General Business Use Security Target Lite AT91SC464384RCU (Revision B) Important notice to readers… Atmel makes no warranty for the use of its products, other than those expressly contained in the Company’s standard warranty which is detailed in Atmel’s Terms and Conditions located on the Company’s web site. The Company assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document, reserves the right to change devices or specifications detailed herein at any time without notice, and does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. No licenses to patents or other intellectual property of Atmel are granted by the Company in connection with the sale of Atmel products, expressly or by implication. Atmel’s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. The security of any system in which the product is used will depend on the system’s security as a whole. 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A copy of Atmel’s Terms & Conditions of Supply is available on request. © Atmel Corporation 2008 (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 3 of 76 TPG0172A Contents Section 1 AT91SC464384RCU Security Target Lite ................................................... 9 1.1 Identification................................................................................................. 9 1.2 Overview...................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Common Criteria Conformance Claim....................................................... 12 1.4 Document Objective .................................................................................. 12 1.5 Document Structure................................................................................... 12 1.6 Scope and Terminology............................................................................. 12 1.7 References ................................................................................................ 13 1.8 Revision History......................................................................................... 13 Section 2 Target of Evaluation Description................................................................ 15 2.1 Product Type ............................................................................................. 15 2.2 Smartcard Product Life-cycle..................................................................... 22 2.3 TOE Environment ...................................................................................... 25 2.4 TOE Logical Phases .................................................................................. 27 2.5 TOE Intended Usage ................................................................................. 27 2.6 General IT Features of the TOE ................................................................ 29 Section 3 TOE Security Environment ........................................................................ 31 3.1 Assets ........................................................................................................ 31 3.2 Assumptions .............................................................................................. 33 3.3 Threats....................................................................................................... 35 3.4 Organizational Security Policies ................................................................ 41 Section 4 Security Objectives.................................................................................... 43 4.1 Security Objectives for the TOE................................................................. 43 4.2 Security Objectives for the Environment.................................................... 48 Security Target Lite 4 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Section 5 TOE Security Functional Requirements .................................................... 51 5.1 TOE Functional Requirements...................................................................51 5.2 Security Requirements for the NON-IT-Environment.................................61 5.3 TOE Security Assurance Requirements ....................................................63 Section 6 TOE Summary Specification...................................................................... 65 6.1 TOE Security Functions.............................................................................65 6.2 TOE Assurance Measures.........................................................................68 Section 7 PP Claims .................................................................................................. 71 7.1 PP Reference.............................................................................................71 7.2 PP Refinements.........................................................................................71 7.3 PP Additions ..............................................................................................71 Appendix A Glossary..................................................................................................... 