Copyright © 2020 KeyPair Consulting Inc.
This non-proprietary security policy document may be freely reproduced and distributed in its entirety without modification.
KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
FIPS 140-2 Non-Proprietary Security Policy
Document Version 1.9
September 28, 2020
KeyPair Consulting
987 Osos Street
San Luis Obispo, CA 93401
keypair.us
(805) 316-5024
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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References
Reference Full Specification Name
[ANS X9.31] Digital Signatures Using Reversible Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry
(rDSA)
[FIPS 140-2] Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules, May 25, 2001
[FIPS 180-4] Secure Hash Standard (SHS)
[FIPS 186-4] Digital Signature Standard (DSS)
[FIPS 197] Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
[FIPS 198-1] The Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC)
[IG] Implementation Guidance for FIPS 140-2 and the Cryptographic Module Validation Program
[SP 800-38B] Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The CMAC Mode for Authentication
[SP 800-38C] Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The CCM Mode for Authentication and
Confidentiality
[SP 800-38D] Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and
GMAC
[SP 800-38E] Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: the XTS-AES Mode for Confidentiality
on Storage Devices
[SP 800-56A] Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key-Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm
Cryptography
[SP 800-56B] Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key-Establishment Schemes Using Integer Factorization
Cryptography
[SP 800-57 R5] Recommendation for Key Management: Part 1 – General
[SP 800-67 R2] Recommendation for the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA) Block Cipher
[SP 800-89] Recommendation for Obtaining Assurances for Digital Signature Applications
[SP 800-90A R1] Recommendation for Random Number Generation Using Deterministic Random Bit
Generators
[SP 800-131A R2] Transitioning the Use of Cryptographic Algorithms and Key Lengths
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4
Table 1 – Security Level of Security Requirements....................................................................................5
Figure 1 – Module Block Diagram ............................................................................................................ 6
2 Tested Configurations....................................................................................................... 7
Table 2 - Tested Configurations................................................................................................................ 8
3 Ports and Interfaces.......................................................................................................... 9
Table 3 - Logical interfaces ....................................................................................................................... 9
4 Modes of Operation and Cryptographic Functionality .................................................... 10
Table 4 - FIPS Approved Cryptographic Functions..................................................................................12
Table 5 - Non-FIPS Approved but Allowed Cryptographic Functions......................................................13
Table 6 - FIPS Non-Approved Cryptographic Functions ..........................................................................13
4.1 Critical Security Parameters and Public Keys ...............................................................................15
Table 7 - Critical Security Parameters.....................................................................................................15
Table 8 - Public Keys ............................................................................................................................... 15
5 Roles, Authentication and Services................................................................................. 17
Table 9 - Services and CSP Access...........................................................................................................18
6 Self-Tests........................................................................................................................ 19
Table 10 - Power-On Self-Tests (KAT = Known answer test; PCT = Pairwise consistency test)...............19
Table 11 - Conditional Tests.................................................................................................................... 20
7 Operational Environment ............................................................................................... 20
8 Mitigation of other Attacks............................................................................................. 20
Appendix A Installation and Usage Guidance ........................................................................ 21
Appendix B Controlled Distribution File Fingerprint .............................................................. 24
Appendix C Compilers............................................................................................................ 26
Table 12 - Compilers ............................................................................................................................... 27
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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1 Introduction
This document is the non-proprietary security policy for the KeyPair Cryptographic Module for
OpenSSL (FIPS 140-2 Cert. #3220), hereafter referred to as the Module.
The Module is a software library providing a C-language application program interface (API) for
use by other processes that require cryptographic functionality. The Module is classified by FIPS
140-2 as a software module, multi-chip standalone module embodiment. The physical
cryptographic boundary is the general purpose computer on which the module is installed. The
logical cryptographic boundary of the Module is the fipscanister object module, a single object
module file named fipscanister.o (Linux®1
/Unix®2
and VxWorks®3
) or fipscanister.lib (Microsoft
Windows®4
). The Module performs no communications other than with the calling application
(the process that invokes the Module services).
The current version of the KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL is v2.0.16. This version is
fully backwards compatible with all earlier revisions of the KeyPair Cryptographic Module for
OpenSSL. The v2.0.16 Module incorporates support for new platforms without disturbing
functionality for any previously tested platforms. The Module includes versions v2.0.9, v2.0.10,
v2.0.11, v2.0.12, v2.0.13, v2.0.14, v2.0.15, and v2.0.16.
The KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL is a rebrand of the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module
SE (FIPS 140-2 Cert. #2398) with the addition of the following Tested Configurations:
- Android 8.1
- CentOS 6
- CentOS 7
- Ubuntu 16.04
Please contact KeyPair Consulting to include your desired operating system as a Tested
Configuration on a FIPS 140-2 certificate branded in your company’s name.
KeyPair Consulting
987 Osos Street
San Luis Obispo, CA 93401
keypair.us
(805) 316-5024
1
Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.
2
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
3
VxWorks is a registered trademark owned by Wind River Systems, Inc.
4
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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As allowed by Implementation Guidance for FIPS 140-2 [IG] G.5, Maintaining validation
compliance of software or firmware cryptographic modules, the validation status of the KeyPair
Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL is maintained when operated in the following additional
configurations:
- Ubuntu 18.04 with an ARM Cortex-A53
- Ubuntu 18.04 with an ARM Cortex-A72
The CMVP makes no statement as to the correct operation of the Module or the security strengths
of the generated keys when the specific operational environment is not listed on the validation
certificate.
