Intelligent Agent Security Manager v1.2 Security Target
Common Criteria
Security Target
For The
Promia
Intelligent Agent Security Manager
Version 1.2
(IASM)
Revision 3.3d
28 April 2006
Intelligent Agent Security Manager v1.2 Security Target
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Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................1
1.1 SECURITY TARGET IDENTIFICATION ..............................................................................1
1.2 SECURITY TARGET OVERVIEW......................................................................................1
1.3 CONVENTIONS ..............................................................................................................2
1.4 TERMINOLOGY .............................................................................................................3
1.5 RELATED PROTECTION PROFILES ..................................................................................5
1.6 SECURITY TARGET ORGANIZATION ...............................................................................5
2 TOE DESCRIPTION........................................................................................................7
2.1 IASM TARGET OF EVALUATION DEFINITION AND OVERVIEW .......................................7
2.2 EVALUATION CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................11
2.3 THE IASM TOE LOGICAL BOUNDARY........................................................................12
3 TOE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT ..............................................................................13
3.1 ASSUMPTIONS ............................................................................................................13
3.2 THREATS ADDRESSED BY THE IASM TOE ..................................................................14
3.3 ORGANIZATIONAL SECURITY POLICIES........................................................................15
4 SECURITY OBJECTIVES.............................................................................................17
4.1 TOESECURITY OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................17
4.2 TOEENVIRONMENT SECURITY OBJECTIVES................................................................18
5 IT SECURITY REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................20
5.1 TOEFUNCTIONAL SECURITY REQUIREMENTS.............................................................20
5.2 TOEENVIRONMENT FUNCTIONAL SECURITY REQUIREMENTS .....................................26
5.3 EXPLICITLY STATED TOE FUNCTIONAL SECURITY REQUIREMENTS .............................26
5.4 OTHER EXPLICITLY STATED TOE FUNCTIONALSECURITY REQUIREMENTS..................29
5.5 EXPLICITLY STATED SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TOE ENVIRONMENT.............29
5.6 STRENGTH OF TOE SECURITY FUNCTION CLAIMS .......................................................29
5.7 TOESECURITY ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS ..............................................................30
6 TOE SUMMARY SPECIFICATION.............................................................................31
6.1 TSF_PEC: PROTECTED EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS................................................31
6.2 TSF_PSF: PROTECTION OF SECURITY FUNCTIONS.......................................................31
6.3 TSF_SFM: SECURITY FUNCTION MANAGEMENT.........................................................34
6.4 TSF_SIC: SECURITY INFORMATION CONSOLIDATION..................................................35
6.5 TSF_SIM:SECURITY INCIDENTMANAGEMENT...........................................................36
6.6 TSF_UIA: USER IDENTIFICATION & AUTHENTICATION ...............................................37
6.7 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IASM SECURITY ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS.....................39
7 PP COMPLIANCE .........................................................................................................40
8 RATIONALE ..................................................................................................................41
8.1 RATIONALE FOR SECURITY OBJECTIVES......................................................................41
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8.2 RATIONALE FOR TOE SECURITY REQUIREMENTS ........................................................54
8.3 RATIONALE FOR STRENGTH OF SECURITY FUNCTIONS .................................................59
8.4 RATIONALE FOR ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS.............................................................60
8.5 REQUIREMENT DEPENDENCY RATIONALE ...................................................................61
8.6 EXPLICITLY STATED REQUIREMENT DEPENDENCY RATIONALE....................................61
9 REFERENCES................................................................................................................62
10 ACRONYMS...............................................................................................................63
11 RATIONALE FOR USE OF PREVIOUSLY EVALUATED IA PRODUCTS IN
THE PROMIA IASM TOE....................................................................................................65
11.1 RATIONALE FOR THE USE OF SUSE LINUX 9.1 IN THE IASM TOE..............................65
11.2 RATIONALE FOR THE USE OF WINDOWS XP PROFESSIONAL IN THE IASM TOE............69
List of Figures
FIGURE 2-1 – THE IASM CONCEPTUAL APPROACH...................................................................8
List of Tables
TABLE 2-1 – TOE SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE CONFIGURATION ITEMS......................................11
TABLE 3-1 – TOE ASSUMPTIONS................................................................................................13
TABLE 3-2 – TOE THREATS .......................................................................................................14
TABLE 3-3 – TOE POLICIES........................................................................................................15
TABLE 4-1 – TOE SECURITY OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................17
TABLE 4-2 – TOE ENVIRONMENT SECURITY OBJECTIVES ...........................................................18
TABLE 5-1 – TOE SECURITY FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS.........................................................20
TABLE 5-2 – AUDITABLE EVENTS FOR THE BASIC LEVEL OF AUDIT.............................................21
TABLE 5-3 – EXPLICITLY STATED TOE SECURITY FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS .........................26
TABLE 5-4: EXPLICITLY STATED SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TOE ENVIRONMENT ..........29
TABLE 5-5 – STRENGTH OF FUNCTION CLAIMS ...........................................................................30
TABLE 5-6 – EAL3+ ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS SUMMARY.....................................................30
TABLE 6-1 – MAPPING OF EAL3+ ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS TO TOE ASSURANCE MEASURES 39
TABLE 8-1 – RATIONALE FOR TOE SECURITY OBJECTIVES..........................................................41
TABLE 8-2 – RATIONALE FOR TOE ENVIRONMENT SECURITY OBJECTIVES ..................................48
TABLE 8-3 – SUMMARY CORRELATION OF SECURITY OBJECTIVES WITH ASSUMPTIONS, THREATS,
AND POLICIES.....................................................................................................................53
TABLE 8-4 – RATIONALE FOR TOE SECURITY REQUIREMENTS ....................................................54
TABLE 8-5 – SUMMARY CORRELATION OF SECURITY OBJECTIVES WITH SECURITY FUNCTION
REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................................58
TABLE 8-6 – REQUIREMENT DEPENDENCIES ...............................................................................61
TABLE 11-1 – IASM USE OF SUSE LINUX ENTERPRISE SERVER 9.1 (SLES) SECURITY FEATURES
..........................................................................................................................................65
TABLE 11-2 – IASM USE OF WINDOWS XPPROFESSIONAL (WXP) SECURITY FEATURES ............69
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1 INTRODUCTION
This section contains document management and overview information necessary to allow a
Security Target (ST) to be used in a U.S. CCEVS Common Criteria evaluation. The Overview
summarizes the ST in narrative form and provides sufficient information for a potential user to
determine whether the ST is of interest. The Conventions section provides an explanation the
Common Criteria (CC) notation and formatting plus outlines how this document is organized.
The Terms section gives a basic definition of terms, which are specific to this ST. Finally, the
Related Profiles section identifies profiles directly related to this ST.
1.1 Security Target Identification
Title: Common Criteria Security Target for the Promia Intelligent Agent Security Manager
Version 1.2 (IASM)
Sponsor: Promia, Inc
Author: David Chizmadia
CC Version: Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation Part 2: Security
functional requirements, Version 2.2, January 2004, ISO/IEC 15408-2. Part 2 extended
Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation Part 3: Security assurance
requirements, Version 2.2, January 2004, ISO/IEC 15408-3. Part 3 conformant Evaluation
Assurance Level 3 (EAL 3) augmented with ALC_FLR.2 and ALC_LCD.1.
Security Target Version: Revision 3.3d, dated 28 April 2006
Keywords: Attack Sensing and Warning, Security Event Management, Security Incident
Detection, Security Incident Response Management, Distributed System, Medium Robustness
1.2 Security Target Overview
1.2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this ST is to document the security assumptions, policies, threats, objectives,
requirements, and rationale for the technical evaluation of the Promia security management
product called the Intelligent Agent Security Manager Version 1.2 (IASM). Any unqualified
references in this document to IASM or Intelligent Agent Security Manager shall be understood
to refer to IASM Version 1.2. A detailed definition of the IASM product is provided in Section 2.
It is intended that this IASM Security Target be used as the basis for a third party evaluation
according to the Common Criteria (ISO/IEC 15408) and its associated Common Evaluation
Methodology: as reflected, e.g., in the US Common Criteria Evaluation and Validation Scheme
(CCEVS) administered by the US National Information Assurance Partnership (NIAP).
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1.2.2 Scope
Type of system: The IASM TOE is a general-purpose platform for building and deploying
security incident management systems (SIMS) that detect and react to security incidents in a
specific monitored network. The SIMS of which the IASM TOE is a part becomes an integral
part of the security countermeasures of an operational system. This Security Target applies to the
IASM TOE, which is comprised of the following three distinct devices: each of which includes
dedicated hardware running the IASM software:
The IASM Master Server, which is the core of the IASM product and provides:
collection and consolidation of operational and security events; redistribution of those
events to one or more Analytic Engines that are designed to detect security incidents
on the monitored network; consolidation and management of security incidents
detected by Analytic Engines; and user interfaces that the operations personnel of the
monitored network employ to monitor and respond to detected security incidents;
The IASM Database Server, which implements the IASM TOE security incident
management data model and provides scalable persistent storage for information
collected or produced by an operationalSIMS based on the IASM TOE;
The IASM Console Server, which is a software application that provides the human user
interfaces for administering and operating the IASM.
Type of access: The IASM Master Server requires and uses access to the network infrastructure
of the monitored network to exchange control messages and operational and security event data
with external entities. The Human/Machine Interfaces to the IASM recognize four roles for
people allowed access to the IASM: Operator, Analyst, Reporter, and Administrator.
Nature of use: The IASM TOE collects and consolidates operational and security event records
from multiple sources, operating at different levels within the TCP/IP protocol stack, within the
communications and computing architecture of the monitored system. It then redistributes those
events to external Analytic Engines, which create security incidents that are in turn collected and
consolidate by the IASM TOE. It also displays the security status of the monitored network to
allow effective human intervention when security incidents are detected. Finally, it provides
recommended responses to detected security incidents and can use a defined interface to invoke
separate software components that automatically implement those responses.
1.3 Conventions
The notation, formatting, and conventions used in this ST are consistent with those used in
version 2.2 of the CC.
The CC allows several operations to be performed on functional requirements; refinement,
selection, assignment, and iteration are defined in section 4.4.1.3.2 of Part 1 of the CC. Each of
these operations has been used in producing this ST.
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The refinement operation is used to add detail to a requirement, and thus further restricts
a requirement. Refinement of security requirements is denoted by bold text.
The selection operation is used to select one or more options provided by the CC in
stating a requirement. Selections are denoted by italicized text.
The assignment operation is used to assign a specific value to an unspecified parameter,
such as the length of a password. Assignment is indicated by showing the value in square
brackets, [Assignment value].
The iteration operation is used when a component is repeated with varying operations.
Iteration is denoted by showing the iteration number in parenthesis following the
component identifier, (iteration number).
The CC paradigm also allows PP and ST authors to create their own requirements. Such
requirements are termed ‘explicitly stated requirements’ and are permitted if the CC does not
offer suitable requirements to meet the authors’ needs. Explicitly stated requirements must be
identified and are required to use the CC class/family/component model in articulating the
requirements. In this PP, explicit requirements will be indicated with the “EXP” following the
component name
1.4 Terminology
Access -- Interaction between an entity and an object that results in the flow or modification of
data.
Access Control – A security service that mediates the use of computing, communication, and
storage resources in order to enforce a defined security policy regarding the disclosure or
modification those resources.
Accountability -- Property that allows activities in an IT system to be traced to the entity
responsible for the activity.
Administrator -- A user who has been specifically granted the authority to manage some portion
or all of the TOE and whose actions may affect the TSP. Administrators may possess special
privileges that provide capabilities to override portions of the TSP.
Assurance -- A measure of confidence that the security features of an IT system are sufficient to
enforce its security policy.
Attack -- An intentional act attempting to violate the security policy of an IT system.
Authentication -- Security measure that verifies a claimed identity.
Authentication data -- Information used to verify a claimed identity.
Authorization -- Permission, granted by an entity authorized to do so, to perform functions and
access data.
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Authorized user -- An authenticated user who may, in accordance with the TSP, perform an
operation.
Availability – Timely (according to some defined metric) and reliable access to IT resources.
Compromise -- Violation of a security policy.
Confidentiality -- A security policy pertaining to disclosure of data.
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) -- A means of restricting access to objects based on the
identity of subjects and/or groups to which they belong. These controls are discretionary in the
sense that a subject with certain access permission is capable of passing that permission (perhaps
indirectly) on to any other subject.
Enclave -- A collection of entities under the control of a single authority and having a
homogeneous security policy. They may be logical, or may be based on physical location and
proximity.
Entity -- A subject, object, user or another IT device, which interacts with TOE objects, data, or
resources.
External IT entity -- Any trusted Information Technology (IT) product or system, outside of the
TOE, which may, in accordance with the TSP, perform an operation.
Identity -- A representation (e.g., a string) uniquely identifying an authorized user, which can
either be the full or abbreviated name of that user or a pseudonym.
Integrity -- A security policy pertaining to the corruption of data and TSF mechanisms.
Monitored Network – The collection of computer nodes and network infrastructure from which
an IASM collects operational and security events in order to detect security incidents.
Named Object -- An object that exhibits all of the following characteristics:
The object may be used to transfer information between subjects of differing user
identities within the TSF.
Subjects in the TOE must be able to request a specific instance of the object.
The name used to refer to a specific instance of the object must exist in a context that
potentially allows subjects with different user identities to request the same instance
of the object.
Non-Repudiation -- A security policy pertaining to providing one or more of the following:
To the sender of data, proof of delivery to the intended recipient,
To the recipient of data, proof of the identity of the user who sent the data.
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Object -- An entity within the TSC that contains or receives information and upon which subjects
perform operations.
Operating Environment -- The total environment in which a TOE operates. It includes the
physical facility and any physical, procedural, administrative and personnel controls.
Operating System (OS) – The software that provides the basic services for computer program
execution, persistent data storage management, and network data communications.
Peer TOEs -- Mutually authenticated TOEs that interact to enforce a common security policy.
Public Object -- An object for which the TSF unconditionally permits all entities “read” access.
Only the TSF or authorized administrators may create, delete, or modify the public objects.
Secure State -- Condition in which all TOE security policies are enforced.
Security attributes -- TSF data associated with subjects, objects, and users that is used for the
enforcement of the TSP.
Security Incident – A detected attack against the monitored network or IASM TSF
Subject -- An entity within the TSC that causes operations to be performed. Subjects can come
in two forms: trusted and untrusted. Trusted subjects are exempt from part or all of the TOE
security policies. Untrusted subjects are bound by all TOE security policies.
Threat -- Capabilities, intentions and attack methods of adversaries, or any circumstance or
event, with the potential to violate the TOE security policy.
Threat Agent - Any human user or Information Technology (IT) product or system which may
attempt to violate the TSP and perform an unauthorized operation with the TOE.
User -- Any entity (human user or external IT entity) outside the TOE that interacts with the
TOE. In the case of the Authorization Server protecting web resources, an “agent” acts on behalf
of a user. Therefore, the “user” never truly interacts with the TOE. The authorization server
software must have access to the “user’s” privilege attributes which are generally maintained in a
separate data storage (not part of the TOE).
Vulnerability -- A weakness that can be exploited to violate the TOE security policy.
1.5 Related Protection Profiles
Intrusion Detection System System Protection Profile, Version 1.5, dated 3/2005
1.6 Security Target Organization
Section 1, ST Introduction, provides the document management and overview information
necessary to identify the ST along with references to related PPs.
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Section 2, TOE Description, defines the TOE and establishes the context for the TOE security
environment.
Section 3, TOE Security Environment (TSE), describes the expected environment in which the
TOE is to be used. This section defines the set of threats that are relevant to the secure operation
of the TOE, organizational security policies with which the TOE must comply, and secure usage
assumptions applicable to this analysis.
Section 4, Security Objectives, defines the set of security objectives to be satisfied by the TOE
and by the TOE operating environment.
Section 5, IT Security Requirements, defines the security functional and assurance requirements
derived from CC Parts 2 and 3, respectively, that must be satisfied by the TOE, the TOE IT
environment, and the Non-IT environment.
Section 6, TOE Summary Specification, provides a brief description of the security-relevant
subsystems that comprise the TOE and shows how the Security Function Requirements from
Section 5 are allocated to those subsystems.
Section 7, Protection Profile Conformance Claims, identifies the protection profiles to which the
IASM is claiming conformance.