73 (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 5 of 76 TPG0172A Figures Figure 2-1 AT91SC464384RCU Block Diagram ................................................................16 Figure 2-2 SWP Context Overview.....................................................................................19 Figure 2-3 Smartcard Product Life Cycle ...........................................................................24 Figure 3-1 Assumptions......................................................................................................33 Figure 3-2 Standard Threats ..............................................................................................35 Figure 3-3 Specific Threat ..................................................................................................35 Figure 3-4 Attack Model for the TOE..................................................................................36 Figure 3-5 Organizational Security Policies........................................................................41 Figure 4-1 Standard Security Objectives............................................................................44 Figure 4-2 Security Objectives Related to Specific Functionality .......................................44 Figure 5-1 Standard Security Functional Requirements.....................................................51 Figure 5-2 Security Functional Requirements related to Specific Functionality .................52 Security Target Lite 6 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 7 of 76 TPG0172A Tables Table 2-1 Smartcard Product Life-cycle...................................................................... 22 Table 2-2 Phases 4 to 7 Product Users ...................................................................... 28 Table 5-1 EAL4 Package and Augmentation .............................................................. 63 Table 6-1 Relationship Between Assurance Requirements and Measures ................ 68 Security Target Lite 8 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 9 of 76 TPG0172A Section 1 AT91SC464384RCU Security Target Lite 1.1 Identification 1 Title: AT91SC464384RCU Security Target Lite 2 Version: TPG0172A_(07 Aug 08). 3 This Security Target has been constructed with Common Criteria (CC) Version 2.3. 1.2 Overview Protection Profile Claims 4 This Security Target (ST) is conformant to the Protection Profile BSI-PP-002-2001, with additions taken from the Smartcard Integrated Circuit Augmentations BSI-AUG-2002: Project Derivation 5 It is for a microcontroller (MCU) device with security features. The device is a member of a family of single chip MCU devices which are intended for use within Smartcard products. The family codename is AT91SC. Document Title Date BSI-PP-002-2001 Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile V1.0 July 2001 BSI-AUG-2002 Smartcard Integrated Circuit Platform Augmentations March 2002 Security Target Lite 10 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Project Information: Assurance Level 6 The TOE is being evaluated against the CC Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile (BSI-PP-002-2001) to Evaluation Assurance Level 4 (EAL4) augmented with AVA_VLA.4, ALC_DVS.2, ADV_IMP.2, and AVA_MSU.3 under the Common Criteria scheme. Sponsor 7 Atmel Smart Card ICs, a division of ATMEL Corporation, is the developer and the sponsor for the AT90SC ASL4 evaluations. Evaluation Scheme 8 The TOE is evaluated under the French CC Scheme Part Number AT91SC464384RCU Identifier Product Identification Number AT58U21 SN_0=0x43 * Revision B SN_1 = 02x01 * Atmel Toolbox Version 02.03.12.01 (outwith Scope) 0x02031201 * Note * As detailed in [TD] the TOE identified using serial number registers, SN_0 gives the identification of the chip ID for the TOE, SN_1 gives the revision identifier for the TOE For the Atmel toolbox the version number is outputed by the TOE when the TBX self test function is executed [APP_TBX] Atmel Corporation 3235 Orchard Parkway San Jose CA95131 USA Centre De Certification Direction centrale de la securite des systemes d’information 51 bouleverard de la Tour-maubourg 75700 Paris France AT91SC464384RCU Security Target Lite (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 11 of 76 TPG0172A Evaluator 9 The TOE is independently verified by the following Test facility (ITSEF), registered with the French CC Scheme. Brief TOE Description 10 The devices in the AT91SC family are based on the SC100 32-bit family of single-chip microcontroller devices. The SC100 microcontroler is based on the ARM® enhanced RISC architecture. AT91SC devices are equipped with Flash, RAM, ROM and EEPROM, cryptographic coprocessors, and a host of security features to protect device assets, making them suitable for a wide range of smartcard applications. Thales BPI 1414 18 avenue Edouard Belin Toulouse France Security Target Lite 12 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 1.3 Common Criteria Conformance Claim 11 This Security Target Lite is conformant to parts 2 and 3 of the Common Criteria, V2.3, as follows: „ Part 2 extended: the security functional requirements are based on those identified in part 2 of the Common Criteria, the additional security functional requirements are defined in BSI-PP-002-2001 Protection Profile. „ Part 3 conformant: the security assurance requirements are in the form of an EAL (assurance package) that is based upon assurance components in part 3 of the Common Criteria (CC).The augmentations used are also taken from part 3 of the Common Criteria. 