The FIPS 140-2 security levels for the Module are as follows:
Security Requirement Security Level
Cryptographic Module Specification 1
Cryptographic Module Ports and Interfaces 1
Roles, Services, and Authentication 2
Finite State Model 1
Physical Security NA
Operational Environment 1
Cryptographic Key Management 1
EMI/EMC 1
Self-Tests 1
Design Assurance 3
Mitigation of Other Attacks NA
Table 1 – Security Level of Security Requirements
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Figure 1 – Module Block Diagram
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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2 Tested Configurations
# Operational Environment Processor
Optimizations
(Target) EC B
1 TS-Linux 2.4 Arm920Tid (ARMv4) None BKP U2
2 iOS 8.1 64-bit Apple A7 (ARMv8) None BKP U2
3 iOS 8.1 64-bit Apple A7 (ARMv8) PAA BKP U2
4 VxWorks 6.9 Freescale P2020 (PPC) None BKP U2
5 iOS 8.1 32-bit Apple A7 (ARMv8) None BKP U2
6 iOS 8.1 32-bit Apple A7 (ARMv8) PAA BKP U2
7 Android 5.0 Qualcomm APQ8084 (ARMv7) None BKP U2
8 Android 5.0 Qualcomm APQ8084 (ARMv7) PAA BKP U2
9 Android 5.0 64-bit SAMSUNG Exynos7420 (ARMv8) None BKP U2
10 Android 5.0 64-bit SAMSUNG Exynos7420 (ARMv8) PAA BKP U2
11 VxWorks 6.7 Intel Core 2 Duo (x86) None BKP U2
12 AIX 6.1 32-bit Power 7 (PPC) None BKP U2
13 AIX 6.1 64-bit Power 7 (PPC) None BKP U2
14 AIX 7.1 32-bit Power 7 (PPC) None BKP U2
15 AIX 7.1 64-bit Power 7 (PPC) None BKP U2
16 DataGravity Discovery Series OS V2.0 Intel Xeon E5-2420 (x86) None BKP U2
17 DataGravity Discovery Series OS V2.0 Intel Xeon E5-2420 (x86) PAA BKP U2
18 AIX 6.1 32-bit Power 7 (PPC) PAA BKP U2
19 AIX 6.1 64-bit Power 7 (PPC) PAA BKP U2
20 Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Xeon E5-2430L (x86) None BKP U2
21 Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Xeon E5-2430L (x86) PAA BKP U2
22 Linux 3.10 Intel Atom E3845 (x86) None BKP U2
23 Linux 3.10 Intel Atom E3845 (x86) PAA BKP U2
24 AIX 7.1 32-bit Power8 (PPC) None BKP U2
25 AIX 7.1 64-bit Power8 (PPC) None BKP U2
26 AIX 7.1 32-bit Power8 (PPC) PAA BKP U2
27 AIX 7.1 64-bit Power8 (PPC) PAA BKP U2
28 AIX 7.2 32-bit Power8 (PPC) None BKP U2
29 AIX 7.2 32-bit Power8 (PPC) PAA BKP U2
30 AIX 7.2 64-bit Power8 (PPC) None BKP U2
31 AIX 7.2 64-bit Power8 (PPC) PAA BKP U2
32 AIX 7.2 32-bit Power7 (PPC) None BKP U2
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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# Operational Environment Processor
Optimizations
(Target) EC B
33 AIX 7.2 64-bit Power7 (PPC) None BKP U2
34 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.1 Cavium Octeon II (MIPS) None BKP U2
35 SurfWare 7.2 TI c64 DSP None BKP C1
36 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.18 Cavium Octeon II (MIPS) None BKP U2
37 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.18 32-bit Intel Atom C2558 (x86) None BKP U2
38 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.18 32-bit Intel Atom C2558 (x86) PAA BKP U2
39 Debian 9 Intel Atom E3845 (x86) None BKP U2
40 Debian 9 Intel Atom E3845 (x86) PAA BKP U2
41 Linux 3.12 NXP T2080 (PPC) None BKP U2
42 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial) Intel® Xeon® E5 (family) None BKP U2
43 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial) Intel® Xeon® E5 (family) PAA BKP U2
44 CentOS 6 Intel® Xeon® E5 (family) None BKP U2
45 CentOS 6 Intel® Xeon® E5 (family) PAA BKP U2
46 CentOS 7 Intel® Xeon® E5 (family) None BKP U2
47 CentOS 7 Intel® Xeon® E5 (family) PAA BKP U2
48 Android 8.1 Nvidia Tegra X1 None BKP U2
49 Android 8.1 Nvidia Tegra X1 PAA BKP U2
Table 2 - Tested Configurations
As described in [IG] 1.21, Processor Algorithm Acceleration (PAA) describes mathematical
constructs and not the complete cryptographic algorithm (as defined in the NIST standards).
Examples of PAA supported by the Module include AES-NI and NEON.
(B = Build Method; EC = Elliptic Curve Support). The EC column indicates support for prime curve
only (P), or all NIST defined B, K, and P curves (BKP).
See Appendix A for additional information on build method and optimizations. See Appendix C
for a list of the specific compilers used to generate the Module for the respective operational
environments.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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3 Ports and Interfaces
The physical ports of the Module are the same as the computer system on which it is executing.