Section 8, Rationale, provides rationale to demonstrate that the security objectives satisfy the
threats and policies. This section also explains how the set of requirements are complete relative
to the security objectives. This section includes a dependency analysis, Strength of Function
(SOF) discussion, and rationale for the use of explicit requirements.
Section 9, References, provides background material for further investigation by users of the PP.
Section 10, Acronyms, provides a listing of acronyms used throughout the document.
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2 TOE DESCRIPTION
2.1 IASM Target Of Evaluation Definition and Overview
Under an SBIR contract with the US Navy Computer Network Defense program, Promia has
developed the IASM Suite, which integrates security countermeasures for security incident
detection, management, and response into the Navy network operations centers to which it is
deployed. The IASM Suite is an example of the relatively new class of Security Incident
Management System (SIMS) products that automatically collect, normalize, and analyze the
operational and security event logs of diverse kinds of security relevant devices on monitored
networks in order to detect security incidents that are only visible when data available from
multiple devices is considered. Having detected the incidents, the IASM Suite then identifies
candidate responses based on site-specific policies and provides a unified operator interface for
managing the incidents and responses. One of the goals of the SBIR program is to reduce the
lifecycle costs of technology by generalizing government-specific systems into generally
applicable commercial products. Along with this goal of commercializing the IASM Suite
technology comes the obligation to comply with the policy that US Government organizations
must favor the use of information assurance technologies that have been evaluated according to
the Common Criteria (ISO 15488).
The IASM TOE (Target Of Evaluation), therefore, is the general purpose Security Incident
Management Platform that provides the subset of IASM Suite functions that both are needed in
an enterprise-specific SIMS – such as the Navy-specific IASM Suite – and can be successfully
evaluated using the Common Criteria. One of the most important aspects of selecting the IASM
TOE was determining which IASM Suite functions could be specified and tested without
reference to detailed knowledge of a specific network. The set of functions chosen to comprise
the IASM TOE consist of the following:
 Dedicated, commodity, IASM TOE hardware running a security-hardened OS, the Java
Runtime Environment with Secure Socket Extensions, and CORBA middleware;
 A security incident management (SIM) repository that implements the abstractions
needed for a SIMS – specifically: events, assets, incidents, and responses;
 User interfaces for monitoring and operating upon information in the SIM repository;
 Interfaces that devices on the monitored network can use to submit potentially security-
relevant operational and security events to the IASM TOE for normalization and storage
into the SIM repository and redistribution to analytic engines;
 Interfaces – used by enterprise-specific SIMS analytic software components that are
outside the scope of IASM TOE – for registering an interest in redistributed events from
the monitored network and creating and managing detected security incidents;
 Interfaces for managing IASM TOE and site-specific SIMS software components;
 An identified set of SIMS roles and interfaces for managing those roles;
 Interfaces for managing and identifying and authenticating authorized SIMS users.
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The relative scopes of a complete SIMS (as represented by the IASM Suite developed
specifically for the US Navy) and the IASM TOE are shown in Figure 2-1 below. The scope of
the full SIMS is circumscribed by the large dashed box labeled Intelligent Agent Security
Manager Suite, while the IASM TOE is shown as the subset of IASM Suite components denoted
by double solid lined boxes.
IASM Network Security Event Sensor
IASM Enclave Master Server
Intelligent Agent Security Manager Suite
Operator,
Reporter,
or Analyst
Administrator
IASM Enclave Database Server
IASM Enclave Analytics Server
VLAN
Switch
IASM Console Server
Figure 2-1 – The IASM Conceptual Approach
With reference to Figure 2-1, the IASM TOE provides the functions described above as follows:
2.1.1 Commodity hardware with a Secure OS, JRE/JSSE, and a CORBA ORB
The IASM TOE hardware for each of the three components shown in Figure 2-1 is comprised of
a commodity motherboard designed to support dual AMD Opteron 64-bit processors. The
specific hardware used in the IASM TOE is specified below in section 2.2. Each hardware
component runs a secure operating system that is based on Suse Linux 9.0, but which has been
specialized for the IASM environment by eliminating extraneous software packages and using
operational settings that provide a much higher degree of self protection (than the standard
configuration) against both malicious local programs and network-based attackers. All IASM
software is written in Java and therefore uses the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 1.5,
including the JRE Secure Sockets Extensions (JSSE) implementation of the Secure Sockets layer
version 3 (SSLv3) protocol. Over the OS and JRE is layered distributed communications and
computing middleware that uses the CORBA Object Request Broker programming interfaces
and the OMG protocol that uses SSLv3 to provide confidentiality and integrity protection for
CORBA Internet Inter-ORB protocol messages (the SSL Inter-ORB protocol – SSLIOP) as the
foundation of a secure, transparent, and standards-based specification and implementation of the
IASM TOE external and internal programmatic interfaces.
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2.1.2 Security Incident Management (SIM) Repository
One of the components shown in Figure 2-1 is the IASM Enclave Database Server. The
hardware for this component consists of the standard motherboard, as well as 1-4 Terabytes of
hard disk storage capacity – enough for several months of operational and security event data –
and an optional tape storage system for archiving older contents of the IASM TOE database. The
more important aspect of the Database Server, though, is the security incident management data
model embodied in the security incident management (SIM) repository database schema.
2.1.3 Interfaces between the IASM TOE and devices on the monitored network
The IASM TOE does not exist in a vacuum, specifically, it requires sources of the operational
and security events that it analyzes to detect security incidents. The IASM TOE includes
CORBA-based interfaces through which it can accept operational and security event data from
devices on the monitored network.
2.1.4 Interfaces between the IASM TOE and Analytic Software Components
The IASM TOE specifically excludes analytic software components because the specification
and operation of such components is intrinsically dependent on the operational characteristics of
the monitored network and therefore cannot be effectively evaluated as a general-purpose
product. The IASM TOE does, however, include a specific set of interfaces that allow each
analytic engine deployed in a SIMS based on the IASM TOE both to receive copies of the events
received by the IASM TOE from devices on the monitored network and to create and update
incidents in the IASM TOE database. The strength of this architectural approach is that new
analytic components can be added and old ones removed as appropriate for the SIMS deployed
to each monitored network.
2.1.5 Interfaces for managing IASM TOE and associated SIMS software
components
The IASM TOE includes a set of programmatic interfaces that specifically allow it to monitor
the availability and operational health of running software components. All IASM TOE software
components implement these interfaces and can therefore be managed using to standard IASM
TOE tools and administrative user interfaces. In addition, any SIMS components that are outside
of the IASM TOE, but implement these interfaces, can also be managed along with the IASM
TOE components.
2.1.6 Identified SIMS Roles
The IASM TOE recognizes four roles that authorized users may assume and adjusts its behavior
and the information that it makes available based on the role assumed by the user. The four roles
are Administrator, Operator, Analyst, and Reporter. An Administrator performs initial
installation and configuration of the IASM system, as well as ongoing administrative tasks,
especially regular maintenance of the IASM operational and security settings and moves-adds-
changes of the hardware and software components of the IASM. An IASM Operator performs
ongoing monitoring of the network security, typically as a member of the network operations
staff, with a primary focus on monitoring the network for intrusions, identifying attacks as they
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occur, and taking corrective action. An IASM Analyst performs strategic and global network
traffic analysis, including specialized attacks such as low-and-slow. The Analyst performs
IASM functions associated with the analysis of intrusion attacks, post-attack forensic analysis
and development of new pattern specifications. An IASM Reporter is an administrative support
person (e.g., an executive officer) who prepares security situation awareness summary reports
pertaining to the monitored network for the senior IA management personnel.
2.1.7 Interfaces for User management and login
The IASM User Console provides a user interface for the Administrator role that includes
functions for creating, modifying, and deleting user profiles. Interfaces are also provided to allow
any user to change their authentication information.
With the exception of the user login dialog, all IASM TOE security functions require that users
first identify and authenticate themselves at the Console. This identification and authentication is
accomplished by requiring the user to enter both a user ID and a password, which are verified by
comparing them to user attributes already established and stored by the IASM Administrator. If
the user identity claimed is verified by the accompanying password the user is allowed to interact
with security relevant interfaces, subject to the constraints the role assigned to that user account.
If the user identity claimed is not verified by the accompanying password the user is simply
returned to the user login dialog. If the user login dialog detects three consecutive unsuccessful
login attempts, it enters a state in which it will refuse to accept any login attempts from any user
for the next 6 minutes, at the end of which it resets and again accepts login attempts.
2.1.8 User interfaces to the SIM Repository
The IASM User Console is the link between the IASM and the operations staff of the monitored
network. It consists of both the IASM Console Server – a Dell 1750 workstation running the
version of Windows XP that has been evaluated to conform to the Controlled Access PP security
requirements at EAL4 level of assurance – and the IASM user interface software components
described below. The User Console is attached to the IASM through the monitored network port
of the IASM Master Server. The primary User Console software component is the IASM Task
Bar application, which initiallydisplays user login dialog. Once a user is identified and
authenticated, the initial user interface is replaced by the appropriate task bar for the role
assumed by that user. The User Console has a specialized task bar for each of the IASM roles.
The IASM Operator Task Bar is the primary GUI application installed on the User Console and
is available to all authorized user: though the specific functions available on the task bar are
different according to the user’s role. As indicated by its name, the Operator Task Bar is used
primarily by a user acting as an IASM Operator to display the operational security status of the
monitored network in real time. In addition to the security status, the Operator Task Bar also
provides drill-down capabilities that can expose a tremendous amount of information about the
topology and vulnerabilities of the network being monitored. For this reason, it is absolutely
crucial that the Operator Task Bar only be available to authorized monitored network operations
personnel who are properly trained to use it and known to be trustworthy.
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A user who has assumed the Administrator role is also able to access the Administrator Task
Bar, which is the privileged interface between the IASM Administrator and the IASM. Like the
Operator Task Bar , the Administrator Task Bar is an IASM GUI application installed on the
User Console workstation. The Administrator Task Bar provides a unified interface to the IASM
functions for defining users, defining monitored network assets, defining filters for the events
that should be acquired from the Network Security Event Sensor (NSES) and other external
sensors, defining or viewing both operating and security policies, defining incident responses and
the appropriate conditions under which to suggest them, and viewing and managing the running
components of an IASM.
The User Console also has an Analyst Task Bar, which provides capabilities for more extensive
analysis of the Event data collected and stored by the IASM. Finally, the User Console has a
Reporter Task Bar that provides access to the restricted set of functions needed to perform the
Reporter tasks.
2.2 Evaluation Configuration
2.2.1 Included In the TOE Evaluation
The following table summarizes the categories of configuration items that comprise the
evaluated TOE. Since the IASM TOE is defined as a collection of appliances, the table includes
both software and hardware configuration items. The table also shows the IASM components
that are included in each category of configuration item.
Table 2-1 – TOE Software and Hardware Configuration Items
CI Categories IASM Components
IASM Master Server
Hardware components
• A dual Opteron (2-2.4Ghz) Motherboard, with 8-16
Gigabytes RAM, a single-channel 10/100Mb
Ethernet NIC, and a dual-channel GigE NIC
Software components
• Suse Linux Enterprise Server 9.0 Operating System
• IASM Version 1.2 Core Services
IASM Database Server
Hardware components
• A dual Opteron (2-2.4Ghz) Motherboard, with 8-16
Gigabytes RAM, a single-channel 10/100Mb
Ethernet NIC, and a dual-channel GigE NIC
• 5 250GB drives in RAID configuration
Software components
• Suse Linux Enterprise Server 9.0 Operating System
• IASM Multi-collector Agents
IASM Console Server
• A Dell 1750 workstation with Windows XP
Professional installed in the CC evaluated
configuration.
• IASM User Console SW (1 per Enclave Server)
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2.2.2 Excluded From the TOE Evaluation
The items listed below are specifically excluded from the TOE evaluation:
 The IASM Network Security Event Sensor (NSES) that performs Anomaly- and
Signature-based analysis of monitored network traffic to detect and send potentially
security-relevant events to the IASM and the additional forensic tools on the NSES that
allow an Analyst to conduct more extensive in-place analysis of the traffic surrounding
an NSES anomalous event.
 IASM SensorAgents that supply the events from various third party devices on the
monitored network that are received normalized, and stored by IASM;
 Sensor Agent filters – both raw and normalized;
 The IASM Enclave Analytic Server and analytic software components that monitor and
mine the stream of monitored network events to detect potential security incidents;
2.3 The IASM TOE Logical Boundary
The IASM TOE provides the following logical security functions:
 Protected External Communications, which provides the core capability for ensuring
that the IASM TOE only communicates with the external entities that it intends and
expects to communicate with;
 Protection of Security Functions, which provides the common self-protection
capabilities upon which the implementations of the other security functions rely;
 Security Functions Management, which provides the interface through which an IASM
Administrator establishes, monitors, and manages the security and operational
configuration of the IASM;
 User Identification & Authentication, which provides the identification, authentication,
and authentication secret (i.e., password) generation capabilities that provide a substantial
proportion of the technical and operational assurance in the security of the TOE;
 Security Information Consolidation, which both accepts, normalizes, stores, and
redistributes (to analytic software components) operational and security events from
devices on the monitored network and allows analytic software components to create,
modify, and store security incidents in the IASM TOE SIM repository;
 Security Incident Management, which provides the operational interface by which
IASM Operators are alerted to newly detected or changed security incidents and provided
with the tools to review and react to the incidents. The IASM_SIM subsystem also
provides the related interfaces with which the IASM Analysts and IASM Reporters can
accomplish their jobs.
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3 TOE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Assumptions
This section contains assumptions regarding the security environment and the intended usage of
the TOE. The specific conditions identified in Table 3-1 are assumed to exist at any site at
which an IASM product is installed.
Table 3-1 – TOE Assumptions
IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Intended Usage Assumptions
A.DYNMIC The TOE will be actively managed in a manner that allows it to
appropriately address changes in the IT System.
A.EVENTS The devices on the IT System that supply events to the TOE are
protected from attacks on their integrity and availability and are
designed and operated to correctly use the standard SSL/TLS
technologies for protecting the in-transit confidentiality of the
events they supply to the TOE.
A.ASCOPE The average quantity and rate of events generated by the IT
System being monitored fall within the specified capacity of the
TOE.
A.COMMS Adequate communications exist among the TOE components and
between the TOE components and the IT System components.
A.NETSEP The internal communications path between TOE components is
separated from the external communications path between the
TOE components and the IT System components using either
physical (separate network switches) or logical (VLANs within a
single network switch) techniques.
Physical Assumptions
A.PROTCT The TOE hardware and software critical to security policy
enforcement will be protected from unauthorized physical
modification.
A.LOCATE The processing resources of the TOE will be located within
controlled access facilities, which will prevent unauthorized
physical access.
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IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Personnel Assumptions
A.MANAGE There will be one or more competent individuals assigned to
manage the TOE and the security of the information it contains.
A.NOEVIL The authorized administrators are not careless, willfully
negligent, or hostile, and will follow and abide by the instructions
provided by the TOE documentation.
A.NOTRST The TOE can only be accessed by authorized users
3.2 Threats Addressed by the IASM TOE
Table 3-2 identifies the threats for the TOE and the IT Environment. The TOE itself has threats
and the TOE is also responsible for addressing threats to the environment in which it resides. The
assumed level of expertise of the attacker varies from unsophisticated to sophisticated.
Table 3-2 – TOE Threats
IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Threats to the TOE
T.COMINT An unauthorized user may attempt to change or delete the data
collected and produced by the TOE by bypassing a security
mechanism.
T.COMDIS An unauthorized user may attempt to disclose the data collected
and produced by the TOE by bypassing a security mechanism.
T.LOSSOF An unauthorized user may attempt to remove or destroy data
collected and produced by the TOE.
T.NOHALT An unauthorized user may attempt to compromise the continuity
of the TOE's operation by halting its execution.
T.PRIVIL An unauthorized user may gain access to the TOE and exploit
system privileges to gain access to TOE security functions and
data.
T.IMPCON An unauthorized user may inappropriately change the
configuration of the TOE causing potential intrusions to go
undetected.
T.INFLUX An unauthorized user may cause malfunction of the TOE by
creating an influx of data that the TOE cannot handle.
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IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
T.FACCNT Unauthorized attempts to access TOE data or security functions
may go undetected.
Threats to the IT System Monitored by the TOE
T.MISUSE Unauthorized accesses and activity indicative of misuse may
occur on an IT System the TOE monitors.