1.4 Document Objective 12 The purpose of this document is to satisfy the Common Criteria (CC) requirements for a Security Target Lite; in particular, to specify the security requirements and functions, and the assurance requirements and measures, in accordance with Protection Profile BSI-PP-002-2001, Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile, and including augmentations from, Smartcard Integrated Circuit Platform Augmentations. 1.5 Document Structure Section 1 introduces the Security Target Lite, and includes sections on terminology, references and main actors. Section 2 contains the product description and describes the TOE as an aid to the understanding of its security requirements and addresses the product type, the intended usage and the general features of the TOE. Section 3 describes the TOE security environment. Section 4 describes the required security objectives. Section 5 describes the TOE security functional requirements. Section 6 describes the TOE security functions. Section 7 describes the Protection Profile (PP) claims. Appendix A provides a glossary of the terms and abbreviations. 1.6 Scope and Terminology 13 Security objectives are defined herein with labels in the form O.xx_xx. These labels are used elsewhere for reference. Similarly, modes, assets, subjects, threats, assumptions AT91SC464384RCU Security Target Lite (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 13 of 76 TPG0172A and organizational security policy are defined with labels of the form M.xx_xx, D.xx_xx, S.xx_xx, T.xx_xx, A.xx_xx, and P.xx_xx respectively. 14 Hexadecimal numbers are prefixed by 0x, e.g. 0xFF is 255 decimal. Binary numbers are prefixed by%, e.g.%0001 1011 is decimal 27. An integer value may be expressed as a hexadecimal, binary or decimal number, whichever form is the most convenient. 1.7 References 15 The AT91SC464384RCU Deliverables List (EDL) identifies the latest revision of the following documents, the EDL list details all the deliverables sent as evidence as part of the TOE evaluation. Within this security target the above are referred to with the use of [ ] brackets, for example [WSR] refers to the document Wafer saw Recommendations, the ST user should refer to the this document for further information. Some documents listed above are only available to an ITSEF, the Composite product developer should refer to their ITSEF for guidance on what they require. 1.8 Revision History [ESOF] AT90SC Strength of Security Functions Analysis [STI] Standard Test Interface [TD] AT91SC464384RCU Technical Data (TPR0284) [APP_AdvX] AdvX for AT91SC Family (TPR0053) [APP_TBX] Using Toolbox version 02.03.12.xx (TPR0333) [APP_CRYPT] Efficient use of AdvX for Implementing Cryptographic Operations [WSR] Wafer Saw Recommendations (TPG0079) Rev Date Description Originator A 07 Aug 08 Initial release John Boggie Security Target Lite 14 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 15 of 76 TPG0172A Section 2 Target of Evaluation Description 16 This part of the Security Target Lite (ST-lite) describes the Target of Evaluation (TOE) as an aid to the understanding of its security requirements and address the product type, the intended usage and the general features of the TOE. 2.1 Product Type 17 The TOE is the single chip microcontroller unit to be used in a smartcard product. Specifically, the TOE is the AT91SC464384RCU device from the AT91SC family of smartcard devices. Generally, a smartcard product may include other optional elements (such as specific hardware components, batteries, capacitors, antennae) but these are not in the scope of this Security Target. 18 The devices in the AT91SC family are based on the Low power 32-bit ARM SC100 enhanced RISC architecure. The SC100 core allows the protection and the linear addressing of up to 1M bytes of code data as well as a number of functional and security features. 19 The SC100 supports both ARM and Thumb® instruction sets. ARM instructions are 32 bits in length, they are suited to write high performance services. Thumb instructions have a single 16-bit word format, they are designed to write compact and efficient code. 20 The CPU controls 15 peripherals in a 8k-Byte space that can contain up to 32 256-byte peripherals. Each peripheral has a dedicated function such as Timer/Counters, serial pins, power control, exceptions, AdvX and other I/O functions. 21 Additional security features include power and frequency protection logic, logical scrambling on program data and addresses, Power Analysis countermeasures and memory access controlled by privileged modes. 