The logical interface is a C-language application program interface (API).
Logical interface type Description
Control input API entry point and corresponding stack parameters
Data input API entry point data input stack parameters
Status output API entry point return values and status stack parameters
Data output API entry point data output stack parameters
Table 3 - Logical interfaces
As a software module, control of the physical ports is outside module scope. However, when the
module is performing self-tests, or is in an error state, all output on the logical data output
interface is inhibited. The module is single-threaded and in error scenarios returns only an error
value (no data output is returned).
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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4 Modes of Operation and Cryptographic Functionality
The Module supports a FIPS 140-2 Approved mode and a Non-Approved mode. Table 4 and Table
5 list the Approved and Non-Approved but Allowed algorithms, respectively. Table 6 lists the Non-
Approved algorithms that shall not be used in the FIPS Approved mode of operation. All services
available in the Approved mode of operation are available in the Non-Approved mode with the
addition of the Non-Approved services.
Function Algorithm Options Cert #
Random Number
Generation;
Symmetric key
generation
[SP 800-90A R1]
DRBG5
Prediction
resistance
supported for all
variations
Hash DRBG
HMAC DRBG, no reseed
CTR DRBG (AES), no derivation function
607
723
845
1027
1182
1256
1414
1451
2289
Encryption,
Decryption and
CMAC
[SP 800-67 R2] 3-Key TDES TECB, TCBC, TCFB, TOFB;
CMAC generate and verify
1780
1853
1942
2086
2190
2263
2366
2399
2840
[FIPS 197] AES
[SP 800-38B] CMAC
[SP 800-38C] CCM
[SP 800-38D] GCM
[SP 800-38E] XTS
128/192/256 ECB, CBC, OFB, CFB 1, CFB 8,
CFB 128, CTR, XTS; CCM; GCM;
CMAC generate and verify
3090
3264
3451
3751
3990
4141
4391
4469
5667
Message Digests [FIPS 180-4] SHA-1, SHA-2 (224, 256, 384, 512) 2553
2702
2847
3121
3294
3411
3620
3681
4541
5
For all DRBGs the "supported security strengths" is just the highest supported security strength per [SP 800-90A
R1] and [SP 800-57 R5].
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Function Algorithm Options Cert #
Keyed Hash [FIPS 198] HMAC SHA-1, SHA-2 (224, 256, 384, 512) 1937
2063
2197
2452
2605
2714
2918
2966
3772
Digital Signature and
Asymmetric Key
Generation
[FIPS 186-2] RSA SigGen9.31, SigGenPKCS1.5, SigGenPSS (4096 with all
SHA-2 sizes)
SigVer9.31, SigVerPKCS1.5, SigVerPSS (2048/3072/4096
with all SHA-2 sizes)
1581
1664
1766
1928
2048
2258
2374
2444
3049
[FIPS 186-4] RSA SigGen9.31, SigGenPKCS1.5, SigGenPSS (2048/3072
with all SHA-2 sizes)
1581
1664
1766
1928
2048
2258
2374
2444
3049
[FIPS 186-4] DSA PQG Gen, Key Pair Gen, Sig Gen (2048/3072 with all
SHA-2 sizes)
PQG Ver, Sig Ver (1024/2048/3072 with all SHA-2 sizes)
896
933
970
1040
1085
1124
1170
1195
1456
[FIPS 186-4] ECDSA PKG: CURVES( P-224 P-256 P-384 P-521 K-233 K-283
K-409 K-571 B-233 B-283 B-409 B-571 ExtraRandomBits
TestingCandidates )
PKV: CURVES( ALL-P ALL-K ALL-B )
SigGen: CURVES(
P-224: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
P-256: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
P-384: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
P-521: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
K-233: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
K-283: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
K-409: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
K-571: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
B-233: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
B-283: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
558
620
698
801
886
952
1050
1091
1533
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Function Algorithm Options Cert #
B-409: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
B-571: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512) )
SigVer: CURVES(
P-192: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-224: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-256: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-384: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-521: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
K-163: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
K-233: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
K-283: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
K-409: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
K-571: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
B-163: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
B-233: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
B-283: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
B-409: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
B-571: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512) )
PKG: CURVES( P-224 P-256 P-384 P-521 )
PKV: CURVES( ALL-P )
SigGen: CURVES(
P-224: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
P-256: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
P-384: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512)
P-521: (SHA-224, 256, 384, 512) )
SigVer: CURVES(
P-192: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-224: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-256: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-384: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512)
P-521: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512) )
ECC CDH (KAS) (CVL) [SP 800-56A]
(§5.7.1.2)
All NIST defined B, K and P curves except sizes 163 and
192
372
472
534
699
814
947
1094
1181
2051
All NIST defined P curves
Table 4 - FIPS Approved Cryptographic Functions
The Module supports only NIST defined curves for use with ECDSA and ECC CDH. The Module
supports two operational environment configurations for elliptic curve; NIST prime curve only
(listed in Table 2 with the EC column marked "P") and all NIST defined curves (listed in Table 2
with the EC column marked "BKP").
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Category Algorithm Description
Key Agreement EC DH Non-compliant (untested) DH scheme using elliptic curve, supporting all NIST
defined B, K and P curves except sizes 163 and 192. Key agreement is a service
provided for calling process use, but is not used to establish keys into the
Module.