T.INADVE Inadvertent activity and access may occur on an IT System the
TOE monitors.
T.MISACT Malicious activity, such as introductions of Trojan horses and
viruses, may occur on an IT System the TOE monitors.
3.3 Organizational Security Policies
An organizational security policy is a set of rules, practices, and procedures imposed by an
organization to address its security needs. Table 3-3 includes the organizational security policies
that would indicate the need for a Security Incident Management System in an organization.
Table 3-3 – TOE Policies
IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
P.DETECT The TOE shall collect and store information from both the monitored
system – about events that could indicate inappropriate activity resulting
from misuse of, access to, or malicious activity on monitored system
assets – and the analytic engines – about probable security incidents
detected in the collected events.
P.RESPND The TOE shall provide mechanisms for setting security incident
response policies and displaying the policies that apply to detected
security incidents
P.MANAGE The TOE shall only be managed by authorized users.
P.ACCESS All data collected and produced by the TOE shall only be used for
authorized purposes.
P.ACCACT Users of the TOE shall be accountable for their actions within the
security incident management platform.
P.INTGTY Data collected and produced by the TOE shall be protected from
modification.
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IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
P.PROTCT The TOE shall be protected from unauthorized accesses and disruptions
of TOE data and functions.
P.USESTD To the maximum extent possible, both the IT System and the TOE shall
use networking and security technologies that are based on industry
open standards.
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4 SECURITY OBJECTIVES
This chapter describes the security objectives for the TOE and the TOE’s operating environment.
The security objectives are divided between TOE Security Objectives (i.e., security objectives
addressed directly by the TOE) and Security Objectives for the Operating Environment (i.e.,
security objectives addressed by the IT domain or by non-technical or procedural means).
The security objectives identify the responsibilities of the TOE and its environment in meeting
the security needs.
4.1 TOE Security Objectives
Table 4-1 defines the security objectives that are to be addressed by the IASM TOE.
Table 4-1 – TOE Security Objectives
IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
O.PROTCT
The TOE must protect itself from unauthorized
modifications of and access to its functions and data.
O.EVENTS
The TOE must collect and store information about all events
that might be useful for analysis of inappropriate activity that
may have resulted from misuse, access, or malicious activity
of IT System assets and the TOE.
O.INCDNT
The TOE must provide asset and event information to
external analysis components, from which it must then
collect and store information about past, present, or possible
future incidents that those components detect.
O.RESPON
The TOE must collect and store predefined responses to
detected incidents and rules for associating each response
with a detected incident.
O.EADMIN
The TOE must include a set of functions that allow effective
management of its functions and data.
O.ACCESS
The TOE must allow authorized users to access only
appropriate TOE functions and data.
O.IDAUTH
The TOE must be able to identify and authenticate users
prior to allowing access to TOE functions and data.
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IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
O.COMACC
The TOE must only communicate with external entities
accessing the TOE through the network connection to the
monitored network that can be positively and continuously
identified and authenticated.
O.COMCON
The TOE must protect all communications with external
entities accessing the TOE through the network connection
to the monitored network from disclosure to any other
external entities.
O.COMINT
The TOE must protect all communications with external
entities accessing the TOE through the network connection
to the monitored network from undetected modification or
destruction by any other external entities.
O.OFLOWS
The TOE must appropriately handle potential audit and
security incident management repository data storage
overflows.
O.AUDITS
The TOE must record audit records for data accesses and use
of the security incident management functions.
O.INTEGR
The TOE must ensure the integrity of all audit and security
incident management repository data.
4.2 TOE Environment Security Objectives
The TOE’s operating environment must satisfy the following objectives. These objectives do not
levy any IT requirements but are satisfied by procedural or administrative measures.
Table 4-2 – TOE Environment Security Objectives
IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
O.INSTAL
Those responsible for the TOE must ensure that the TOE is
delivered, installed, managed, and configured in accordance
with the security administrative guidance.
O.PHYCAL
Those responsible for the TOE must ensure that those parts
of the TOE critical to security policy are protected from any
physical attack.
O.CREDEN
Those responsible for the TOE must ensure that all access
credentials are protected by the users or authorized external
entities in a manner which is consistent with IT security.
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IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION
O.PERSON
Personnel working as authorized administrators shall be
carefully selected and trained for proper operation of the
System.
O.INTROP
Those responsible for the TOE must ensure that the external
entities with which the TOE intends and expects to
communicate use the same technology(s) as the TOE to
protect the communications.
O.SENSRS
Those responsible for the TOE must develop, install,
configure, and manage external entities that collect, buffer,
and send to the TOE events detected by sensors on the
monitored network.
O.ANALYZ
Those responsible for the TOE must develop, install,
configure, and manage external entities that analyze the
events collected from sensors on the monitored network to
detect security incidents and then send information about
those detected security incidents back to the TOE.
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5 IT SECURITY REQUIREMENTS
This section provides functional and assurance requirements that must be satisfied by a Security
Target-compliant TOE. If necessary, it also provides functional requirements the IT environment
must meet to deploy an IASM product in a secure manner to meet the policy objectives. These
requirements consist of functional components from Part 2 of the CC, augmented by explicitly
stated functional components that are unique to the IASM, and assurance components from Part
3 of the CC.
5.1 TOE Functional Security Requirements
This section identifies the functional (i.e., externally visible) behaviors that must be satisfied by
an IASM TOE. These requirements consist of functional components from CC Part 2 that are
incorporated into [IDSSYPP]. Table 5-1 summarizes the IASM Security Functional
Requirements.
Table 5-1 – TOE Security Functional Requirements
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY CLASS
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY
REQUIREMENT COMPONENTS
Security Audit, Audit Data Generation FAU_GEN.1
Security Audit, Audit Review FAU_SAR.1
Security Audit, Restricted Audit Review FAU_SAR.2
Security Audit, Selectable Audit Review FAU_SAR.3
Security Audit, Guarantees of Audit Data Availability FAU_STG.2
Security Audit, Prevention of Audit Loss FAU_STG.4
Identification & Authentication, Authentication Failure Handling FIA_AFL.1
Identification & Authentication, User Attribute Definition FIA_ATD.1
Identification & Authentication, TSF Generation of Secrets FIA_SOS.2
Identification & Authentication, Timing of Authentication FIA_UAU.1
Identification & Authentication, Timing of Identification FIA_UID.1
Security Management, Management of Security Functions
Behavior
FMT_MOF.1
Security Management, Management of TSF data FMT_MTD.1
Security Management, Specification of Management Functions FMT_SMF.1
Security Management, Security Roles FMT_SMR.1
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FUNCTIONAL SECURITY CLASS
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY
REQUIREMENT COMPONENTS
Protection of TSF Functions, Non-Bypassability of the TSP FPT_RVM.1
Protection of TSF Functions, TSF Domain Separation FPT_SEP.1
Protection of TSF Functions, Reliable Time Stamps FPT_STM.1
Trusted Path/Channels, Inter-TSF Trusted Channel FTP_ITC.1
5.1.1 FAU_GEN.1 Audit Data Generation
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_GEN.1.1: The TSF shall be able to generate an audit record of the following auditable
events:
a. Start- up and shutdown of the audit functions;
b. All auditable events for the basic level of audit; and
c. [Access to the TSF.]
Table 5-2 – Auditable Events for the Basic Level of Audit
Component Event Details
FAU_GEN.1 Start-up and shutdown of audit functions
FAU_GEN.1 Access to TSF
FAU_SAR.1 Reading of information from the audit records
FAU_SAR.2
Unsuccessful attempts to read information
from the audit records
FIA_UAU.1 All use of the authentication mechanism User identity, location
FIA_UID.1 All use of the user identification mechanism User identity, location
FMT_MOF.1
All modifications in the behavior of the
functions of the TSF
FMT_MTD.1 All modifications to the values of TSF data
FMT_SMR.1
Modifications to the group of users that are
part of a role
User identity
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FAU_GEN.1.2: The TSF shall record within each audit record at least the following information:
a. Date and time of the event, type of event, subject identity, and the outcome (success
or failure) of the event; and
b. For each audit event type, based on the auditable event definitions of the functional
components included in the ST, [the additional information specified in the Details
column of Table 5-2 – Auditable Events for the Basic Level of Audit].
Dependencies: FPT_STM.1 Reliable time stamps
5.1.2 FAU_SAR.1 Audit Review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_SAR.1.1: The TSF shall provide [IASM Administrators, IASM Reporters] with the
capability to read [all information] from the audit records.
FAU_SAR.1.2: The TSF shall provide the audit records in a manner suitable for the user to
interpret the information.
Dependencies: FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
5.1.3 FAU_SAR.2 Restricted Audit Review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_SAR.2.1: The TSF shall prohibit all users read access to the audit records, except those
users that have been granted explicit read-access.
Dependencies: FAU_SAR.1 Audit review
5.1.4 FAU_SAR.3 Selectable Audit Review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_SAR.3.1 (1): The TSF shall provide the ability to perform searches of audit data based on
[date and time of event, IASM subject identity, type of event, and result of event].
FAU_SAR.3.1 (2): The TSF shall provide the ability to perform sorting of audit data based on
[date and time of event, IASM subject identity, type of event, and result of event].
FAU_SAR.3.1 (3): The TSF shall provide the ability to perform ordering of audit data based on
[date and time of event, IASM subject identity, type of event, and result of event].
Dependencies: FAU_SAR.1 Audit review
5.1.5 FAU_STG.2 Guarantees of Audit Data Availability
Hierarchical to: FAU_STG.1
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FAU_STG.2.1: The TSF shall protect the stored audit records from unauthorized deletion.
FAU_STG.2.2: The TSF shall be able to detect unauthorized modifications to the audit records
in the audit trail.
FAU_STG.2.3 (1): The TSF shall ensure that [all] audit records will be maintained when the
following conditions occur: audit storage exhaustion.
FAU_STG.2.3 (2): The TSF shall ensure that [all] audit records will be maintained when the
following conditions occur: attack.
Dependencies: FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
5.1.6 FAU_STG.4 Prevention of Audit Data Loss
Hierarchical to: FAU_STG.3
FAU_STG.4.1 The TSF shall prevent auditable events, except those taken by the authorized user
with special rights if the audit trail is full.
Dependencies: FAU_STG.1 Protected audit trail storage (Actually satisfied by FAU_STG.2,
which is hierarchical to FAU_STG.1, in this ST))
5.1.7 FIA_AFL.1 Authentication Failure Handling
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FIA_AFL.1.1 The TSF shall detect when [3] unsuccessful authentication attempts occur related
to [user logon or change of user at the User Console].
FIA_AFL.1.2 When the defined number of unsuccessful authentication attempts have been met
or surpassed, the TSF shall [prevent any attempts to use the authentication facility at the User
Console for 6 minutes].
Dependencies: FIA_UAU.1 Timing of authentication
5.1.8 FIA_ATD.1 User Attribute Definition
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FIA_ATD.1.1: The TSF shall maintain the following list of security attributes belonging to
individual users: [user identity, IASM role, authentication data].
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.9 FIA_SOS.2 TSF Generation of secrets
Hierarchical to: No other components.
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FIA_SOS.2.1: The TSF shall provide a mechanism to generate secrets that meet [at least the
minimum quality implicit in the rules summarized in Section 6.6.3].
FIA_SOS.2.2: The TSF shall be able to enforce the use of TSF generated secrets for [all user
authentication].
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.10 FIA_UAU.1 Timing of Authentication
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FIA_UAU.1.1: The TSF shall allow [no actions] on behalf of the user to be performed before the
user is authenticated.
FIA_UAU.1.2: The TSF shall require each user to be successfully authenticated before allowing
any other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that user.
Dependencies: FIA_UID.1 Timing of identification
5.1.11 FIA_UID.1 Timing of Identification
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FIA_UID.1.1: The TSF shall allow [no actions] on behalf of the user to be performed before the
user is identified.
FIA_UID.1.2: The TSF shall require each user to be successfully identified before allowing any
other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that user.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.12 FMT_MOF.1 Management of Security Functions Behavior
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FMT_MOF.1.1: The TSF shall restrict the ability to determine the behavior of, disable, enable,
or modify the behavior of the functions of [audit record consolidation and security incident
reaction] to [IASM Administrators].
Dependencies: FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions,
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles
5.1.13 FMT_MTD.1 Management of TSF data
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FMT_MTD.1.1: The TSF shall restrict the ability to change_default, query, modify, and delete
[all mutable TSF data] to [the IASM Administrator].
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Dependencies: FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions,
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles
5.1.14 FMT_SMF.1 Specification of Management Functions
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FMT_SMF.1.1 The TSF shall be capable of performing the following security management
functions: [modify system data collection behavior; modify system incident reaction behavior;
and define, modify, and delete authorized user profiles].
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.15 FMT_SMR.1 Security Roles
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FMT_SMR.1.1: The TSF shall maintain the roles: [IASM Administrator, IASM Operator, IASM
Analyst, and IASM Reporter].
FMT_SMR.1.2: The TSF shall be able to associate users with roles.
Dependencies: FIA_UID.1 Timing of identification
5.1.16 FPT_RVM.1 Non-Bypassability of the TSP
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FPT_RVM.1.1: The TSF shall ensure that TSP enforcement functions are invoked and succeed
before each function within the TSC is allowed to proceed.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.17 FPT_SEP.1 TSF Domain Separation
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FPT_SEP.1.1: The TSF shall maintain a security domain for its own execution that protects it
from interference and tampering by untrusted subjects.
FPT_SEP.1.2: The TSF shall enforce separation between the security domains of subjects in the
TSC.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.18 FPT_STM.1 Reliable Time Stamps
Hierarchical to: No other components.
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FPT_STM.1.1: The TSF shall be able to provide reliable time stamps for its own use.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.1.19 FTP_ITC.1 Inter-TSF trusted channel
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FTP_ITC.1.1 The TSF shall provide a communication channel between itself and a remote
trusted IT product that is logically distinct from other communication channels and provides
assured identification of its end points and protection of the channel data from modification or
disclosure.
FTP_ITC.1.2(1) The TSF shall permit the TSF to initiate communication via the trusted channel.
FTP_ITC.1.2(2) The TSF shall permit the remote trusted IT product to initiate communication
via the trusted channel.
FTP_ITC.1.3 The TSF shall initiate communication via the trusted channel for [all
communications with external entities].
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.2 TOE Environment Functional Security Requirements
This Security Target does not impose any Functional Security Requirements drawn from CC Part
2 on the TOE Environment.
5.3 Explicitly Stated TOE Functional Security Requirements
This section identifies the functional (i.e., externally visible) behaviors that are specific to a
platform for security incident management systems and must therefore be satisfied by the IASM
TOE. These requirements consist of explicitly stated functional components that have been
adapted from [IDSSYPP], with some reference to the CC Part 2 FAU class. Table 5-3
summarizes these explicitly stated Security Requirements.
Table 5-3 – Explicitly Stated TOE Security Functional Requirements
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY CLASS
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY
REQUIREMENT COMPONENTS
IDS System, System Data Collection IDS_SDC_(EXP).1
IDS System, Analyzer React IDS_RCT_(EXP).1
IDS System, Restricted SIM repositoryData Review IDS_RDR_(EXP).1
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FUNCTIONAL SECURITY CLASS
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY
REQUIREMENT COMPONENTS
IDS System, Guarantee of SIM repository Data Availability IDS_STG_(EXP).1
IDS System, Prevention of SIM repository data loss IDS_STG_(EXP).2
5.3.1 IDS_SDC_(EXP).1 System Data Collection
Hierarchical to: No other components.
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1.1 The System shall be able to collect the following information from the
targeted IT System resource(s) and external security incident detection analysis components
and consolidate it into a unified security incident management repository:
a. Start-up and shutdown, service requests, security configuration changes;
b. [Suspected security attack events detected by devices among the targeted IT System
resource(s)];
c. [Suspected security incidents detected by an external security incident detection
analysis component].
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1.2 At a minimum, the System shall collect and record the following
information:
a. Date and time of the event, type of event, subject (i.e., the targeted IT System
resource that generated the event or the external security incident detection
analysis component that detected the incident) identity, and the outcome (success
or failure) of the event; and
b. The following additional context-specific information:
1. Service Requests shall include: Specific service, apparent initiator, apparent target
2. Security configuration changes shall include: Apparent initiator, configuration
parameter(s) being changed, and new configuration value(s);
3. Suspected security attack events shall include: Information identifying the
suspected security attack event;
4. Detected security incidents shall include: Information identifying the
suspected security incident and the list of monitored system events in which
the incident was detected.