22 The TOE requires engineering embedded software to test the device and demonstrate certain security characteristics during the development phase. In the end-usage phase there will be no engineering embedded test software in the TOE. Production test software will be downloaded into the device EEPROM and be fully erased before devices leave the test environment. This production test software is only used in the testing phase of the TOE life cycle and is fully erased before disabling Test Mode, therefore this test software is outwith the scope of the evaluation. Test Mode disable is achieved by sawing the wafer. Security Target Lite 16 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 23 Any faulty devices returned by a customer can be put into package mode. This allows the test engineer to access the EEPROM to analyse the failure. On entering package mode the EEPROM is erased clearing any customer data, Package Mode only allows a limited set operations and inputs [PME]. Figure 2-1 AT91SC464384RCU Block Diagram 24 Figure 2-1 shows the block diagram of the TOE, listed below is the features of the device. General „ High performance, Low power 32-bit ARM SC100 Enhanced RISC Architecure „ Low power Idle and Power down Modes „ Bond Pad Locations Conforming to ISO 7816-2 „ ESD Protection to ±6000V „ Operating Ranges: from 1.6V to 5.5V „ Compliant with GSM, 3GPP and EMV 2000 Specifications Pipeline ROM Program Memory Thumb Instruction decompressor AdvX Crypto- Accelerator ISO 7816 I/O Port 0 Timer EEPROM User Memory OTP Secure Control Firewall I/O0 DES/3DES 32 On-chip security (SPA, DPA, ...) Reset Circuit RST ISO 7816 Controller CRC16&32 Engine SC100™ Core 32 32 RAM Java Accelerator RNG MPU 32 32 8/16/32 SWP I/O0 SWP I/O CLK GND VCC 8/16/32 Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 17 of 76 TPG0172A Memory „ 464K bytes ROM Program Memory „ 384K bytes EEPROM, Including 128 OTP bytes and 384-byte Bit-addressable bytes „ 1 to 128-byte Program/Erase „ 1.25ms Program, 1,25ms Erase „ Endurance: 500,000 Write/Erase Cycles at 25oC „ 10 Years Data Retention „ 16K bytes RAM memory + 2K Bytes of shared RAM Perhiperals „ One I/O Port „ One ISO 7816 Controller „ Up to 625 kbps at 5Mhz „ Compliant with T=0 and T=1 Protocols „ Single Wire Protocol (SWP) Controller „ Programmable Internal Oscillator (Up to 35Mhz on ROM) „ Two 16-bit Timers with Watchdog capability „ Random Number Generator (RNG) „ 2-level, 15-Interrupt Controller „ Hardware DES and Triple DES (DPA/DEMA Resistant) „ CRC16 and 32 Engine (Compliant with ISO/IEC 3309) „ 32-bit Cryptographic Accelerator (AdvX for Public Key Operations) „ To support RSA, DSA, Key Generation, ECC (Outwith Scope of this evaluation) 25 The TOE widely uses ATMEL high density non volatile memories. 26 The EEPROM includes a charge pump and its oscillator, security encoding bytes (scrambling keys, security configuration bytes), but also some chip traceability information and a transport code. 27 The TOE has a 32-bit Cryptographic Accelerator (AdvX) and a section of ROM can be loaded with either the ATMEL Toolbox library or it can be loaded with the Customer Proprietary crypto library. 02.03.12.01 Atmel Toolbox 28 The Atmel Toolbox [TBX] 02.03.12.01, software library allowing fast cryptographic algorithm implementations (RSA, SHA-1, Prime Generation,...) on the AdvX. The Security Target Lite 18 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A cryptographic library is stored in ROM. A crypto library [TBX] with cryptographic primitives (such as modular exponentiation) is provided by ATMEL. Customer Toolbox 29 The customer may provide a proprietary cryptographic library to be implemented instead. If the customer wish to supply their own cryptographic library, Atmel give guidance on how to maintain the security level of the TOE through customer guidance notes [APP_AdvX] and [APP_CRYPT]. 30 The TOE includes security logic comprising detectors which monitor voltage, frequency, temperature and light exposure. Firewall/Memory Protection Unit 31 The memory space can be split into regions.. 32 The MPU/Firewall defines the possible modes of execution for the ARM SC100 program execution. Java Accelerator 33 The TOE includes a Javacard Accelerator. SWP Controller 34 The TOE includes a SWP module with the following characteristics: „ Compliant with the SWP specifications written by the SWP working group „ Full-duplex on 1 wire „ Data speed rate supported: 212Kb/s up to 1696Kb/s „ Majority filter for clock recovery „ Class B and C compliant „ Internally clocked by a 20MHz VFO „ Dedicated RAM „ Special registers to ease the code development Note Please note that within the scope of the evaluation is the TOE hardware. The algorithms listed above do not form part of the evaluation never the less the Atmel Toolbox must be considered as part of the evaluation, to prevent malicious interference with the security operation of the TOE. Note The MPU (Memory Protection Unit) and the Firewall work together to define the memory regions that may be accesses by the various authenticated users. Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 19 of 76 TPG0172A 35 The Single Wire Protocol was designed to enable the communication between a USIM/SIM card and a Near Field Interface Component through a one line connection. Figure 2-2 SWP Context Overview 36 Once test mode has been disabled by wafer saw the only other way to access the EEPROM test modes is to enter package mode, this is restricted mode and does not have all the features of test mode, Package mode is within the scope of the evaluation. 