Key Encryption,
Decryption
RSA The RSA algorithm may be used by the calling application for encryption or
decryption of keys. No claim is made for SP 800-56B compliance, and no CSPs are
established into or exported out of the module using these services.
Table 5 - Non-FIPS Approved but Allowed Cryptographic Functions
The Module implements the following services which are Non-Approved per the SP 800-131A
and [IG] G.18 transitions:
Function Algorithm Options
Random Number Generation;
Symmetric key generation
[ANS X9.31] RNG AES 128/192/256
Random Number Generation;
Symmetric key generation
[SP 800-90A R1]
DRBG
Dual EC DRBG
(note the Dual EC DRBG algorithm shall not be used in the
FIPS Approved mode of operation)
Digital Signature and
Asymmetric Key Generation
[FIPS 186-2] RSA GenKey9.31 (1024/1536/2048/3072/4096)
SigGen9.31, SigGenPKCS1.5, SigGenPSS
(1024/1536/2048/3072 with all SHA sizes, 4096 with SHA-1)
[FIPS 186-4] DSA PQG Gen, Key Pair Gen, Sig Gen (1024 with all SHA sizes,
2048/3072 with SHA-1)
[FIPS 186-4]
ECDSA
PKG: CURVES( P-192 K-163 B-163 )
SigGen: CURVES( P-192: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512) P-
224:(SHA-1) P-256:(SHA-1) P-384:(SHA-1) P-521:(SHA-1) K-
163: (SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512) K-233:(SHA-1) K-283:(SHA-
1) K-409:(SHA-1) K-571:(SHA-1) B-163: (SHA-1, 224, 256,
384, 512) B-233:(SHA-1) B-283:(SHA-1) B-409:(SHA-1) B-
571:(SHA-1) )
ECC CDH (CVL) [SP 800-56A]
(§5.7.1.2)
All NIST Recommended B, K and P curves sizes 163 and 192
Table 6 - FIPS Non-Approved Cryptographic Functions
X9.31 RNG is Non-Approved effective December 31, 2015, per the CMVP Notice "X9.31 RNG
transition, December 31, 2015".
These algorithms shall not be used when operating in the FIPS Approved mode of operation.
EC DH Key Agreement provides a maximum of 256 bits of security strength. RSA Key Wrapping
provides a maximum of 256 bits of security strength.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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The Module requires an initialization sequence (see [IG] 9.5): the calling application invokes
FIPS_mode_set()6, which returns a “1” for success and “0” for failure. If FIPS_mode_set() fails
then all cryptographic services fail from then on. The application can test to see if FIPS mode has
been successfully performed.
The Module is a cryptographic engine library, which can be used only in conjunction with
additional software. Aside from the use of the NIST defined elliptic curves as trusted third-party
domain parameters, all other FIPS 186-4 assurances are outside the scope of the Module, and
are the responsibility of the calling process.
6
The function call in the Module is FIPS_module_mode_set() which is typically used by an application via
the FIPS_mode_set() wrapper function.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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4.1 Critical Security Parameters and Public Keys
All CSPs used by the Module are described in this section. All access to these CSPs by Module
services are described in Section 4. The CSP names are generic, corresponding to API parameter
data structures.
CSP Name Description
RSA SGK RSA (2048 to 16384 bits) signature generation key
RSA KDK RSA (2048 to 16384 bits) key decryption (private key transport) key
DSA SGK [FIPS 186-4] DSA (2048/3072) signature generation key
ECDSA SGK ECDSA (All NIST defined B, K, and P curves except sizes 163 and 192) signature generation
key
EC DH Private EC DH (All NIST defined B, K, and P curves except sizes 163 and 192) private key
agreement key.
AES EDK AES (128/192/256) encrypt / decrypt key
AES CMAC AES (128/192/256) CMAC generate / verify key
AES GCM AES (128/192/256) encrypt / decrypt / generate / verify key
AES XTS AES (256/512) XTS encrypt / decrypt key
TDES EDK TDES (3-Key) encrypt / decrypt key
TDES CMAC TDES (3-Key) CMAC generate / verify key
HMAC Key Keyed hash key (160/224/256/384/512)
Hash_DRBG CSPs V (440/888 bits) and C (440/888 bits), entropy input (length dependent on security
strength)
HMAC_DRBG CSPs V (160/224/256/384/512 bits) and Key (160/224/256/384/512 bits), entropy input (length
dependent on security strength)
CTR_DRBG CSPs V (128 bits) and Key (AES 128/192/256), entropy input (length dependent on security
strength)
CO-AD-Digest Pre-calculated HMAC-SHA-1 digest used for Crypto Officer role authentication
User-AD-Digest Pre-calculated HMAC-SHA-1 digest used for User role authentication
Table 7 - Critical Security Parameters
Authentication data is loaded into the module during the module build process, performed by an
authorized operator (Crypto Officer), and otherwise cannot be accessed.
The module does not output intermediate key generation values.
Public Key Name Description
RSA SVK RSA (2048 to 16384 bits) signature verification public key
RSA KEK RSA (2048 to 16384 bits) key encryption (public key transport) key
DSA SVK [FIPS 186-4] DSA (1024/2048/3072) signature verification key
ECDSA SVK ECDSA (All NIST defined B, K and P curves) signature verification key
EC DH Public EC DH (All NIST defined B, K and P curves) public key agreement key.