Dependencies: FPT_STM.1 Reliable Time Stamps,
FTP_ITC.1 Inter-TSF trusted channel
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5.3.2 IDS_RCT_(EXP).1 Analyzer React
Hierarchical to: No other components.
IDS_RCT_(EXP).1.1 The System shall send an alarm to [IASM Operator and IASM Analyst
console(s) that are initiated before the alarm has been acknowledged] and take [action to display
a message identifying the potential security incident, make accessible the security attack event
data in which the incident was detected, and list potential responses deduced from the System
response policies in effect] when a security incident is detected.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.3.3 IDS_RDR_(EXP).1 Restricted SIM repository Data Review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1.1 The System shall provide [IASM Operators, IASM Analysts, and IASM
Reporters] with the capability to read [suspected security attack events and detected security
incidents] from the unified security incident management repository data.
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1.2 The System shall provide the unified security incident management
repository data in a manner suitable for the user to interpret the information.
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1.3 The System shall prohibit all users read access to the unified security
incident management repository data, except those users that have been granted explicit read-
access.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.3.4 IDS_STG_(EXP).1 Guarantee of SIM repository Data Availability
Hierarchical to: No other components.
IDS_STG_(EXP).1.1 The System shall protect the stored unified security incident
management repository data from unauthorized deletion.
IDS_STG_(EXP).1.2 The System shall protect the stored unified security incident
management repository data from modification.
IDS_STG_(EXP).1.3 The System shall ensure that [all] stored unified security incident
management repository data will be maintained when the following conditions occur: unified
security incident management repository data storage exhaustion or attack on the storage
mechanism.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.3.5 IDS_STG_(EXP).2 Prevention of SIM repository data loss
Hierarchical to: No other components.
IDS_STG_(EXP).2.1 The System shall prevent System data collection actions, except those
taken by the authorized user with special rights to archive and delete data in the unified
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security incident management repository and send an alarm if the storage capacity of the
unified security incident management repository has been reached.
Dependencies: No dependencies
5.4 Other Explicitly Stated TOE Functional Security Requirements
There are no additional explicitly stated Security Requirements for the TOE.
5.5 Explicitly Stated Security Requirements for the TOE Environment
Table 5-4: Explicitly Stated Security Requirements for the TOE Environment
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY CLASS
FUNCTIONAL SECURITY
REQUIREMENT COMPONENTS
IDS System, Analyzer analysis IDS_ANL_(EXP).1
5.5.1 IDS_ANL_(EXP).1 Analyzer analysis
IDS_ANL.1.1 The external security incident detection analysis components integrated with
the System shall perform the following analysis function(s) on all IDS security attack event
data received:
a. Statistical- and signature- based analysis of the security attack event data in the
context of the specific network being monitored.
IDS_ANL.1.2 The external security incident detection analysis components integrated with
the System shall record within each analytical result (i.e., detected security incident) at least
the following information:
a. Date and time of the result, type of result, identification of data source (i.e., the
external security incident detection analysis component that detected the
incident); and
b. [A list of the IDS security attack events that caused the incident to be detected].
5.6 Strength of TOE Security Function Claims
The IASM TOE shall provide an overall Strength of Security Function (SOF) of SOF-Basic. To
attain this overall SOF, the following specific requirements that necessarily rely on probabilistic
or permutational mechanisms shall each meet, or exceed, the stated requirement-specific SOF
level:
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Table 5-5 – Strength of Function Claims
Security Requirement Required SOF
FIA_SOS.2 & FIA_UAU.1 SOF-Basic
5.7 TOE Security Assurance Requirements
The TOE assurance requirements for this ST are EAL3+, where the plus is comprised of
additional requirements for Flaw Remediation and Life Cycle Definition. All assurance
requirements are enumerated in the table below.
Table 5-6 – EAL3+ Assurance Requirements Summary
Assurance Class Assurance Component
ACM_CAP.3 Authorization controls
Configuration
Management
(ACM) ACM_SCP.1 TOE CM coverage
ADO_DEL.1 Delivery procedures
Delivery and
Operation
(ADO) ADO_IGS.1 Installation generation and start-up procedures
ADV_FSP.1 Informal functional specification
ADV_HLD.2 Security enforcing high-level design
Development
(ADV)
ADV_RCR.1 Informal correspondence demonstration
AGD_ADM.1 Administrator guidance
Guidance
Documents
(AGD) AGD_USR.1 User guidance
ALC_DVS.1 Identification of security measures
*ALC_FLR.2 Flaw Remediation: Flaw Reporting Procedures
Life Cycle Support
(ALC)
*ALC_LCD.1 Life Cycle Definition: Developer Defined Life-Cycle Model
ATE_COV.2 Analysis of coverage
ATE_DPT.1 Testing: high-level design
ATE_FUN.1 Functional testing
Tests
(ATE)
ATE_IND.2 Independent testing – sample
AVA_MSU.1 Examination of guidance
AVA_SOF.1 Strength of TOE security function evaluation
Vulnerability
Assessment
(AVA)
AVA_VLA.1 Developer vulnerability analysis
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6 TOE SUMMARY SPECIFICATION
This chapter describes the TOE security functions and associated assurance measures.
Sections 6.1 through 6.6 each describe one of the TOE Security Functions (TSF). The
description for each TSF consists of a detailed account of how the TSF specifically satisfies each
ofthe security function requirements that have been allocated to it. This serves to both describe
the security functions and rationalize that the security functions are suitable to satisfy the
necessary requirements.
Section 6.7 describes the assurance measures that are used to satisfy the security assurance
requirements.
6.1 TSF_PEC: Protected External Communications
6.1.1 FTP_ITC.1 Inter-TSF trusted channel
All information that is transmitted between the TOE and an Authorized External Entity – i.e., an
entity accessing the TOE through the network connection to the monitored network and with
which the TOE intends and expects to communicate securely – is protected from both disclosure
and modification by using SSL version 3.0 as implemented in the standard Java Secure Sockets
Extension implementation provided with the Java Runtime Environment version 1.5. The
disclosure protection is accomplished by the symmetric encryption of the data being transferred
using either the DESede (aka, Triple DES – defined in US FIPS-46-3) or AES (defined in US
FIPS-197) ciphers and a per connection key generated as part of the SSLv3 protocol. The
modification protection is accomplished by the use of the HMAC (Hashed Message
Authentication Code – defined by IETF RFC2104) that is incorporated into the SSLv3 record
transfer protocol.
6.2 TSF_PSF: Protection of Security Functions
6.2.1 FAU_GEN.1 Audit Data Generation
The IASM User Console maintains an activity log of all I&A or administrative actions
performed through the User Console. Each activityLog event record is comprised of the
following fields:
 created: The timestamp of the event.
 userId: The user identifier.
 type: The type of activity. See below.
 what: A short description of the activity.
 sigValue: A check sum of the record.
The Type field can take on the following values:
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 1: Logged on
 2: Logged on and DoD PKI authenticated
 3: Logged off
 5: Invalid Logon
 7: InfoCon level change
 10: Process change
 12: Sensor agent controller change
 20: Administration change
 30: Password Generation
 31: Password Changed
 42: activityLog report generated
With the Types identified above, the activityLog is able to address all of the event types called
out in Table 5-2 – Auditable Events for the Basic Level of Audit, except for the start up and shut
down of the audit facility. That event type is handled separately by the underlying operating
system component of the IASM, which is configured to log the creation and destruction of all
processes, including those that execute the User Console software.
6.2.2 FPT_RVM.1 Non-Bypassability of the TSP
User Bypass of the TSP
The only way that users can access the IASM is through the User Console. As stated in
assumption A.NOTRST (in section 3.1), only trusted users are allowed to access the User
Console and they must first successfully authenticate themselves to the IASM before they are
able to take any actions that can view or modify the TSF. No actions are allowed on the IASM
TOE until after successful authentication, and the allowed actions are determined by the assigned
user role. In addition, a trusted user (minimally, the IASM Administrator) must also log into
underlying User Console OS (Windows XP Professional) before the User Console software can
be started.
External Entity Bypass of the TSP
The IASM TOE is usually located, both logically and physically, deep inside the protected
perimeter of the monitored network. This has the first order effect of limiting the access that true
external entities might have to the IASM TOE. In addition, the IASM TOE is configured to not
respond as a network device to any network packets except those that are part of an SSL
connection originating from known Authorized External Entities. This is implemented with the
intrinsic packet firewall features of the Suse Linux OS used in the IASM TOE Master and
DBServer components.
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The User Console is protected from external attempts to bypass the TSP primarily by the security
features of the Console Server Operating System.
Malicious or Flawed Software Bypass of the TSP
In addition to all of the protection provided by careful network configuration, the IASM has also
been designed so that neither maliciously subverted nor non-malicious, but flawed, IASM
software components are able to circumvent the TSP. This is accomplished through the use of
dedicated hardware components running operating system software (Windows XP Professional
for the User Console and Suse Linux Enterprise Server v9 for everything else) that has been
evaluated to the EAL4 level of assurance against CC STs that include the FPT_RVM.1 security
function requirement. Building upon this solid technical foundation, the IASM TOE software
components are designed and implemented such that they only transfer control and data across
process and network node boundaries using well defined middleware (i.e., CORBA). Since the
IASM software components have been partitioned so that most aspects of the TSP are enforced
through the cooperation of two or more software components, the complexity of bypassing the
TSP through intentional compromise of software components is rendered much more difficult.
6.2.3 FPT_SEP.1 TSF Domain Separation
The IASM architecture incorporates three levels of domain separation to provide protection
against both external and internal threats. The coarsest level of domain separation is provided by
the use of independent network nodes for critical subsystems within the TOE: specifically, the
Master server for interaction with Authorized External Entities, the DBServer server for the SIM
Repository, and the User Console for Audit review and security management functions. This
level of separation is enforced by the components being physically disjoint and logically
connected only through the TCP/IP protocol and augmented by the exclusive use of SSL
connections among the TOE network nodes.
A medium level of domain separation is provided within the Master and DBServer components
by using of multiple physical processors in each appliance. This level of separation allows
related collections of software components within that component to be segregated in almost the
same way as among the components, but without the additional protection from SSL.
The finest-grained level of domain separation is provided by the process abstraction of the CC-
evaluated operating systems used by the IASM subsystems. By running each software subsystem
in a separate process, the IASM is able to enforce a very fine-grain level of separation among the
software components. This process-level separation is reinforced through the extensive use of
CORBA IIOP as the mechanism for inter-process communication among most of the software
components.
6.2.4 FPT_STM.1 Reliable Time Stamps
All hardware components (Master, DBServer, and Console) of each IASM TOE include
hardware clocks that have been synchronized during the manufacturing process. These clocks are
accessed via operating system software (Windows XP Professional for the User Console and
Suse Linux Enterprise Server v9 for everything else) that has been evaluated to the EAL4 level
of assurance against CC STs that include the FPT_STM.1 security function requirement. In
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addition, all IASM software components that must share a synchronized perception of time
implement an application-layer protocol that compensates for differences in the time reported by
local and remote clocks. This is supported by the incorporation of time coordination fields in the
protocols used between those components.
6.3 TSF_SFM: Security Function Management
6.3.1 FMT_MOF.1 Management of Security Functions Behavior and
FMT_MTD.1 Management of TSF data
With the exception of the user login dialog, all IASM security functions require that users first
identify and authenticate themselves at the User Console. More specifically, only a user who has
authenticated into the Administrator role is provided with the user interface to the administrative
management functions, among which are the capabilities to “determine, disable, enable, or
modify the behavior of the functions of [audit record consolidation, security incident detection
analysis, and security incident reaction]”. Likewise, only the Administrator user interface
provides access to the capabilities to “change_default, query, modify, and delete [all mutable
TSF data]”.
6.3.2 FMT_SMF.1 Specification of Management Functions
The IASM provides interfaces that allow users to perform the following actions:
 Modify policies, including which events are detected, whether incidents are created for
each event detected, and how the system will react when events are detected;
 Configure and tune the operational of parameters of running IASM components; and
 Manage the profiles for authorized users of the system.
6.3.3 FMT_SMR.1 Security Roles
The Security Function Management TSF implements the four security roles identified below.
The IASM User Console login process associates one or more of these four roles with each
identified and authenticated user. The IASM Administrator assigns the role or roles that will be
associated with each user during the login process.
 Administrator: All functions. Administrators must manage themselves, as well as read,
modify, delete and push policy. Administrators can also administer other administrators
and their roles as part of adding, maintaining, and deleting users and role assignments.
 Operator: All functions related to managing security incidents, including generating pre-
defined reports.
 Analyst: All Operator functions, as well as additional ones related to conducting more
detailed analysis of the incidents.
 Reporter: All functions related to defining, running, and schedule periodic runs of
reports.
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6.4 TSF_SIC: Security Information Consolidation
6.4.1 IDS_SDC_(EXP).1 System Data Collection
The IASM presents a collection of interfaces by which a standard software component deployed
to appropriate sensor devices on the monitored network is able to download and initialize the
appropriate Sensor Agent for each sensor, allow that sensor agent to identify itself and download
operating parameters, allow the IASM to monitor and manage the Sensor Agent, and (most
importantly) accept the events generated by the sensor device for normalization into a common
format and distribution to both the IASM SIM Repository and external analytic engines.
Likewise, the same interfaces are used to bootstrap, configure, and manage the external analytic
engines as well as distribute events received from sensor agents to and accept detected incidents
back from the analytic engines. The foundation for the Security Information Consolidation TSF,
however, is the security incident management (SIM) repository that implements the abstractions
needed for a SIMS – specifically: events, assets, incidents, and responses.
6.4.2 FAU_STG.2 Guarantees of Audit Data Availability and
IDS_STG_(EXP).1 Guarantee of System Data Availability
All IASM internal audit and System data is stored into the central SIM Repository. The contents
of the Repository are then only disclosed to identified, authenticated, and authorized human
users via the User Console. The Repository is specifically configured so that its internal audit
and System data contents cannot be directly modified from the User Console. Taken together,
these measures ensure that the internal audit and System data is always available to the human
users with a verified need to see and act upon the internal audit and System data.
Further there is no TSF interface to disable audit or delete or modify audit records; however,
there does exist an ability to back up and restore these audit logs. The internal audit function
starts automatically when the TOE is installed. Once recorded, internal audit data cannot be
modified or deleted except by direct manipulation of the underlying reporistory mechanism. The
only TSF interfaces to the audit mechanism allow the creation of an audit log, viewing audit
information, and copy the audit information to another media for back-up and restore purposes.
The TSF ensures that [all already recorded] system events are maintained in the event of TOE
failure, direct attack against the TSF attack, or storage exhaustion of the repository mechanism.
Audit data storage exhaustion can occur if the disk space allocated to the repository exceeds the
storage allowed. If this unlikely event occurs, an alarm is triggered and an administrator must
backup the internal audit and System alert tables. To prevent inadvertent audit data storage
exhaustion, an IASM Administrative documentation instructed site Administrators to set a
schedule by which audit and alert information is periodically saved to some form of external
media.
6.4.3 FAU_STG.4 Prevention of Audit Loss and
IDS_STG_(EXP).2 Prevention of System Data Loss
As described above, all internal audit and System data is stored into a unified IASM repository.
The storage allocated to the IASM repository ranges from 1-4 Terabytes in order to provide 60-
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120 days of storage for internal audit and System data. Especially for the internal audit, there is
very little chance that storage would be exceeded. In the event that the repository storage is
exceeded, the default system behavior is to halt all processing until the IASM Administrator
backs up and removes the oldest internal audit and System data from the repository.
6.5 TSF_SIM: Security Incident Management
6.5.1 FAU_SAR.1 Audit Review,
FAU_SAR.2 Restricted Audit Review, and
FAU_SAR.3 Selectable Audit Review
Access to the IASM activityLog, which contains the record of all security relevant events
performed by IASM users, is only possible by generating a report from the the User Console.
The authority to access the activityLog records and therefore generate the report is only given to
the IASM Administrator. Like all IASM reports, an extensive set of selection and sorting criteria
can be used to acquire the relevant activityLog data, which can then be presented in the way
desired by the Administrator.