37 The smartcard embedded software delivered by the software developer for the device comprises ROM, EEPROM and OTP EEPROM. This smartcard embedded software is outwith the scope of the evaluation. TOE Interfaces 38 The TOE interfaces consist of: „ The physical surface of the circuit „ The ISO7816-3 electrical contacts (VCC, GND, CLK, RST, I/O0) „ The Single Wire Protocol I/O „ The software interface to the hardware component through memories and registers C6 contact Near Field Interface (Master) SIM/USIM (Slave) antenna Single Wire Protocol External Contactless Infrastructure S1 driven by master Voltage loop S2 driven by slave Current loop Security Target Lite 20 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Customer Software Guidance Documents 39 The guidance documents applicable for the development of the smartcard embedded software for this TOE are: 40 The software developer should refer to the Certification report issued by BSI for the correct revisions of the documents stated above. 2.1.1 Scope of Evaluation Summary Within the Scope of the Evaluation „ AT91SC464384RCU Hardware device „ Package Mode „ Atmel Security User Guidance as detailed on page 20 „ The TOE interfaces as detailed in Section 38 „ Phases 2-3 of the Life Cycle „ The Atmel Toolbox 02.03.12.00 Outwith the Scope of the Evaluation „ Software loaded during Phase 2-3, used to test the TOE „ Atmel Toolbox Cryptographic functions „ Customer Toolbox code [TD] AT91SC464384RCU Technical Data (TPR0284) [ATM_CG] ARM Developer Suite Compilers and Libraries Guide [APP_SEC] Security Recommendations for the AT91SC464384RCU Product (TPR0267) [APP_DES] Secure Hardware DES/TDES on the AT91SC ASL4 Products [APP_RNG_ENT] Generating Random Numbers with a controlled entropy on the AT91SC464384RCU Product (TPR0331) [TBX] Toolbox 02.03.12.00 for AT91SCxxxxC Family with AdvX (TPR0333) [APP_SCRY] Securing Cryptographic Operations on AT90SC products with the Toolbox 3.10.x (TPR0260) [APP_CRYPT] Efficient use of AdvX for Implementing Cryptographic Operations [WSR] Wafer Saw Recommendations (TPG0079) Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 21 of 76 TPG0172A „ Strength of Cryptographic Functions „ Phases 1 and 4-7 of the Life Cycle Security Target Lite 22 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 2.2 Smartcard Product Life-cycle 41 The smartcard product life-cycle consists of 7 phases where the following authorities are involved . Life Cycle Definition 42 The limits of the evaluation correspond to phases 2 and 3, including the phase 1 delivery and verification procedures and the TOE delivery to the IC packaging manufacturer ; procedures corresponding to phases 4, 5, 6 and 7 are outside the scope of the Security Target. Table 2-1 Smartcard Product Life-cycle Phase 1 Smartcard software development The smartcard software developer is in charge of the smartcard embedded software development and the specification of IC pre-personalization requirements, Phase 2 IC Development The IC designer designs the IC, develops IC dedicated software, provides information, software or tools to the smartcard software developer, and receives the software from the developer, through trusted delivery and verification procedures. From the IC design, IC dedicated software and smartcard embedded software, the IC designer constructs the smartcard IC database, necessary for the IC photomask fabrication. Phase 3 IC manufacturing and testing The IC manufacturer is responsible for producing the IC through three main steps: „ IC manufacturing „ IC testing „ IC pre-personalization Phase 4 IC packaging and testing The IC packaging manufacturer is responsible for the IC packaging and testing. Phase 5 Smartcard product finishing process The smartcard product manufacturer is responsible for the smartcard product finishing process and testing. Phase 6 Smartcard personalization The personalizer is responsible for the smartcard personalization and final tests. Other application software may be loaded onto the chip at the personalization process. Phase 7 Smartcard end-usage The smartcard issuer is responsible for the smartcard product delivery to the smartcard end-user, and the end of life process. Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 23 of 76 TPG0172A 43 Nevertheless, in certain cases, it would be of great interest to include the phase 4 (IC packaging and testing), within the limits of the TOE. However, for the time being, this option remains outside the scope of this Security Target. 44 Figure 2-3 describes the Smartcard product life-cycle. Security Target Lite 24 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Figure 2-3 Smartcard Product Life Cycle Legend Limits of the development cycle Trusted delivery and verification procedures Smartcard Embedded software Pre-personalization data and Atmel Toolbox data, or customer Toolbox where applicable IC sensitive information software, tools (not applicable) Test Libraries, Atmel Crypto Library Design, Place & Route Center, MaskPrep, Atmel Design Centre. Maskshop Wafer Manufacturing Facility Test Center (Memory test, Wafer Thinning, Test, Sawing) Atmel Test centre . Production Phase User Phase Development Phase Smartcard IC Database Construction IC Photomask Fabrication IC Testing and Security Encoding IC Manufacturing IC Packaging Smartcard Product Finishing Process Testing (1) Personalization Testing (1) Smartcard Product End-Usage (1) End of Life Process IC Design IC Dedicated Software IC Personalization requirements Smartcard embedded software (not applicable) IC Personalization requirements Testing (1) Phase 7 Phase 6 Phase 5 Phase 3 Phase 2 Phase 1 Phase 4 IC Personalization requirements Product Construction Product Usage (1) Any faulty TOEs would be returned to the Testing Centre and placed in Package Mode to perform failure analysis. Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 25 of 76 TPG0172A Secure Delivery Between Phases 45 These different phases may be performed at different sites; procedures on the delivery process of the TOE shall exist and be applied for every delivery within a phase or between phases. This includes any kind of delivery performed from phase 1 to phase 7, including: „ Intermediate delivery of the TOE or the TOE under construction within a phase „ Delivery of the TOE or the TOE under construction from one phase to the next 46 These procedures shall be compliant with the assumptions [A_DLV] developed in Section 3.2. 47 Although the return of faulty TOEs is applicable to Phases 4-7 therefore outwith the scope of the evaluation, the fact that Package mode is controlled by hardware means that Package mode is within the scope of the evaluation. 2.3 TOE Environment 48 Considering the TOE, three types of environments are defined: „ Development environment corresponding to phase 2 „ Production environment corresponding to phase 3 „ User environment, from phase 4 to phase 7 2.3.1 TOE Development Environment 49 To assure security, the environment in which the development takes place is made secure with controllable accesses having traceability. Access to the development building is strictly monitored by a security person. Visitors must sign a log book and record the time of arrival and time of departure to the building. All visitors are escorted by authorized personnel at all times. All authorized personnel involved fully understand the importance and the rigid implementation of the defined security procedures. 50 The development begins with the TOE's specification. All parties in contact with sensitive information are required to abide by Non-Disclosure Agreements. 51 Design and development of the IC then follows. The design engineer uses appropriate software tools running on a UNIX operating system with the necessary password controls to make his schematic entry/RTL descriptions, design simulations, verifications and generation of the TOE's IC photomask databases. Sensitive documents, databases on tapes, diskettes, and circuit layout information are stored in appropriate locked cupboards and safes. Disposal of unwanted confidential data is carried out by shredding (paper documents) or complete electronic erasures (electronic documents, databases). Security Target Lite 26 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 52 Reticles and photomasks are generated from the verified IC database. These are manufactured by Maskshop, for wafer fab processing undertaken as within the Atmel Manufacturing Facility. Data is transferred from the ATMEL design centre to the photomask manufacturer by means of an encrypted electronic link or handcarried tapes. The reticles and photomasks are then shipped in a secure manner to the wafer fab processing facilities. 2.3.2 TOE Production Environment 53 Production starts within the Wafer Fab; here the silicon wafers undergo diffusion processing in 25-wafer lots. Computer tracking at wafer level throughout the process is achieved by a based batch tracking system. 54 The tracking system is an on-line manufacturing system which monitors the progress of the wafers through the fabrication cycle. After fabrication the wafers are tested for memory wake-up, then, sent to Test Center where they are thinned to a pre-specified thickness and tested. The TOE is then tested to assure conformance with the device specification. During the IC testing, security encoding is performed where some of the EEPROM bytes are programmed with the unique traceability information, and the customer software is loaded in the EEPROM if required. 55 The wafers are inked to separate the functional ICs from the non-functional ICs. Finally, the wafers are thinned, sawn and then shipped to the customer. Unsawn wafers may be shipped to the customer if requested. 2.3.3 TOE User Environment 56 The TOE user environment is the environment of phases 4 to 7. 57 At phases 4, 5, and 6, the TOE user environment is a controlled environment. 58 Following the sawing step, the wafers are split into individual dies. The good ICs are assembled into modules in a module assembly plant. 59 Further testing is carried out followed by the shipment of the modules to the smartcard product manufacturer (embedder) by means of a secure carrier. 60 Additional testing occurs followed by smartcard personalization, retesting and then delivery to the smartcard issuer. Note The TOE is thinned to a thickness of 150 µm. If the customer require a different thickness they have the option to specify this using their Purchase Order (PO) Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 27 of 76 TPG0172A End-user environment (Phase 7) 61 Smartcards are used in a wide range of applications to assure authorized conditional access. Examples of such are Pay-TV, Banking Cards, Portable communication SIM cards, Health cards, Transportation cards. 