Table 8 - Public Keys
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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For all CSPs and Public Keys:
Storage: RAM, associated to entities by memory location. The Module stores DRBG state
values for the lifetime of the DRBG instance. The module uses CSPs passed in by the calling
application on the stack. The Module does not store any CSP persistently (beyond the lifetime
of an API call), with the exception of DRBG state values used for the Modules' default key
generation service.
Generation: The Module implements SP 800-90A compliant DRBG services for creation of
symmetric keys, and for generation of DSA and elliptic curve keys as shown in Table 4. The
calling application is responsible for storage of generated keys returned by the module.
Entry: All CSPs enter the Module’s logical boundary in plaintext as API parameters, associated
by memory location. However, none cross the physical boundary.
Output: The Module does not output CSPs, other than as explicit results of key generation
services. However, none cross the physical boundary.
Destruction: Zeroization of sensitive data is performed automatically by API function calls for
temporarily stored CSPs. In addition, the module provides functions to explicitly destroy CSPs
related to random number generation services. The calling application is responsible for
parameters passed in and out of the module.
Private and secret keys as well as seeds and entropy input are provided to the Module by the
calling application, and are destroyed when released by the appropriate API function calls. Keys
residing in internally allocated data structures (during the lifetime of an API call) can only be
accessed using the Module defined API. The operating system protects memory and process
space from unauthorized access. Only the calling application that creates or imports keys can use
or export such keys. All API functions are executed by the invoking calling application in a non-
overlapping sequence such that no two API functions will execute concurrently. An authorized
application as user (Crypto-Officer and User) has access to all key data generated during the
operation of the Module.
In the event Module power is lost and restored the calling application must ensure that any
AES-GCM keys used for encryption or decryption are re-distributed.
Module users (the calling applications) shall use entropy sources that meet the security strength
required for the random number generation mechanism as shown in [SP 800-90A R1] Table 2
(Hash_DRBG, HMAC_DRBG) and Table 3 (CTR_DRBG). This entropy is supplied by means of
callback functions. Those functions must return an error if the minimum entropy strength cannot
be met.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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5 Roles, Authentication and Services
The Module implements the required User and Crypto Officer roles and requires authentication
for those roles. Only one role may be active at a time and the Module does not allow concurrent
operators. The User or Crypto Officer role is assumed by passing the appropriate password to the
FIPS_module_mode_set() function. The password values may be specified at build time and
must have a minimum length of 16 characters. Any attempt to authenticate with an invalid
password will result in an immediate and permanent failure condition rendering the Module
unable to enter the FIPS mode of operation, even with subsequent use of a correct password.
Authentication data is loaded into the Module during the Module build process, performed by
the Crypto Officer, and otherwise cannot be accessed.
Since minimum password length is 16 characters, the probability of a random successful
authentication attempt in one try is a maximum of 1/25616
, or less than 1/1038
. The Module
permanently disables further authentication attempts after a single failure, so this probability is
independent of time.
Both roles have access to all of the services provided by the Module.
• User Role (User): Loading the Module and calling any of the API functions.
• Crypto Officer Role (CO): Installation of the Module on the host computer system and
calling of any API functions.
All services implemented by the Module are listed below, along with a description of service CSP
access.
Service Role Description
Initialize User, CO Module initialization. Does not access CSPs.
Self-test User, CO Perform self-tests (FIPS_selftest). Does not access CSPs.
Show status User, CO Functions that provide module status information:
• Version (as unsigned long or const char *)
• FIPS Mode (Boolean)
Does not access CSPs.
Zeroize User, CO Functions that destroy CSPs:
• fips_drbg_uninstantiate: for a given DRBG context, overwrites DRBG
CSPs (Hash_DRBG CSPs, HMAC_DRBG CSPs, CTR_DRBG CSPs)
All other services automatically overwrite CSPs stored in allocated memory. Stack
cleanup is the responsibility of the calling application.
Random
number
generation
User, CO Used for random number and symmetric key generation.
• Seed or reseed a DRBG instance
• Determine security strength of a DRBG instance
• Obtain random data
Uses and updates Hash_DRBG CSPs, HMAC_DRBG CSPs, CTR_DRBG CSPs.
Asymmetric key
generation
User, CO Used to generate DSA and ECDSA keys:
DSA SGK, DSA SVK; ECDSA SGK, ECDSA SVK
There is one supported entropy strength for each mechanism and algorithm
type, the maximum specified in [SP 800-90A R1]
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Service Role Description
Symmetric
encrypt/decrypt
User, CO Used to encrypt or decrypt data.
Executes using AES EDK, TDES EDK (passed in by the calling process).
Symmetric
digest
User, CO Used to generate or verify data integrity with CMAC.
Executes using AES CMAC, TDES, CMAC (passed in by the calling process).
Message digest User, CO Used to generate a SHA-1 or SHA-2 message digest.
Does not access CSPs.
Keyed Hash User, CO Used to generate or verify data integrity with HMAC.
Executes using HMAC Key (passed in by the calling process).
Key transport7
User, CO Used to encrypt or decrypt a key value on behalf of the calling process (does not
establish keys into the module).
Executes using RSA KDK, RSA KEK (passed in by the calling process).
Key agreement User, CO Used to perform key agreement primitives on behalf of the calling process (does
not establish keys into the module).