6.5.2 IDS_RCT_(EXP).1 Analyzer React
The IASM includes a Response component that monitors all security incidents that are generated
and inserted into the IASM repository by the external Analysis Engines and, based on policies
configured by the IASM Administrator, decides on potential reactions. By default, the candidate
reactions are presented to security personnel for their final decision and implementation.
Examples of candidate reactions include simple e-mail notifications, defensive adjustments to
sensors, or offensive measures against a source. The results of these actions, as documented by
the human users, are then stored in an incident history log for future review. This same log also
stores user interactions done within the incident management GUI component.
6.5.3 IDS_RDR_(EXP).1 Restricted Data Review
The IASM User Console provides the operational interface by which IASM Operators are alerted
to newly detected or changed security incidents and provided with the tools to review and react
to the incidents. The User Console also provides the interfaces with which the IASM Analysts
and IASM Reporters can accomplish their jobs. All IASM data is protected from disclosure to
and modification by any person who is not an authorized user of the IASM acting in one of the
four identified IASM roles.
The ultimate goal of the IASM Security Incident Detection function is to ensure that Operators
of the monitored network are made aware of the Security Incidents that are occurring on the
monitored network and provided with enough time and information to react before any (or much)
damage is done. The primary IASM component that implements this capability is the Response
Engine, which monitors the Incidents that have been detected for ones with threat metrics that
exceed an Administrator-defined threshold. When such an Incident is generated, the Response
Engine first identifies one or more Administrator-defined candidate response actions that would
mitigate damage from the identified incident. The Response Engine then forwards the Incident
and candidate responses on to the User Console Operator GUI to for display to the monitored
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network Operators for review and action. The Operator Console component also provides a
subset of its functions to IASM users who have logged in with the IASM Reporter role and a
superset of its functions IASM users who have logged in with the IASM Analyst role.
6.6 TSF_UIA: User Identification & Authentication
6.6.1 FIA_UAU.1 Timing of Authentication,
FIA_UID.1 Timing of Identification, and
FIA_AFL.1 Authentication Failure Handling
With the exception of the user login dialog and viewing the Tactical Incident Summary of open
incidents detected by the IASM, all IASM security functions require that users first identify and
authenticate themselves at the User Console. This identification and authentication is
accomplished by requiring the user to enter both a user ID and a password, which are verified by
comparing them to user attributes already established and stored by the IASM Administrator. If
the user identity claimed is verified by the accompanying password the user is allowed to interact
with security relevant interfaces, subject to the constraints the role assigned to that user account.
If the user identity claimed is not verified by the accompanying password the user is simply
returned to the user login dialog. If the user login dialog detects three consecutive unsuccessful
login attempts, it enters a state in which it will refuse to accept any login attempts from any user
for the next 6 minutes, at the end of which it resets and again accepts login attempts.
6.6.2 FIA_ATD.1 User Attribute Definition
User accounts in the TOE have the following attributes: login id (identification data), password
(authentication data), and assigned role (role association data).
6.6.3 FIA_SOS.2 TSF Generation of Secrets
An IASM Administrator creating a new user account and an existing user who is changing his or
her password must use the IASM strong password generation facility. The facility forces the user
to generate and select a password that satisfies the following rules:
1. The password shall be 8-200 ASCII characters in length.
2. The password shall contain four categories of English characters, including:
 Upper case,
 Lower case,
 Numerals, and
 Special ASCII symbols
(~, `, !, @, #, $, %, ^, &, *, (, ), _, +, -, =, [, ], {, }, \, |, ;, : ", ', ,, ., <, >, ?, /)
3. The password shall have at least one special ASCII symbol character in the second through
sixth position.
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4. The password should appear as a sequence of random letters, numbers, and symbols. The
password shall include all four different categories of characters (note in “2.” above) and
shall contain no repeated characters.
5. The password shall withstand a Dictionary Attack or Brute Force Attack, as opposed to using
a password from a pre-built list.
6. A Strong Password shall be randomly generated to assign an initial logon password to new
authorized users. Upon successful initial logon the IASM system shall require the user to
change the password to a new Strong Password.
7. The password SHALL NOT:
 Contain ANY PART of a user logon id,
 Use any actual word or name in ANY language,
 Use numbers in place of similar letters,
 Reuse any portion of a previous user password,
 Use consecutive letters or numbers like "abcdefg" or "234567",
 Use adjacent keys on your keyboard like "qwerty", and/or
 Use the same user password, or previous 10 passwords.
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6.7 Implementation of the IASM Security Assurance Requirements
Table 6-1 – Mapping of EAL3+ Assurance Requirements to TOE Assurance Measures
Assurance Component Approach To Meeting The Requirement
ACM_CAP.3: Authorization
controls
The vendor has provided the Configuration Management Plan and Configuration Items List,
which describe the configuration management process used for development of the IASM
TOE.
ACM_SCP.1: TOE CM
coverage
The vendor has provided the Configuration Management Plan and Configuration Items List,
which describe the configuration management system used for development of the IASM
TOE.
ADO_DEL.1: Delivery
procedures
The vendor has provided the Configuration Management Plan, which describes the normal
IASM TOE delivery procedures.
ADO_IGS.1: Installation
generation and start-up
procedures
The vendor has provided the IASM Operations Manual, which describes the procedures for
initial intallation and configuration of the IASM TOE.
ADV_FSP.1: Informal
functional specification
The vendor has provided design documentation that includes the required informal functional
specification.
ADV_HLD.2: Security enforcing
high-level design
The vendor has provided design documentation that includes the required security enforcing
high-level design.
ADV_RCR.1: Informal
correspondence demonstration
The vendor has provided design documentation that includes the required informal
correspondence demonstration.
AGD_ADM.1: Administrator
guidance
The vendor has provided the User Console Manual documentation.
AGD_USR.1: User guidance The vendor has provided the User Console Manual documentation.
ALC_DVS.1: Identification of
security measures
The vendor has provided the Configuration Management Plan describing the IASM TOE
development practices.
ALC_FLR.2: Flaw
Remediation: Flaw Reporting
Procedures
The vendor has provided the Configuration Management Plan, which describes the IASM
TOE security flaw remediation process.
ALC_LCD.1: Life Cycle
Definition: Developer Defined
Life-Cycle Model
The vendor has provided the Configuration Management Plan, which describes the IASM
TOE development practices.
ATE_COV.2: Analysis of
coverage
The vendor has provided documentation for analysis of the IASM TOE functional security
testing coverage.
ATE_DPT.1: Testing: high-level
design
The vendor has provided documentation for testing of the high level design for the TSFs.
ATE_FUN.1: Functional testing
The vendor has provided documentation describing the functional security testing of the
IASM TOE.
ATE_IND.2: Independent
testing – sample
The laboratory used development evidence submitted by the vendor along with the functional
testing evidence as a baseline for an independent test plan.
AVA_MSU.1: Examination of
guidance
The vendor evidence provided for ADO_IGS, ADV_FSP, and AGD_ADM, was used to meet
this requirement.
AVA_SOF.1: Strength of TOE
security function evaluation
The vendor has provided documentation describing the technical basis for the IASM TOE
Strength of Function claims.
AVA_VLA.1: Developer
vulnerability analysis
The vendor has provided documentation describing the IASM TOE vulnerability analysis
performed by the vendor.
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7 PP COMPLIANCE
This ST does not claim compliance with any Protection Profile.
Vendor Application Note:
The SFRs in Chapter 5 have been specifically chosen so that when the IASM TOE is combined
with external Sensor Agents that have been appropriately evaluated in their operating
environments and one or more external Analytic Engines that have been appropriately evaluated
in their operating environment (to determine that it (they) meet the explicitly stated SFR for the
TOE Environment specified in section 5.5.1), the combined system would comply with
[IDSSYPP].
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8 RATIONALE
This section describes the rationale for the completeness and appropriateness of the Security
Objectives and Security Functional Requirements as defined in Section 4 and 5.
8.1 Rationale for Security Objectives
8.1.1 Rationale for TOE Security Objectives
Table 8-1 – Rationale for TOE Security Objectives
Objective
Threats Mitigated By the
Objective Rationale
T.COMINT
O.PROTCT mitigates the T.COMINT
threat by mandating TOE self-
protection, which includes TOE data
integrity-preserving, mechanisms.
T.COMDIS
O.PROTCT mitigates the T.COMDIS
threat by mandating TOE self-
protection, which includes TOE data
confidentiality-preserving,
mechanisms.
T.LOSSOF
O.PROTCT mitigates the T.LOSSOF
threat by mandating TOE self-
protection, which includes TOE data
availability-preserving, mechanisms.
T.PRIVIL
O.PROTCT mitigates the T.PRIVIL
threat by mandating TOE self-
protection mechanisms, which are
indirectly the basis for trusting the
mechanisms used to realize the
O.IDAUTH and O.ACCESS objectives
as well as a direct countermeasure
against privilege escalation.
T.IMPCON
O.PROTCT mitigates the T.IMPCON
threat by mandating TOE self-
protection mechanisms, which are
indirectly the basis for trusting the
mechanisms used to realize the
O.IDAUTH and O.ACCESS objectives
as well as a direct countermeasure
against privilege escalation.
P.MANAGE
O.PROTCT realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating TOE self-
protection mechanisms, which are
indirectly the basis for trusting the
mechanisms used to realize the
O.IDAUTH and O.ACCESS objectives
as well as a direct countermeasure
against privilege escalation.
O.PROTCT
P.ACCESS
O.PROTCT realizes the P.ACCESS
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Objective
Threats Mitigated By the
Objective Rationale
policy by mandating TOE self-
protection mechanisms, which are
indirectly the basis for trusting the
mechanisms used to realize the
O.IDAUTH and O.ACCESS objectives
as well as a direct countermeasure
against privilege escalation.
P.INTGTY
O.PROTCT realizes the P.INTGTY
policy by mandating TOE self-
protection, which includes TOE data
integrity-preserving, mechanisms.
P.PROTCT
O.PROTCT realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating TOE self-
protection mechanisms, which are
indirectly the basis for trusting the
mechanisms used to realize the
O.IDAUTH and O.ACCESS objectives
as well as a direct countermeasure
against privilege escalation.
T.NOHALT
O.EVENTS mitigates the T.NOHALT
threat by mandating a capability for
collecting events from the monitored
system that might contain evidence of
emerging or ongoing attacks that
could halt execution of the TOE.
T.MISUSE
O.EVENTS mitigates the T.MISUSE
threat by mandating a capability to
collect and store information about
events from the monitored system
that might contain evidence of
inappropriate activity - including
unauthorized access and misuse of
system functions or resources - on
the monitored system.
T.INADVE
O.EVENTS mitigates the T.INADVE
threat by mandating a capability to
collect and store information about
events from the monitored system
that might contain evidence of
inappropriate activity - including
inadvertent activity and access - on
the monitored system.
T.MISACT
O.EVENTS mitigates the T.MISACT
threat by mandating a capability to
collect and store information about
events from the monitored system
that might contain evidence of
inappropriate activity - including
installation of malicious software - on
the monitored system.
O.EVENTS
P.DETECT O.EVENTS realizes the P.DETECT
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Objective
Threats Mitigated By the
Objective Rationale
policy by mandating a capability to
collect and store information about
events from the monitored system
that might contain evidence of
inappropriate activity that may have
resulted from misuse, access, or
malicious activity of monitored system
assets.
T.MISUSE
O.INCDNT mitigates the T.MISUSE
threat by mandating interfaces for
integrating analytic engines – one of
which might be able to detect misuse
of monitored network resources – with
the TOE.
T.INADVE
O.INCDNT mitigates the T.INADVE
threat mandating interfaces for
integrating analytic engines – one of
which might be able to detect
inadvertent activity or access on the
monitored network – with the TOE.
T.MISACT
O.INCDNT mitigates the T.MISACT
threat by mandating interfaces for
integrating analytic engines – one of
which might be able to detect
malicious activity on the monitored
network – with the TOE.
O.INCDNT
P.DETECT
O.INCDNT realizes the P.DETECT
policy by mandating interfaces for
integrating analytic engines that can
analyze events collected from the
monitored system to detect probable
security incidents.
O.RESPON P.RESPND
O.RESPON realizes the P.RESPND
policy by mandating that the TOE
provide a way to associate pre-
defined response policies with
specific detected security incidents.
T.IMPCON
O.EADMIN mitigates the T.IMPCON
threat by mandating that the TOE
have all the necessary administrator
functions to manage the product.
O.EADMIN
P.MANAGE
O.EADMIN realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating that there exist a
set of functions that administrators
can use to effectively manage the
TOE.
O.ACCESS
T.COMINT
O.ACCESS mitigates the T.COMINT
threat by mandating that only
authorized users, who are trusted to
only modify TOE data in accordance
with appropriate security policies, can
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access and change TOE data.
T.COMDIS
O.ACCESS mitigates the T.COMDIS
threat by mandating that only
authorized users, who are trusted to
protect the confidentiality of TOE data
in accordance with appropriate
security policies, can access and read
TOE data.
T.LOSSOF
O.ACCESS mitigates the T.LOSSOF
threat by mandating that only
authorized users, who are trusted to
only delete TOE data in accordance
with appropriate security policies, can
access and delete TOE data.
T.NOHALT
O.ACCESS mitigates the T.NOHALT
threat by mandating that only
authorized users, who are trusted to
only stop TOE collection and analysis
functions in accordance with
appropriate security policies, can
access and manage TOE collection
and analysis functions.
T.PRIVIL
O.ACCESS mitigates the T.PRIVIL
threat by mandating an access control
mechanism that can be used to limit
the access that authorized users have
to parts of the TOE.
T.IMPCON
O.ACCESS mitigates the T.IMPCON
threat by mandating an access control
mechanism that can be used to limit
the access that authorized users have
to parts of the TOE.
P.MANAGE
O.ACCESS realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating an access control
mechanism that can be used to limit
the access that authorized users have
to the management functions of the
TOE.
P.ACCESS
O.ACCESS realizes the P.ACCESS
policy by mandating that the TOE only
provide authorized users with access
to appropriate TOE functions and
data.
P.PROTCT
O.ACCESS realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating that only
authorized users can access
appropriate TOE functions and data.
O.IDAUTH
T.COMINT
O.IDAUTH mitigates the T.COMINT
threat by mandating authentication of
users prior to any TOE data access,
which provides the basis for realizing
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O.ACCESS.
T.COMDIS
O.IDAUTH mitigates the T.COMDIS
threat by mandating authentication of
users prior to any TOE data access,
which provides the basis for realizing
O.ACCESS.
T.LOSSOF
O.IDAUTH mitigates the T.LOSSOF
threat by mandating authentication of
users prior to any TOE data access,
which provides the basis for realizing
O.ACCESS.
T.NOHALT
O.IDAUTH indirectly mitigates the
T.NOHALT threat by mandating
authentication of users prior to any
TOE function accesses, which
provides the basis for realizing
O.ACCESS, which directly mitigates
T.NOHALT.
T.PRIVIL
O.IDAUTH mitigates the T.PRIVIL
threat by mandating authentication of
users prior to any TOE data access,
which allows the TOE to distinguish
between privileged and unprivileged
users.
T.IMPCON
O.IDAUTH mitigates the T.IMPCON
threat by mandating authentication of
users prior to any TOE data access,
which allows the TOE to distinguish
between privileged and unprivileged
users.
P.MANAGE
O.IDAUTH realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating authentication of
users prior to permitting access to any
TOE data or functions, which allows
the TOE to distinguish between
privileged and unprivileged users.
P.ACCESS
O.IDAUTH realizes the P.ACCESS
policy by mandating authentication of
users prior to the TOE establishing
their authorizations and performing
any actions on their behalf, which
provides the basis for realizing
O.ACCESS.
P.ACCACT
O.IDAUTH realizes the P.ACCACT
policy by mandating authentication of
users prior to the TOE establishing
their authorizations and performing -
and auditing - any actions on their
behalf.
P.PROTCT O.IDAUTH realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating authentication of
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users prior to the TOE establishing
their authorizations and performing
any actions on their behalf, which
provides the basis for realizing
O.ACCESS.
T.COMDIS
O.COMACC mitigates the T.COMDIS
threat by mandating that only
authorized external entities can
communicate with the TOE.
T.COMINT
O.COMACC mitigates the T.COMINT
threat by mandating that only
authorized external entities can
communicate with the TOE.
T.LOSSOF
O.COMACC mitigates the T.LOSSOF
threat by mandating that only
authorized external entities can
communicate with the TOE.
T.NOHALT
O.COMACC mitigates the T.NOHALT
threat by mandating that only
authorized external entities can
communicate with the TOE.
T.PRIVIL
O.COMACC mitigates the T.PRIVIL
threat by mandating that only
authorized external entities can
communicate with the TOE.
P.ACCESS
O.COMACC realizes the P.ACCESS
policy by mandating that only
authorized, and presumably acting for
authorized purposes, external entities
can communicate with the TOE.
P.PROTCT
O.COMACC realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating that only
authorized users can access
appropriate TOE functions and data.
O.COMACC
P.USESTD
O.COMACC realizes the P.USESTD
policy by necessarily requiring use of
a standard secure communication
protocol for use with potentially
arbitrary external entities.
T.COMDIS
O.COMCON mitigates the T.COMDIS
threat by mandating that the protocol
used to communicate with external
entities provide confidentiality of the
data exchanged.
O.COMCON
P.PROTCT
O.COMCON realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating that data is only
disclosed (which is a form of access)
to the specific external entities with
which the TOE is authorized to
communicate.
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Objective Rationale
T.COMINT
O.COMINT mitigates the T.COMINT
threat by mandating that the protocol
used to communicate with external
entities detect changes to any of the
data exchanged.
T.LOSSOF
O.COMINT mitigates the T.LOSSOF
threat by mandating that the protocol
used to communicate with external
entities detect loss of any of the data
exchanged.
O.COMINT
P.INTGTY
O.COMINT realizes the P.INTGTY
policy by mandating that the protocol
used to communicate with external
entities detect changes to any of the
data exchanged.
T.INFLUX
O.OFLOWS mitigates the T.INFLUX
threat by mandating that the TOE
handle data storage overflows.
O.OFLOWS
P.PROTCT
O.OFLOWS realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating that the TOE
handle data storage overflows.
T.FACCNT
O.AUDITS mitigates the T.FACCNT
threat by mandating that the TOE to
audit attempts for data accesses and
use of TOE functions.
T.MISUSE
O.AUDITS mitigates the T.MISUSE
threat by mandating that the TOE
record audit records of TOE data
accesses and use of TOE functions.
T.INADVE
O.AUDITS mitigates the T.INADVE
threat by mandating that the TOE
record audit records of TOE data
accesses and use of TOE functions.
T.MISACT
O.AUDITS mitigates the T.MISACT
threat by mandating that the TOE
record audit records of TOE data
accesses and use of TOE functions.
P.DETECT
O.AUDITS realizes the P.DETECT
policy by mandating that the TOE
record audit records of TOE data
accesses and use of TOE functions.
O.AUDITS
P.ACCACT
O.AUDITS realizes the P.ACCACT
policy by mandating that the TOE
record audit records of TOE data
accesses and use of TOE functions.
T.COMINT
O.INTEGR mitigates the T.COMINT
threat by mandating integrity
protection mechanisms for TOE data.
O.INTEGR
T.LOSSOF
O.INTEGR mitigates the T.LOSSOF
threat by mandating integrity
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Objective Rationale
protection mechanisms for TOE data.
P.INTGTY
O.INTEGR realizes the P.INTGTY
policy by mandating integrity
protection mechanisms for data that is
collected and produced by the TOE.
8.1.2 Rationale for TOE Environment Security Objectives
Table 8-2 – Rationale for TOE Environment Security Objectives
Objective
Threats Mitigated By the
Objective Rationale
A.NOEVIL
O.INSTAL imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.NOEVIL assumption that authorized
administrators of the TOE will follow
and abide by the instructions provided
in the TOE documentation.
A.NETSEP
O.INSTAL imposes an operational
constraint that ensures that the
A.NETSEP assumption is faithfully
implemented in the operational
environments where the TOE is used.
T.IMPCON
O.INSTAL mitigates the T.IMPCON
threat by mandating that authorized
administrators configure the TOE
properly - thus establishing an
"appropriate" configuration.
O.INSTAL
P.MANAGE
O.INSTAL realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating that those
responsible for security will manage
the TOE in accordance with all
provided documentation and maintain
the security policy.
A.PROTCT
O.PHYCAL imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.PROTCT assumption of physical
protection for the TOE.
A.LOCATE
The O.PHYCAL TOE environment
objective wording implies that the
TOE will be located within controlled
access facilities to prevent
unauthorized physical access.
A.NOEVIL
O.PHYCAL imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.NOEVIL assumption that authorized
administrators of the TOE are not
careless, willfully negligent, or hostile.
O.PHYCAL
A.NOTRST
O.PHYCAL imposes an operational
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constraint that is consistent with the
A.NOTRST assumption that only
authorized users can physically
access the TOE hardware.
P.PROTCT
O.PHYCAL supports the P.PROTCT
policy by mandating that only
authorized users can physically
access the TOE hardware.
A.NOEVIL
O.CREDEN imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.NOEVIL assumption that authorized
administrators of the TOE will follow
and abide by the instructions provided
in the TOE documentation.
A.NOTRST
O.CREDEN supports the A.NOTRST
assumption by mandating that
authorized users protect their
authentication data, thus preventing
unauthorized users from trivially
gaining access to the TOE.
T.PRIVIL
O.CREDEN mitigates the T.PRIVIL
threat by mandating that authorized
users protect their credentials to
prevent an unauthorized user from
being able to masquerade as an
authorized user.
T.IMPCON
O.CREDEN mitigates the T.IMPCON
threat by mandating that authorized
users protect their credentials to
prevent an unauthorized user from
being able to masquerade as an
authorized user.
P.MANAGE
O.CREDEN realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating that authorized
users - including administrators -
protect their credentials to prevent an
unauthorized user from being able to
masquerade as an authorized user.
P.ACCESS
O.CREDEN realizes the P.ACCESS
policy by requiring authorized users to
protect their authentication data, thus
preventing unauthorized users from
trivially gaining access to the TOE by
masquerading as an authorized user.
P.ACCACT
O.CREDEN realizes the P.ACCACT
policy by requiring authorized users to
protect their authentication data, thus
preventing unauthorized users from
masquerading as an authorized user.
O.CREDEN
P.PROTCT O.CREDEN realizes the P.PROTCT
policy by requiring authorized users to
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protect their authentication data, thus
preventing unauthorized users from
trivially gaining access to the TOE by
masquerading as an authorized user.
A.DYNMIC
O.PERSON obligates the TOE
Environment to fulfill the A.DYNMIC
assumption of competent active
management.
A.MANAGE
O.PERSON obligates the TOE
Environment to fulfill the A.MANAGE
assumption that all authorized
administrators are qualified and
trained to manage the TOE.
O.PERSON
P.MANAGE
O.PERSON realizes the P.MANAGE
policy by mandating that authorized
administrators are carefully chosen
and trained for their responsibilities.
P.USESTD
O.INTROP realizes the P.USESTD
policy by mandating that the TOE
interoperate with the IT System:
implicitly requiring use of the same
network & security technologies.
A.EVENTS
O.INTROP imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.EVENTS assumption that the TOE
and devices on the external network
use the same security technologies to
communicate.
A.DYNMIC
O.INTROP imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.DYNMIC assumption that the TOE
will be able to effect its management
actions.
A.ASCOPE
O.INTROP imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.ASCOPE assumption that the TOE
will be used only to protect networks
that do not exceed the TOE’s
monitoring capacity.
O.INTROP
A.COMMS
O.INTROP imposes an operational
constraint that is consistent with the
A.COMMS assumption that there is
an adequate networking infrastructure
to support intra- and extra-TOE
communications.
O.SENSRS P.DETECT
O.SENSRS obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that collects and
sends the events required to meet the
P.DETECT policy.
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P.USESTD
O.SENSRS obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that interoperates
with the TOE and therefore must
meet the P.USESTD policy.
T.INFLUX
O.SENSRS obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software with features (i.e.,
buffering) that mitigate T.INFLUX.
T.MISUSE
Mitigating T.MISUSE first requires the
observation of events that might
indicate such misuse. O.SENSRS
obligates the TOE Environment to
actually contain specific software that
collects and sends such events to the
TOE.
T.INADVE
Mitigating T.INADVE first requires the
observation of events that might
indicate such inadvertent activity and
access. O.SENSRS obligates the
TOE Environment to actually contain
specific software that collects and
sends such events to the TOE.
T.MISACT
Mitigating T.MISACT first requires the
observation of events that might
indicate such malicious activity.
O.SENSRS obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that collects and
sends such events to the TOE.
A.EVENTS
O.SENSRS obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that collects and
sends the events referenced in
A.EVENTS to the TOE.
A.ASCOPE
O.SENSRS obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that is able to
conform to A.ASCOPE.
P.DETECT
O.ANALYZ obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that detects security
incidents, as required by the
P.DETECT policy.
P.USESTD
O.ANALYZ obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that interoperates
with the TOE and therefore must
meet the P.USESTD policy.
O.ANALYZ
T.MISUSE
Mitigating T.MISUSE requires
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detection of misuse by analyzing
events collected from the IT System.
O.ANALYZ obligates the TOE
Environment to actually contain
specific software that does such
analysis and detection and sends the
TOE detected security incidents.
T.INADVE
Mitigating T.INADVE requires
detection of inadvertent activity and
access by analyzing events collected
from the IT System. O.ANALYZ
obligates the TOE Environment to
actually contain specific software that
does such analysis and detection and
sends the TOE detected security
incidents.
T.MISACT
Mitigating T.MISACT requires
detection of malicious activity by
analyzing events collected from the IT
System. O.ANALYZ obligates the
TOE Environment to actually contain
specific software that does such
analysis and detection and sends the
TOE detected security incidents.
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Table 8-3 – Summary Correlation of Security Objectives With Assumptions, Threats, and Policies
Assumptions,
Threats,
and Policies
O.PROTCT
O.EVENTS
O.INCDNT
O.RESPON
O.EADMIN
O.ACCESS
O.IDAUTH
O.COMACC
O.COMCON
O.COMINT
O.OFLOWS
O.AUDITS
O.INTEGR
O.INSTAL
O.PHYCAL
O.CREDEN
O.PERSON
O.INTROP
O.SENSRS
O.ANALYZ
A.DYNMIC X X
A.EVENTS X X
A.ASCOPE X X
A.COMMS X
A.NETSEP X
A.PROTCT X
A.LOCATE X
A.MANAGE X
A.NOEVIL X X X
A.NOTRST X X
T.COMINT X X X X X X
T.COMDIS X X X X X
T.LOSSOF X X X X X X
T.NOHALT X X X X
T.PRIVIL X X X X X
T.IMPCON X X X X X X
T.INFLUX X X
T.FACCNT X
T.MISUSE X X X X X
T.INADVE X X X X X
T.MISACT X X X X X
P.DETECT X X X X X
P.RESPND X
P.MANAGE X X X X X X X
P.ACCESS X X X X X
P.ACCACT X X X
P.INTGTY X X X
P.PROTCT X X X X X X X X
P.USESTD X X X X
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8.2 Rationale for TOE Security Requirements
Table 8-4 – Rationale for TOE Security Requirements
Objective
Security Function
Requirements
Addressing the
Objective
Rationale
FAU_GEN.1,
FAU_SAR.1,
FAU_SAR.2,
FPT_STM.1
FAU_GEN.1, FAU_SAR 1, FAU_SAR.2, and FPT_STM.1
require that the TOE be able to generate and make available
to TOE administrators time-stamped audit records of a
specified set of security-relevant events related to the TOE
operations so that, if other self-protection mechanisms fail,
the TOE administrators can determine how the failure
occurred and assess the extent of the damage.
FAU_STG.2,
FAU_STG.4,
IDS_STG_(EXP).1
FAU_STG.2, FAU_STG.4 and IDS_STG_(EXP).1 require the
TOE to protect SIM repository that holds both the TOE
security audit data and collected event and incident data from
deletion as well as guarantee the data availability in the event
of storage exhaustion, failure or attack.
FIA_AFL.1,
FIA_UAU.1,
FIA_UID.1
FIA_AFL.1, FIA_UAU.1, and FIA_UID.1 require the TOE to
prevent unauthenticated (and therefore, unauthorized) users
from having access to any TOE functions or data.
FIA_SOS.2
FIA_SOS.2 requires the TOE to provide a mechanism by
which to generate user authentication secrets that are "strong
enough" for a given installation of the TOE.
FMT_MOF.1,
FMT_MTD.1,
FMT_SMF.1
FMT_MOF.1 and FMT_MTD.1 require the TOE to protect its
TSF functions and data from access by non-privileged users.
FTP_ITC.1
FTP_ITC.1 requires the TOE to refuse to open a
communication channel with an external entity that is not
using the security function that allows the TOE to identify,
authenticate, and protect sensitive information exchanged
with that entity.
O.PROTCT
FPT_RVM.1,
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 require the TOE to provide
mechanisms that ensure the effective enforcement of access
to and isolation of TOE Security Functions.
FAU_GEN.1
FAU_GEN.1 requires that TOE components, including
Sensors, have the ability to generate records of defined
security-relevant events.
FPT_STM.1
FPT_STM.1 requires the TOE to have a source of reliable
timestamps, which are a critical component of the information
that must be associated with each event collected and stored
by the TOE.
O.EVENTS
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1 requires the TOE to accept and store
event data, which may have indications of inappropriate
activity resulting from misuse of, access to, or malicious
activity on monitored system assets, from devices on the
monitored network and defines the minimum information that
must be collected for each kind of event.
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Objective
Security Function
Requirements
Addressing the
Objective
Rationale
FPT_STM.1
FPT_STM.1 requires the TOE to have a source of reliable
timestamps, which are a critical component of the information
that must be associated with each incident collected and
stored by the TOE.
O.INCDNT
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1 requires the TOE to accept, and store in
the SIM repository, information about probable incidents.
O.RESPON IDS_RCT_(EXP).1 IDS_RCT_(EXP).1 requires the TOE to display applicable
response policies for each detected probable incident.
FAU_SAR 1,
FAU_SAR.3
FAU_SAR.1 and FAU_SAR.3 require the TOE to provide the
ability to review and manage information in the SIM
repository that is related to the TOE operations.
FAU_STG.4
FAU_STG.4 requires the TOE to provide the ability to
manage the lifecycle of information in the SIM repository that
is related to the TOE operations
FIA_AFL.1
FIA_AFL.1 requires the TOE to provide the Administrator role
with the ability to limit authenticator guessing attacks on
authorized users' accounts.
FIA_SOS.2
FIA_SOS.2 requires the TOE to provide the Administrator
role with the ability to set the quality of the password
authenticators that will be generated and used for user
authentication.
FMT_MOF.1,
FMT_MTD.1
FMT_SMF.1
FMT_MOF.1 and FMT_MTD.1 require the TOE to restrict the
authority to modify the behavior of TOE functions (which
have been defined in FMT_SMF.1) and values of TSF data to
the Administrator role.
FPT_RVM.1,
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 require the TOE to provide
mechanisms that ensure the effective enforcement of access
to and isolation of administrative functions.
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1 requires the TOE to provide the ability to
review and manage information in the SIM repository.
O.EADMIN
IDS_STG_(EXP).1,
IDS_STG_(EXP).2
IDS_STG_(EXP).1 and IDS_STG_(EXP).2 require the TOE
to provide the ability to manage the lifecycle of information in
the SIM repository that is related to the monitored system.
FAU_SAR 1,
FAU_SAR.2,
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1
FAU_SAR.1, FAU_SAR.2, and IDS_RDR_(EXP).1 establish
the disclosure access control policy for the collections of
security- and intrusion-relevant events managed by the TOE.
FAU_STG.2,
FAU_STG.4,
IDS_STG_(EXP).1
FAU_STG.2, FAU_STG.4, and IDS_STG_(EXP).1 establish
the integrity access control policy for the collections of
security- and intrusion-relevant events managed by the TOE.
FIA_AFL.1,
FIA_UAU.1,
FIA_UID.1
FIA_AFL.1, FIA_UAU.1, and FIA_UID.1 require the TOE to
prevent unauthenticated (and therefore, unauthorized) users
from having access to any TOE functions or data.
FIA_ATD.1,
FMT_SMR.1
FIA_ATD.1 and FMT_SMR.1 require the TOE to maintain
specific access control information for use in making access
control decisions.
O.ACCESS
FMT_MOF.1,
FMT_MTD.1
FMT_MOF.1 and FMT_MTD.1 establish the disclosure and
integrity access control policies for TSF functions and data.