Executes using EC DH Private, EC DH Public (passed in by the calling process).
Digital
signature
User, CO Used to generate or verify RSA, DSA or ECDSA digital signatures.
Executes using RSA SGK, RSA SVK; DSA SGK, DSA SVK; ECDSA SGK, ECDSA SVK
(passed in by the calling process).
Utility User, CO Miscellaneous helper functions. Does not access CSPs.
Table 9 - Services and CSP Access
7
"Key transport" can refer to a) moving keys in and out of the module or b) the use of keys by an external application.
The latter definition is the one that applies to the Module.
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6 Self-Tests
The Module performs the self-tests listed below on invocation of Initialize or Self-test.
Algorithm Type Test Attributes
Software integrity KAT HMAC-SHA1
HMAC KAT One KAT per SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384 and SHA512
Per [IG] 9.3, this testing covers SHA POST requirements.
AES KAT Separate encrypt and decrypt, ECB mode, 128-bit key length
AES CCM KAT Separate encrypt and decrypt, 192 key length
AES GCM KAT Separate encrypt and decrypt, 256 key length
XTS-AES KAT 128, 256 bit key sizes to support either the 256-bit key size (for XTS-AES-128) or the
512-bit key size (for XTS-AES-256)
AES CMAC KAT Sign and verify CBC mode, 128, 192, 256 key lengths
TDES KAT Separate encrypt and decrypt, ECB mode, 3-Key
TDES CMAC KAT CMAC generate and verify, CBC mode, 3-Key
RSA KAT Sign and verify using 2048 bit key, SHA-256, PKCS#1
DSA PCT Sign and verify using 2048 bit key, SHA-384
DRBG KAT CTR_DRBG: AES, 256 bits with and without derivation function
HASH_DRBG: SHA256
HMAC_DRBG: SHA256
Dual_EC_DRBG8
: P-256 and SHA256
ECDSA PCT Keygen, sign, verify using P-224, K-233 and SHA512. The K-233 self-test is not
performed for operational environments that support prime curve only (see Table 2).
ECC CDH KAT Shared secret calculation per SP 800-56A §5.7.1.2, [IG] 9.6
Table 10 - Power-On Self-Tests (KAT = Known answer test; PCT = Pairwise consistency test)
The Module is installed using one of the set of instructions in Appendix A, as appropriate for the
target system. The HMAC-SHA-1 of the Module distribution file as tested by the CMT Laboratory
and listed in Appendix A is verified during installation of the Module file as described in Appendix
A.
The FIPS_mode_set()9 function performs all power-up self-tests listed above with no operator
intervention required, returning a “1” if all power-up self-tests succeed, and a “0” otherwise. If
any component of the power-up self-test fails an internal flag is set to prevent subsequent
invocation of any cryptographic function calls. The module will only enter the FIPS Approved
mode if the module is reloaded and the call to FIPS_mode_set()8
succeeds.
The power-up self-tests may also be performed on-demand by calling FIPS_selftest(), which
returns a “1” for success and “0” for failure. Interpretation of this return code is the responsibility
of the calling application.
8
The module performs a self-test for the disallowed Dual EC DRBG algorithm. This test is not required per [IG] 9.4.
9
FIPS_mode_set() calls Module function FIPS_module_mode_set()
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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The Module also implements the following conditional tests:
Algorithm Test
DRBG Tested as required by [SP 800-90A R1] Section 11
DRBG FIPS 140-2 continuous test for stuck fault
DSA Pairwise consistency test on each generation of a key pair
ECDSA Pairwise consistency test on each generation of a key pair
RSA10
Pairwise consistency test on each generation of a key pair
Table 11 - Conditional Tests
In the event of a DRBG self-test failure the calling application must uninstantiate and re-
instantiate the DRBG per the requirements of [SP 800-90A R1]; this is not something the Module
can do itself.
Pairwise consistency tests are performed for both possible modes of use, e.g. Sign/Verify and
Encrypt/Decrypt.
The Module supports two operational environment configurations for elliptic curve: NIST prime
curves only (listed in Table 2 with the EC column marked "P") and all NIST defined curves (listed
in Table 2 with the EC column marked "BKP").
7 Operational Environment
The tested operating systems segregate user processes into separate process spaces. Each
process space is logically separated from all other processes by the operating system software
and hardware. The Module functions entirely within the process space of the calling application,
and implicitly satisfies the FIPS 140-2 requirement for a single user mode of operation.
8 Mitigation of other Attacks
The module is not designed to mitigate against attacks which are outside of the scope of FIPS
140-2.
10
The module performs a pairwise consistency test for the disallowed RSA key generation function. This test is not
required per [IG] 9.9.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Appendix A Installation and Usage Guidance
The test platforms represent different combinations of installation instructions. For each
platform, there is a build system, the host providing the build environment in which the
installation instructions are executed, and a target system on which the generated object code is
executed. The build and target systems may be the same type of system or even the same device,
or may be different systems – the Module supports cross-compilation environments.
Each of these command sets are relative to the top of the directory containing the uncompressed
and expanded contents of the distribution files openssl-fips-2.0.16.tar.gz (all NIST defined curves
as listed in Table 2 with the EC column marked "BKP") or openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.16.tar.gz (NIST
prime curves only as listed in Table 2 with the EC column marked "P"). The command sets are:
U1:
./config no-asm
make
make install
U2:
./config
make
make install
W1:
ms\do_fips no-asm
W2:
ms\do_fips
C1:
c6x/do_fips
Installation instructions
1. Download and copy the distribution file to the build system.
These files can be downloaded from https://www.openssl.org/source/.