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Security Function
Requirements
Addressing the
Objective
Rationale
FPT_RVM.1,
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 require the TOE to provide
mechanisms that ensure the correct computation and
effective enforcement of access control policies.
FIA_AFL.1
FIA_AFL.1 requires the TOE to provide a mechanism for
limiting authenticator guessing attacks on authorized users'
accounts.
FIA_ATD.1,
FMT_SMR.1
FIA_ATD.1 and FMT_SMR.1 require the TOE to associate
specified security attributes, including authentication data,
with authorized users of the TOE.
FIA_SOS.2
FIA_SOS.2 requires the TOE to provide a mechanism by
which to generate user authentication secrets that are "strong
enough" for a given installation of the TOE.
FIA_UAU.1,
FIA_UID.1
FIA_UAU.1 and FIA_UID.1 require the TOE to identify and
authenticate a user before allowing that user to access any
TOE functions or data.
O.IDAUTH
FPT_RVM.1,
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 require the TOE to provide
mechanisms that ensure the correct computation and
effective enforcement of identification and authentication
decisions.
FTP_ITC.1
FTP_ITC.1 requires the TOE to provide a security function
that protects sensitive information in transit between the TOE
and an identified and authenticated external entity.
FPT_RVM.1
FPT_RVM.1 requires the TOE to ensure that the FTP_ITC.1
identification and authentication security function(s) are
always successfully invoked before communicating with
external entities.
O.COMACC
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_SEP.1 requires the TOE to prevent the FTP_ITC.1
identification and authentication security function(s) from
being affected by the actions of any external entities.
FTP_ITC.1
FTP_ITC.1 requires the TOE to provide a security function
that protects sensitive information in transit between the TOE
and an identified and authenticated external entity from
disclosure.
FPT_RVM.1
FPT_RVM.1 requires the TOE to ensure that the FTP_ITC.1
confidentiality protection security function(s) are always
successfully invoked when communicating with external
entities.
O.COMCON
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_SEP.1 requires the TOE to prevent the FTP_ITC.1
confidentiality protection security function(s) from being
affected by the actions of any external entities.
FTP_ITC.1
FTP_ITC.1 requires the TOE to provide a security function
that protects sensitive information in transit between the TOE
and an identified and authenticated external entity from
undetected modification or loss.
O.COMINT
FPT_RVM.1
FPT_RVM.1 requires the TOE to ensure that the FTP_ITC.1
integrity protection security function(s) are always
successfully invoked when communicating with external
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Objective
Security Function
Requirements
Addressing the
Objective
Rationale
entities.
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_SEP.1 requires the TOE to prevent the FTP_ITC.1
integrity protection security function(s) from being affected by
the actions of any external entities.
FAU_STG.2
FAU_STG.2 requires the TOE to protect the collection of
security-relevant events related to the TOE operations from
deletion as well as guarantee the availability of those events
if the storage media for that collection becomes full, fails, or
is attacked.
FAU_STG.4
FAU_STG.4 requires the TOE to prevent the loss of the
collection of security-relevant events related to the TOE
operations if the storage media for that collection becomes
full.
IDS_STG_(EXP).1
IDS_STG_(EXP).1 requires the TOE to to protect the
collection of intrusion-relevant events related to the IT
System from any modification and unauthorized deletion, as
well as guarantee the availability of those events if the
storage media for that collection becomes full, fails, or is
attacked.
O.OFLOWS
IDS_STG_(EXP).2
IDS_STG_(EXP).2 requires the TOE to prevent the loss of
the collection of intrusion-relevant events related to the IT
System if the storage media for that collection becomes full.
FAU_GEN.1
FAU_GEN.1 requires that the TOE be able to generate audit
records of a specified set of security-relevant events related
to the TOE operations.
FAU_SAR.1,
FAU_SAR.2,
FAU_SAR.3
FAU_SAR.1, FAU_SAR.2, and FAU_SAR.3 requires the
TOE to provided appropriately controlled mechanisms for
reviewing the collection of security-relevant events related to
the TOE operations.
FPT_RVM.1,
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 require the TOE to provide
mechanisms that ensure the correct and effective operation
of the audit functions.
O.AUDITS
FPT_STM.1
FPT_STM.1 requires the TOE to have a source of reliable
timestamps for use in the audit records.
FAU_STG.2,
FAU_STG.4,
IDS_STG_(EXP).1
FAU_STG.2, FAU_STG.4, and IDS_STG_(EXP).1 establish
the integrity access control policy for the collections of
security- and intrusion-relevant events managed by the TOE.
FMT_MTD.1
FMT_MTD.1 requires the TOE to ensure that only authorized
administrators of the System can query or add audit and
System data.
O.INTEGR
FPT_RVM.1,
FPT_SEP.1
FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 require the TOE to provide
mechanisms that ensure the correct computation and
effective enforcement of integrity access control policies.
O.ANALYZ IDS_ANL_(EXP).1
IDS_ANL_(EXP).1 requires the TOE environment to contain
at least one external entity that provides an analytic capability
with specific characteristics.
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Table 8-5 – Summary Correlation of Security Objectives With Security Function Requirements
Security
Function
Requirements
O.PROTCT
O.EVENTS
O.INCDNT
O.RESPON
O.EADMIN
O.ACCESS
O.IDAUTH
O.COMACC
O.COMCON
O.COMINT
O.OFLOWS
O.AUDITS
O.INTEGR
O.ANALYZ
FAU_GEN.1 X X X
FAU_SAR 1 X X X X
FAU_SAR.2 X X X
FAU_SAR.3 X X
FAU_STG.2 X X X X
FAU_STG.4 X X X X X
FIA_AFL.1 X X X X
FIA_ATD.1 X X
FIA_SOS.2 X X X
FIA_UAU.1 X X X
FIA_UID.1 X X X
FMT_MOF.1 X X X
FMT_MTD.1 X X X X
FMT_SMF.1 X X
FMT_SMR.1 X X
FPT_RVM.1 X X X X X X X X X
FPT_SEP.1 X X X X X X X X X
FPT_STM.1 X X X X
FTP_ITC.1 X X X X
IDS_SDC_(EXP).1 X X
IDS_RCT_(EXP).1 X
IDS_RDR_(EXP).1 X X
IDS_STG_(EXP).1 X X X X X
IDS_STG_(EXP).2 X X
IDS_ANL_(EXP).1 X
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8.3 Rationale for Strength of Security Functions
The rationale for TOE Strength of Function described in this section satisfies the SOF-Basic
claim. The reasoning for SOF-Basic claim is that the TOE strength of function provides adequate
protection against casual breach of TOE security by attackers possessing a low attack potential.
The SOF-basic strength level is also sufficient to meet the objectives of the TOE given the
security environment described in the ST.
This Security Target includes a probabilistic or permutation analysis of the password mechanism
as required by AVA_SOF.1. This is provided below along with an analysis showing that the
design basis for specific security function requirements (SFRs) – FIA_UAU.2.1 (Identification
and Authentication) and FIA_SOS.2.1 (TSF Generation of secrets) – satisfies both the
AVA_SOF.1 security assurance requirement claim of SOF-Basic and the SFRs’ statements. The
only probabilistic function on which the strength of the authentication mechanisms depends is
the password entered for login into the User Console. The User Console valid range of values for
a password is constrained by the rules summarized in Section 6.6.3: as required in FIA_SOS.2.1.
Briefly, these rules require a password of at least 8 non-repeated characters, which starts and
ends with an alphanumeric character and must have at least one special character in one of the
other positions. The alphabetic characters are case sensitive. For purposes of the analysis below,
the other password rules are simplistically and conservatively interpreted to reduce the password
space by prohibiting substrings of 2 or more purely numeric characters and 2 or more purely
alphabetic characters (where the following character substitutions are considered during the
purely alphabetic substring analysis (0=O, 1=L, 3=E, 5=S, 8=B, !=L, @=A, $=S, &=A). This
substring approach handles the rules for: use of the login-id (which must be comprised of the
alphanumeric characters, “-” and “_”); use of words in any language (since any non-English
language would have to be transliterated into some sequence of ASCII alphabetic characters);
sequences of letters or numbers; keyboard patterns; and the use of certain special characters in
place of alphabetic characters.
The TOE recognizes 52 alphabetic characters (a-z, A-Z), 10 numeric characters (0 to 9), and 32
special characters (~, `, !, @, #, $, %, ^, &, *, (, ), _, +, -, =, [, ], {, }, \, |, ;, : ", ', ,, ., <, >, ?, /).
According to the password generation rules in Section 6.6.3 the shortest allowable password is 8
characters, has no repeating characters, starts and ends with an alphanumeric character, and has
at least one special character in one of the other positions. Applying this rule, with no additional
constraints, results in a maximum password generation space of 62*93*92*91*90*89*88*56 =
1,905,491,750,722,560 possible passwords.
The full set of rules, however, requires that this space be reduced by excluding prohibited
substrings from consideration. As noted above, this analysis has been simplified by prohibiting
any purely alphabetic or purely numeric substring. Since this is actually more restrictive than the
specific rules, it ensures that the analysis is conservative and that the actually acceptable
password strength is relatively greater due to an even larger space within which a search would
have to be conducted.
The excluded substrings are computed in the following way. For each Size of substring (2
characters through 8 characters), the total number of possible prohibited strings is computed
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using the following formula:
P * ( (L! / (L-Size)!) + (N! / (N-Size)!) )
where the letter “L” represents the standard alphabetic characters (52) plus the 9 alphabetic-
equivalent characters identified above, the letter “N” represents the 10 numeric characters, and
the letter “P” represents the number of places within an 8-character string at which substrings of
length Size could start (computed as 8-(Size-1)). The numbers of excluded substrings for each
different substring size are computed and then summed and subtracted from the maximum
password generation space to derive the baseline password generation space. The baseline
password generation space computation is as follows:
Substring
Size
Computation Value
2 7 * ((61! / 59!) + (10! / 8!)) 26,250
3 6 * ((61! / 58!) + (10! / 7!)) 1,299,960
4 5 * ((61! / 57!) + (10! / 6!)) 62,647,800
5 4 * ((61! / 56!) + (10! / 5!)) 2,855,711,520
6 3 * ((61! / 55!) + (10! / 4!)) 119,935,257,120
7 2 * ((61! / 54!) + (10! / 3!)) 4,397,610,672,000
8 (61! / 53!) + (10! / 2!) 118,735,457,299,200
Totals 123,255,922,913,850
Maximum Password Space = 1,905,491,750,722,560 - 123,255,922,913,850
Baseline Password Space = 1,782,235,827,808,710
To mount a brute-force attack on the baseline password space, an attacker would, on average,
have to try half of the passwords in the space (891,117,913,904,355) before discovering a valid
password. Assuming that a failed login attempt takes 10 seconds, and since the TOE locks the
authentication mechanism for 360 seconds (6 mins) after 3 failed authentication attempts, the
average cost of a failed login attempt is ((3*10)+360)/3 = 130 seconds. Thus, on average, it will
take 3,670,916,952 years ((891,117,913,904,355 tries * 130 s/try) / 31,557,600 s/yr) for a brute-
force attack on a generated IASM TOE password to succeed.
According to the Common Evaluation Methodology Table B3 (page 365), the elapsed time is not
practical. The result presents a HIGH strength of function, which surpasses SOF-Basic.
8.4 Rationale for Assurance Requirements
EAL3 was chosen to comply with the DoDI8500.2 guidance for the use of Low to Medium
Robustness products. The EAL3 Assurance Requirements have been augmented with
ALC_FLR.2 and ALC_LCD.1 in order to satisfy a perceived market expectation that vendors of
security products should employ more consistent software security engineering practices that
include a systematic process for accepting reports of security flaws and then developing and
distributing repairs for those flaws.
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8.5 Requirement Dependency Rationale
The IASM Security Target does satisfy all the requirement dependencies of the Common
Criteria. Table 14 lists each requirement from the IASM SFRs in Section 5.1 with a dependency
and indicates whether the dependent requirement was included. As the table indicates, all
dependencies among the requirements from the CC Part 2 catalog have been met.
Table 8-6 – Requirement Dependencies
Functional Component Depends On Included
FAU_GEN.1 FPT_STM.1 Yes
FAU_SAR.1 FAU_GEN.1 Yes
FAU_SAR.2 FAU_SAR.1 Yes
FAU_SAR.3 FAU_SAR.1 Yes
FAU_STG.2 FAU_GEN.1 Yes
FAU_STG.4 FAU_STG.2* Yes
FIA_AFL.1 FIA_UAU.1 Yes
FIA_ATD.1 None
FIA_SOS.2 None
FIA_UAU.1 FIA_UID.1 Yes
FIA_UID.1 None
FMT_MOF.1 FMT_SMF.1
FMT_SMR.1
Yes
FMT_MTD.1 FMT_SMF.1
FMT_SMR.1
Yes
FMT_SMF.1 None
FMT_SMR.1 FIA_UID.1 Yes
FPT_RVM.1 None
FPT_SEP.1 None
FPT_STM.1 None
FTP_ITC.1 None
* CC v2.2 actually identifies the dependency as FAU_STG.1, but FAU_STG.2 is hierarchical to
FAU_STG.1 and therefore effectively satisfies the dependency.
8.6 Explicitly Stated Requirement Dependency Rationale
This ST also includes explicitly stated IDS requirements from [IDSSYPP]. The family of IDS
requirements was created to specifically address the data collected and analyzed by an IDS. The
audit family of the CC (FAU) was used as a model for creating these requirements. The purpose
of this family of requirements is to address the unique nature of IDS data and provide for
requirements about collecting, reviewing and managing the data. The stated IDS requirements
have no dependencies since they embody all of the necessary security functions.
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9 REFERENCES
[CC] Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, ISO/IEC
15408 Version 2.2, International Standardization Organization, January 2004
[IDSSYPP] Intrusion Detection System System Protection Profile, Version 1.5, National
Security Agency, March 2005
[IATF] Information Assurance Technical Framework, Version 3.0, National Security
Agency, September 2000
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10 ACRONYMS
The following abbreviations from the Common Criteria are used in this Security Target:
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Method
CC Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation
DES Data Encryption Standard
DoD Department of Defense
DMZ Demilitarized zone
EAL Evaluation Assurance Level
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload
FIPS PUB Federal Information Processing Standard Publication
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GIG Global Information Grid
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
I&A Identification and Authentication
IATF Information Assurance Technical Framework
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IKE Internet Key Exchange
IPSEC ESP Internet Protocol Security Encapsulating Security Payload
IP Internet Protocol
IT Information Technology
MRE Medium Robustness Environment
NBIAT&S Network Boundary Information Assurance Technologies and Solutions Support
NIAP National Information Assurance Partnership
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NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NSA National Security Agency
NSES (IASM) Network Security Event Sensor
NTP Network Time Protocol
PKI Public Key Infrastructure
PP Protection Profile
RNG Random Number Generator
SFP Security Function Policy
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SOF Strength of Function
SSL Secure Sockets Layer
SSLIOP SSL Inter-ORB Protocol
ST Security Target
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TOE Target of Evaluation
TSE TOE Security Environment
TSF TOE Security Function
TSP TOE Security Policy
UDP User Datagram Protocol
URL Uniform Research Locator
VPN Virtual Private Network
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11 RATIONALE FOR USE OF PREVIOUSLY EVALUATED IA
PRODUCTS IN THE PROMIA IASM TOE
PD 0117, PP Conformance Using and Underlying Evaluated Product, establishes the guidelines
under which a previously evaluated IA product (PEP) can be used as a component of a larger
TOE evaluation. The Promia Intelligent Agent Security Manager (IASM) uses 2 previously
evaluated products: Windows XP Professional and SuSE Linux 9.1. This Chapter provides
analyses of the SuSE Linux Enterprise Server Version 9 ST and the Windows XP Professional
ST with respect to each of the clauses of PD 011 in order to demonstrate that the IASM TOE
reliance on these two products is appropriate and consistent with PD-0117.
11.1 Rationale for the Use of SuSE LINUX 9.1 in the IASM TOE
11.1.1 Required PEP Assurance Level
SuSE Linux 9.1 was evaluated at EAL4, augmented with ALC_FLR.3. The IASM TOE ST
claims EAL3+: specifically, augmentation with ALC_FLR.2 and ALC_LCD.1. The EAL4
augmented level of SuSE Linux 9.1 is greater than the EAL3 augmented level claimed for the
IASM TOE. Likewise, the ALC_FLR.3 SAR that augments SuSE Linux 9.1 is hierarchical to
ALC_FLR.2 SAR that augments the IASM TOE, thus meeting this constraint.