2. Verify the HMAC-SHA-1 digest of the distribution file; see Appendix B. An independently
acquired FIPS 140-2 validated implementation of SHA-1 HMAC must be used for this
digest verification. Note that this verification can be performed on any convenient system
and not necessarily on the specific build or target system. Alternatively, a copy of the
distribution on physical media can be obtained from KeyPair Consulting11
.
11
For some prospective users the acquisition, installation, and configuration of a suitable FIPS 140-2 validated product may not
be convenient. KeyPair Consulting will on request mail a CD containing the source code distribution, via USPS or international
post. A distribution file received by that means need not be verified by a FIPS 140-2 validated implementation of HMAC-SHA-1.
For instructions on requesting this CD see https://keypair.us/2018/05/cd/.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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3. Unpack the distribution
gunzip -c openssl-fips-2.0.16.tar.gz | tar xf -
cd openssl-fips-2.0.16
or
gunzip -c openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.16.tar.gz | tar xf -
cd openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.16
4. Execute one of the installation command sets U1, W1, U2, W2 as shown above. No other
command sets shall be used.
5. The resulting fipscanister.o or fipscanister.lib file is now available for use.
6. The calling application enables FIPS mode by calling the FIPS_mode_set()10 function.
Note that failure to use one of the specified commands sets exactly as shown will result in a
module that cannot be considered compliant with FIPS 140-2.
Linking the Runtime Executable Application
Note that applications interfacing with the FIPS Object Module are outside of the cryptographic
boundary. When linking the application with the FIPS Object Module two steps are necessary:
1. The HMAC-SHA-1 digest of the FIPS Object Module file must be calculated and verified
against the installed digest to ensure the integrity of the FIPS object module.
2. A HMAC-SHA-1 digest of the FIPS Object Module must be generated and embedded in
the FIPS Object Module for use by the FIPS_mode_set()10 function at runtime
initialization.
The fips_standalone_sha1 command can be used to perform the verification of the FIPS Object
Module and to generate the new HMAC-SHA-1 digest for the runtime executable application.
Failure to embed the digest in the executable object will prevent initialization of FIPS mode.
At runtime, the FIPS_mode_set()12 function compares the embedded HMAC-SHA-1 digest with
a digest generated from the FIPS Object Module object code. This digest is the final link in the
chain of validation from the original source to the runtime executable application file.
Optimization
The “asm” designation means that assembler language optimizations were enabled when the
binary code was built, “no-asm” means that only C language code was compiled.
For OpenSSL with x86 there are three possible optimization levels:
1. No optimization (plain C)
2. SSE2 optimization
3. AES-NI+PCLMULQDQ+SSSE3 optimization
Other theoretically possible combinations (e.g. AES-NI only, or SSE3 only) are not addressed
individually, so that a processor which does not support all three of AES-NI, PCLMULQDQ, and
SSSE3 will fall back to SSE2 optimization.
12
FIPS_mode_set() calls the Module function FIPS_module_mode_set()
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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For more information, see:
• http://www.intel.com/support/processors/sb/CS-030123.htm?wapkw=sse2
• http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-advanced-encryption-standard-
instructions-aes-ni/?wapkw=aes-ni
For OpenSSL with ARM there are two possible optimization levels:
1. Without NEON
2. With NEON (ARM7 only)
For more information, see http://www.arm.com/products/processors/technologies/neon.php
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Appendix B Controlled Distribution File Fingerprint
The KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL v2.0.16 consists of the OpenSSL FIPS Object
Module v2.0.16 (the fipscanister.o or fipscanister.lib contiguous unit of binary object code)
generated from the specific source files.
For all NIST defined curves (listed in Table 2 with the EC column marked "BKP") the source files
are in the specific special OpenSSL distribution openssl-fips-2.0.16.tar.gz with HMAC-SHA-1
digest of
e8dbfa6cb9e22a049ec625ffb7ccaf33e6116598
located at http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-fips-2.0.16.tar.gz.
The openssl command from a version of OpenSSL that incorporates a previously validated version
of the module may be used:
openssl sha1 -hmac etaonrishdlcupfm openssl-fips-2.0.16.tar.gz
For NIST prime curves only (listed in Table 2 with the EC column marked "P") the source files are
in the specific special OpenSSL distribution openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.16.tar.gz with HMAC-SHA-1
digest of
205ce773d4d6a7abbcee2cf6ca9e923a0d120f1a
located at http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.16.tar.gz. Note this is from the
previous revision of the KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL as no modifications relevant
to NIST prime curves only were introduced in revision 2.0.16.
The set of files specified in this tar file constitutes the complete set of source files of this module.
There shall be no additions, deletions, or alterations of this set as used during module build. The
OpenSSL distribution tar file (and patch file if used) shall be verified using the above HMAC-SHA-
1 digest(s).
The arbitrary 16-byte key of:
65 74 61 6f 6e 72 69 73 68 64 6c 63 75 70 66 6d
(equivalent to the ASCII string "etaonrishdlcupfm") is used to generate the HMAC-SHA-1 value
for the KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL integrity check.
The functionality of all earlier revisions of the KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL are
subsumed by this latest revision, so there is no reason to use older revisions for any new
deployments. However, older revisions remain valid. The source distribution files and
corresponding HMAC-SHA-1 digests are listed below:
openssl-fips-2.0.15.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.15.tar.gz
Digest: b4967baaff637dda636224fdc732992dc5a5dd77
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.15.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.15.tar.gz
Digest: 79038b02ac9ea08a63ce3fc60e493e3a0a728ebd
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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openssl-fips-2.0.14.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.14.tar.gz
Digest: fa4eea2c159885c896f4760dccb73efe59244f1d
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.14.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.14.tar.gz
Digest: bf676ee9f52b30e9f7348d19d5e6bf5b244ccf52
openssl-fips-2.0.13.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.13.tar.gz
Digest: 26f923491458df77a1f4c6ce39fef2f5bea88cd5
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.13.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.13.tar.gz
Digest: bd935902af260cceb29d30708c7ed5461698280d
openssl-fips-2.0.12.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.12.tar.gz
Digest: 86ec30179f1bfb2edde4ababf0fb519ba7380b69
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.12.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.12.tar.gz
Digest: 3da3e6d610378ad4b6ee2638a141c17cb3a2aabf
openssl-fips-2.0.11.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.11.tar.gz
Digest: b9d2a466c66841fcbf65a3cbe21abf81fe140bcf
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.11.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.11.tar.gz
Digest: 571662bb0e413bd42f612c695c0b76deb2e9b33e
openssl-fips-2.0.10.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.10.tar.gz
Digest: af8bda4bb9739e35b4ef00a9bc40d21a6a97a780
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.10.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.10.tar.gz
Digest: 02cc9ddfffb2e917d1cdc9ebc97a9731c40f6394
openssl-fips-2.0.9.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-2.0.9.tar.gz
Digest: 54552e9a3ed8d1561341e8945fcdec55af961322
openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.9.tar.gz
URL: http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/openssl-fips-ecp-2.0.9.tar.gz
Digest: 91d267688713c920f85bc5e69c8b5d34e1112672
Note that older versions of the FIPS module are migrated from http://www.openssl.org/source/
to http://www.openssl.org/source/old/fips/, so depending on the time at which this document
is referenced the URLs above may need to be adjusted accordingly.
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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Appendix C Compilers
This appendix lists the specific compilers used to generate the Module for the respective
Operational Environments. Note this list does not imply that use of the Module is restricted to
only the listed compiler versions, only that the use of other versions has not been confirmed to
produce a correct result.
# Operational Environment Compiler
1 TS-Linux 2.4 gcc 4.3.2
2 iOS 8.1 64-bit clang-600.0.56
3 iOS 8.1 64-bit clang-600.0.56
4 VxWorks 6.9 gcc 4.3.3
5 iOS 8.1 32-bit clang-600.0.56
6 iOS 8.1 32-bit clang-600.0.56
7 Android 5.0 gcc 4.9
8 Android 5.0 gcc 4.9
9 Android 5.0 64-bit gcc 4.9
10 Android 5.0 64-bit gcc 4.9
11 VxWorks 6.7 gcc 4.1.2
12 AIX 6.1 32-bit IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V13.1
13 AIX 6.1 64-bit IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V13.1
14 AIX 7.1 32-bit IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V13.1
15 AIX 7.1 64-bit IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V13.1
16 DataGravity Discovery Series OS V2.0 gcc 4.7.2
17 DataGravity Discovery Series OS V2.0 gcc 4.7.2
18 AIX 6.1 32-bit IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V10.1
19 AIX 6.1 64-bit IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V10.1
20 Ubuntu 12.04 gcc 4.6.3
21 Ubuntu 12.04 gcc 4.6.3
22 Linux 3.10 gcc 4.8.1
23 Linux 3.10 gcc 4.8.1
24 AIX 7.1 32-bit IBM XL V13.1
25 AIX 7.1 64-bit IBM XL V13.1
26 AIX 7.1 32-bit IBM XL V13.1
27 AIX 7.1 64-bit IBM XL V13.1
28 AIX 7.2 32-bit IBM XL V13.1
29 AIX 7.2 32-bit IBM XL V13.1
30 AIX 7.2 64-bit IBM XL V13.1
31 AIX 7.2 64-bit IBM XL V13.1
32 AIX 7.2 32-bit IBM XL V13.1
FIPS 140-2 Security Policy KeyPair Cryptographic Module for OpenSSL
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# Operational Environment Compiler
33 AIX 7.2 64-bit IBM XL V13.1
34 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.1 gcc 4.9.2
35 SurfWare 7.2 TMS320C6x 6.0.19
36 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.18 gcc 4.9.2
37 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.18 32-bit gcc 4.9.2
38 ExtremeXOS-Linux 3.18 32-bit gcc 4.9.2
39 Debian 9 gcc 6.3.0
40 Debian 9 gcc 6.3.0
41 Linux 3.12 gcc 4.9.2
42 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial) gcc 5.4.0
43 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial) gcc 5.4.0
44 CentOS 6 gcc 4.4.7
45 CentOS 6 gcc 4.4.7
46 CentOS 7 gcc 4.8.5
47 CentOS 7 gcc 4.8.5
48 Android 8.1 gcc 5.4.0
49 Android 8.1 gcc 5.4.0
Table 12 - Compilers