11.1.2 IASM TOE Must Leverage Some SuSE LINUX 9.1 SFRs
11.1.3 SuSE LINUX 9.1 SFRs Must Not Conflict with IASM TOE SFRs
SuSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) 9.1 is the operating system used on all of the hardware
components that comprise the actual IASM TOE appliance. Table 11-1, below, explains both
how the IASM TOE leverages certain Security Function Requirements (SFRs) (highlighted in
gray in the table) from the SLES 9.1 Security Target [EAL4-SLES-ST] and why the SFRs that
are not leveraged by the IASM TOE do not conflict or interfere with the ability of the IASM
TOE to meet its own SFRs.
Table 11-1 – IASM Use of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.1 (SLES) Security Features
SFR name SLES IASM Relationship of SLES SFR to IASM SFR
FAU_GEN.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_GEN.1 SFR. While both STs
include this requirement, the sets of specific objects and events to which the
requirement applies are entirely disjoint.
FAU_GEN.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_GEN.2 SFR. In addition to the
IASM ST not including the SFR, the IASM maintains its own user identity
database and would therefore not be able to use the SLES information.
FAU_SAR.1 X X
FAU_SAR.2 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_SAR.1, FAU_SAR.2, or
FAU_SAR.3 SFRs. While both STs include these requirements, the sets of
specific objects to which the SFRs apply, and the SFR enforcement
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FAU_SAR.3 X X
mechanisms, are entirely disjoint.
FAU_SEL.1 X The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_SEL.1 SFR.
FAU_STG.1 X
FAU_STG.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_STG.1 SFR. While the IASM ST
implicitly includes the FAU_STG.1 SFR words by using FAU_STG.2, the sets
of specific objects to which the SFRs apply and the SFR enforcement
mechanisms, are entirely disjoint.
FAU_STG.3 X The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_STG.3 SFR.
FAU_STG.4 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FAU_STG.4 SFR because it
independently implements the capability for the objects to which the IASM ST
instance of the SFR applies. The IASM TOE could be affected by the SLES
instance of the SFR if IASM component actions cause the SLES TOE to
invoke the function(s) implementing the SFR.
FCS_CKM.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FCS_CKM.1 SFR because it makes no
specific claims about key generation.
FCS_CKM.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FCS_CKM.2 SFR because it makes no
specific claims about key distribution.
FCS_COP.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FCS_COP.1 SFR because the IASM
TOE implementation, itself, incorporates all cryptographic capabilities required
for FTP_ITC.
FDP_ACC.1 X
FDP_ACF.1 X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FDP_ACC.1 and FDP_ACF.1 SFRs as an
additional mechanism for enforcing the IASM FPT_SEP.1 SFR by providing
selective separation between SLES processes in which IASM software
subsystems are executing.
FDP_RIP.2 X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FDP_RIP.2 SFR to provide necessary
support for the SLES FPT_SEP.1 SFR.
FDP_UCT.2 X
FDP_UIT.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FDP_UCT.2 and FDP_UIT.1 SFRs
because the IASM ST doesn’t explicitly include these SFRs and any such
capabilities are internal to the IASM implementation.
FIA_ATD.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FIA_ATD.1 SFR because the IASM uses
an authentication mechanism and database other than the SLES one.
FIA_SOS.1 X
FIA_SOS.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FIA_SOS.1 SFR because the IASM uses
a password verification mechanism other than the SLES one and requires
password generation, which SLES doesn’t.
FIA_UAU.2 X
FIA_UAU.7 X
FIA_UID.2 X
FIA_USB.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FIA_UAU.2, FIA_UAU.7 FIA_UID.2,
and FIA_USB.1 SFRs because it includes an independent IASM user I&A
implementation with its own user security information model.
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FMT_MSA.1 X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FDP_ MSA.1 SFR to provide necessary
support for the IASM FPT_SEP.1 SFR.
FMT_MSA.2 X The IASM does not rely on the SLES FMT_MSA.2 SFR.
FMT_MSA.3 X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FDP_MSA.3 SFR to provide necessary
support for the IASM FPT_SEP.1 SFR.
FMT_MTD.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FMT_MTD.1 SFR because the specific
refinements in each ST refer to different objects and events.
FMT_REV.1 X The IASM does not rely on the SLES FMT_REV.1 SFR.
FMT_SMF.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FMT_SMF.1 SFR because the specified
information and functions are different.
FMT_SMR.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FMT_SMR.1 SFR because the specified
roles are interpreted in different contexts.
FPT_AMT.1 X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FDP_AMT.1 SFR to provide necessary
support for the IASM FPT_RVM.1 SFR.
FPT_RVM.1 X X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FPT_RVM.1 SFR as described in section
6.2.2.
FPT_SEP.1 X X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FPT_SEP.1 SFR as described in section
6.2.3.
FPT_STM.1 X X
The IASM does rely on the SLES FPT_STM.1 SFR as described in section
6.2.4.
FTP_ITC.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the SLES FTP_ITC.1 SFR because it uses an
independent implementation of the same mechanism.
11.1.4 IASM TOE Use of SuSE LINUX 9.1 Evaluated Interfaces
As described in detail in the IASM High-Level Design document, the primary SLES interfaces
used by the IASM TOE are the ones for process management and network communications. As
explained in the Table 11-1 entry for FTP_ITC.1, the IASM TOE doesn’t use the SLES
implementation of SSLv3 and therefore only uses the basic SLES network socket interfaces,
rather than the secure socket interfaces.
11.1.5 IASM TOE Use of Evaluated Version of SuSE LINUX 9.1
One of the hardware platforms identified in the [EAL4-SLES-ST] is the IBM eServer model 325,
which is a single-CPU system based on the AMD Opteron processor. As described in section
2.1.1, each hardware component of the IASM Appliance uses a Tyan dual-CPU Opteron-based
system. While not exactly the same as the hardware specified in [EAL4-SLES-ST], the IASM
hardware does comply with the requirements stated for the hardware environment section in
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[EAL4-SLES-ST] section 5.3. As also described in section 2.1.1, the IASM SLES 9.1 baseline
uses a subset of the evaluated SLES 9.1 packages in order to provide an even more restricted
operational environment. The specific packages included in the IASM baseline are specified in
the IASM CM Configuration List.
11.1.6 Approach to Ensuring that IASM TOE Tests Confirm Correct Use of SuSE
LINUX 9.1 Interfaces
It is ultimately the responsibility of the CCTL to satisfy this clause of PD-0117 based on the
description of how the IASM TOE leverages the SLES 9.1 SFR (as provided in Table 11-1
above) and the mapping of the IASM SFRs that leverage SLES 9.1 SFRs onto IASM Security
Functional Tests.
11.1.7 IASM TOE Guidance for Proper Configuration of SuSE LINUX 9.1 to
Support IASM TOE Security Requirements and Functions
The IASM TOE uses the SLES 9.1 OS as a statically configured, integrated element of the IASM
Appliance components. As such, the description of how SLES 9.1 is configured for the IASM
Appliance is contained in the section of the IASM CM documentation that describes the IASM
TOE build process.
11.1.8 IASM TOE ST Must Identify the Applicable SuSE LINUX 9.1 ST
[EAL4-SLES-ST] SUSE Linux Enterprise Server v9 Security Target for CAPP Compliance,
Version 3.10, IBM Corp and atsec GmbH, 17 January 2005
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11.2 Rationale for the Use of Windows XP Professional in the IASM TOE
11.2.1 Required PEP Assurance Level
Windows XP Professional was evaluated at EAL4, augmented with ALC_FLR.3. The IASM
TOE ST claims EAL3+: specifically, augmentation with ALC_FLR.2 and ALC_LCD.1. The
EAL4 augmented level of Windows XP Professional is greater than the EAL3 augmented level
claimed for the IASM TOE. Likewise, the ALC_FLR.3 SAR that augments Windows XP
Professional is hierarchical to ALC_FLR.2 SAR that augments the IASM TOE, thus meeting this
constraint.
11.2.2 IASM TOE Leverage of Windows XP Professional SFRs
11.2.3 Windows XP Professional SFRs Must Not Conflict with IASM TOE SFRs
Windows XP Professional is the operating system used on the IASM TOE User Console. Table
11-2, below, explains both how the IASM TOE leverages certain Security Function
Requirements (SFRs) (highlighted in gray in the table) from the Windows XP Professional
Security Target [EAL4-WXP-ST] and why the SFRs that are not leveraged by the IASM TOE do
not conflict or interfere with the ability of the IASM TOE to meet its own SFRs.
Table 11-2 – IASM Use of Windows XP Professional (WXP) Security Features
SFR name WinXP IASM Relationship of WinXP SFR to IASM SFR(s)
FAU_GEN.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FAU_GEN.1 SFR. While both
STs include this requirement, the sets of specific objects and events
to which the requirement applies are entirely disjoint.
FAU_GEN.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FAU_GEN.2 SFR. In addition
to the IASM ST not including the SFR, the IASM maintains its own
user identity database and would therefore not be able to use the
WXP information.
FAU_SAR.1 X X
FAU_SAR.2 X X
FAU_SAR.3 X X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FAU_SAR.* SFRs. While both
STs include these requirements, the sets of specific objects to which
the SFRs apply, and the SFR enforcement mechanisms, are entirely
disjoint.
FAU_STG.1 X
FAU_STG.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FAU_STG.1 SFR. While the
IASM ST implicitly includes the FAU_STG.1 SFR words by using
FAU_STG.2, the sets of specific objects to which the SFRs apply
and the SFR enforcement mechanisms, are entirely disjoint.
FAU_STG.3 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FAU_STG.3 SFR, mainly
because it does not include an equivalent claim.
FAU_STG.4 X X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FAU_STG.4 SFR because it
independently implements the capability for the objects to which the
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IASM ST instance of the SFR applies. The IASM TOE could be
affected by the WXP instance of the SFR if user actions cause the
WXP TOE to invoke the function(s) that implement the SFR.
FCS_COP.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FCS_COP.1 SFR because the
IASM TOE implementation, itself, incorporates all cryptographic
capabilities required for FTP_ITC.
FCS_CKM.1 X
FCS_CKM.2 X
FCS_CKM.4 X
FCS_CKM_EX.1 X
FCS_CKM_EX.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FCS_CKM SFRs because key
management is assumed as a largely manual activity within the
IASM TOE envirionment.
FDP_ACC.2 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FDP_ACC.2 SFR.
FDP_ACF.1 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FDP_ACF.1 SFR.
FDP_IFC.1 X
FDP_IFF.1 X
FDP_ITT.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FDP_IFC.1, FDP_IFF.1, and
FDP_ITT.1 SFRs because all potentially relevant communications
are not with another WXP TOE.
FDP_RIP.2 X
FDP_RIP.2
(Notel_EX) X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FDP_RIP.2 and FDP_RIP.2
(Notel_EX) SFRs as supporting aspects of meeting the WXP
FPT_SEP.1 SFR on which the IASM relies.
FDP_UCT.1 X
FDP_UIT.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FDP_UCT.1 and FDP_UIT.1
SFRs because they only apply to Web User objects, which is too
limited for the IASM purposes.
FIA_AFL.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FIA_AFL.1 SFR because the
IASM uses an authentication mechanism other than the WXP one.
FIA_ATD.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FIA_ATD.1 SFR because the
IASM uses an authentication mechanism and database other than the
WXP one.
FIA_SOS.1 X
FIA_SOS.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FIA_SOS.1 SFR because the
IASM uses a password verification mechanism other than the WXP
one and requires password generation, which WXP doesn’t.
FIA_UAU.1 X
FIA_UAU.6 X
FIA_UAU.7 X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FIA_UAU.1, FIA_UAU.6,
FIA_UAU.7, and FIA_UID.1 SFRs as a secondary basis for meeting
the IASM ST FPT_RVM SFR: as described in section 6.2.2.
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FIA_UID.1 X
FIA_USB.1_EX X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FIA_ USB.1_EX SFR because
the IASM uses an identification mechanism and database other than
the WXP one.
FMT_MOF.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_MOF.1 SFR because the
specific refinements in each ST refer to different objects and events.
FMT_MSA.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_MSA.1 SFR because
each ST refers to different objects and security attributes.
FMT_MSA_EX.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_MSA_EX.2 SFR
because the IASM uses an authentication mechanism other than the
WXP one.
FMT_MSA.3 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_MSA.3 SFR.
FMT_MTD.1 X X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_MTD.1 SFR because the
specific refinements in each ST refer to different objects and events.
FMT_MTD.2 X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FMT_MTD.2 SFR as a secondary
basis for meeting the IASM ST FPT_RVM SFR: as described in
section 6.2.2. As delivered, the IASM uses the default evaluated
settings for OS login at the User Console, but those settings can be
changed to suit site policy.
FMT_REV.1 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_REV.1 SFR.
FMT_SAE.1 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_SAE.1 SFR.
FMT_SMF.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_SMR.1 SFR because
each ST refers to different security functions.
FMT_SMR.1 X X
FMT_SMR.3 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FMT_SMR.1 and
FMT_SMR.3 SFRs because the specific refinements in each ST refer
to different objects and events.
TRANSFER_PROT_
EX.1 X
TRANSFER_PROT_
EX.3
X
FPT_RPL_EX.1 X
FPT_TRC_EX.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the TRANSFER_PROT_EX.1,
TRANSFER_PROT_EX.3, FPT_RPL_EX.1 and FPT_TRC_EX.1
SFRs because all potentially relevant communications are not with
another WXP TOE.
FPT_RVM.1 X X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FPT_RVM.1 SFR as described in
section 6.2.2.
FPT_SEP.1 X X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FPT_SEP.1 SFR as described in
section 6.2.3.
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FPT_STM.1 X X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FPT_STM.1 SFR as described in
section 6.2.4.
FRU_RSA.1 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FRU_RSA.1 SFR.
FTA_LSA_EX.1 X
FTA_MCS_EX.1 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FTA_LSA_EX.1 and
FTA_MCS_EX.1 SFRs because the IASM TOE does not make use
of WXP domains.
FTA_SSL.1 X
FTA_SSL.2 X
The IASM does not rely on the WXP FTA_SSL.1 and FTA_SSL.2
SFRs to meet any of its own SFRs; however, a specific site could use
the WXP capabilities to support IASM TOE Environment
Objectives.
FTA_TAB.1 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FTA_TAB.1 SFR.
FTA_TSE.1 X The IASM does not rely on the WXP FTA_TSE.1 SFR.
FTP_TRP.1 X
The IASM does rely on the WXP FTP_TRP.1 SFR as an implicit
part of the argument that the WXP FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1
SFRs support the IASM FPT_RVM.1 and FPT_SEP.1 SFRs.
11.2.4 IASM TOE Use of Windows XP Professional Evaluated Interfaces
As described in detail in the IASM High-Level Design document, the primary Windows XP
Professional interfaces used by the IASM TOE are the ones for process and window
management and network communications.
11.2.5 IASM TOE Use of Evaluated Version of Windows XP Professional
The Dell PowerEdge 1750 server used in the IASM TOE is a predecessor product to the Dell
Optiplex GX270, which is one of the hardware platforms identified in the [EAL4-WXP-ST]. The
Windows XP Professional OS is statically configured in exactly the configuration specified in
[EAL4-WXP-ST].
11.2.6 Approach to Ensuring that IASM TOE Tests Confirm Correct Use of
Windows XP Professional Interfaces
It is ultimately the responsibility of the CCTL to satisfy this clause of PD-0117 based on the
description of how the IASM TOE leverages the Windows XP Professional SFR (as provided in
Table 11-2 above) and the mapping of the IASM SFRs that leverage Windows XP Professional
SFRs onto IASM Security Functional Tests.
11.2.7 IASM TOE Guidance for Proper Configuration of Windows XP Professional
to Support IASM TOE Security Requirements and Functions
The IASM TOE uses the Windows XP Professional OS as a statically configured, integrated
element of the IASM User Console component that is configured exactly as described in the
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CCEVS Validation Report and [EAL4-WXP-ST] and then patched as described in the IASM
VLA document.
11.2.8 IASM TOE ST Must Identify the Applicable Windows XP Professional ST
[EAL4-WXP-ST] Windows XP Professional Security Target, Version 2.0, Microsoft Corp,
18 October 2002