62 Therefore, the user environment covers a wide spectrum of very different functions, thus making it difficult to avoid or monitor any abuse of the TOE. 2.4 TOE Logical Phases 63 During its construction usage, the TOE may be under several life logical phases. These phases are sorted under a logical controlled sequence. The change from one phase to the next shall be under the TOE control. 2.5 TOE Intended Usage 64 The TOE can be incorporated in several applications such as: „ Banking and finance market for credit/debit cards, electronic purse (stored value cards) and electronic commerce. „ Network based transaction processing such as mobile phones (GSM SIM cards), pay-TV (subscriber and pay-per-view cards), communication highways (Internet access and transaction processing). „ Transport and ticketing market (access control cards). „ Governmental cards (ID-cards, healthcards, driver license etc). „ Multimedia commerce and Intellectual Property Rights protection. 65 During the phases 1, 2, 3, the product is being developed and produced. The administrators are the following: „ The smartcard embedded software developer „ The smartcard IC designer The Atmel toolbox [TBX] is developed during Phase 2 of the product life cycle. „ The IC manufacturer 66 Table 2-2 lists the users of the product during phases 4 to 7. Security Target Lite 28 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Table 2-2 Phases 4 to 7 Product Users 67 The product may be used in the following modes: a) Test Mode, in which the product runs under the control of dedicated test software After testing, Test Mode is permanently disabled by sawing off the test pads, and the product is set to User Mode.Test Mode is permanently disabled by sawing the wafer. Phase 4 „ Packaging manufacturer (administrator) „ Smartcard embedded software developer „ System integrator, such as the terminal software developer Phase 5 „ Smartcard product manufacturer (administrator) „ Smartcard embedded software developer „ System integrator, such as the terminal software developer Phase 6 „ Personalizer (administrator) „ Customers who, before manufacture, determine the MCU’s mask options and the initial memory contents (i.e. the application program), and who, after manufacture, incorporate the MCU into devices. Customers are trusted and privileged users. „ Smartcard issuer (administrator). „ Smartcard embedded software developer. „ System integrator, such as the terminal software developer. Phase 7 „ Smartcard issuer (administrator) „ Smartcard end-user, who use devices incorporating the MCU. End-users are not trusted and may attempt to attack the MCU. „ Smartcard software developer. „ System integrator, such as the terminal software developer. The IC manufacturer and the smartcard product manufacturer may also receive ICs for analysis, should problems occur during the smartcard usage. Note Target of Evaluation Description (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 29 of 76 TPG0172A b) Package Mode is a mode similar to Test Mode for testing returns from Phases 4-7. Package Mode runs a limited subset of test commands. This mode is intended to be used solely by authorized staff. c) User Mode, in which the product runs under control of the Product Embedded Software. It is intended that customers and end-users will always use the product in User Mode. This mode is reserved for Phases 4 to 7. If a faulty TOE is returned from the field then analysis can be done either in User Mode, or Package Mode by an authorized test engineer. 68 The only modes of operation are those stated in paragraph 67 a), b) and c). 2.6 General IT Features of the TOE 69 The TOE IT functionalities consist of tamper resistant data storage and processing such as: „ Arithmetic functions (e.g. incrementing counters in electronic purses, calculating currency conversion in electronic purses) „ Data communication „ Cryptographic operations (e.g. random number generation, data encryption, digital signature verification) Security Target Lite 30 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 31 of 76 TPG0172A Section 3 TOE Security Environment 70 This section describes the security aspects of the environment in which the TOE is intended to be used, and addresses the description of the assets to be protected, the assumptions, the threats, and the organizational security policies. 71 The environment elements are derived from BSI-PP-002-2001 and adapted to the AT91SC464384RCU TOE to cover all the phases of the TOE life cycle, and also the delivery from one phase to another. 3.1 Assets 3.1.1 Assets regarding the Threats 72 Assets are security relevant elements of the TOE that include the Primary and Secondary assets. Primary Assets „ User application data (D.xxx_DATA) of the TOE comprising the IC pre- personalization requirements, located in: „ CPU ROM (D.CPU_ROM_DATA), „ Crypto ROM (D.CRYPTO_ROM_DATA), „ EEPROM (D.EEPROM_DATA), „ CPU RAM (D.CPU_RAM_DATA), „ Crypto RAM (D.ADVX_RAM_DATA), „ Peripherals (D.PERIPH_DATA), The User data can be subject to manipulation and disclosure while being stored or processed by the TOE. „ Smartcard embedded software (D.xxx_SOFT) located in: „ CPU ROM (D.CPU_ROM_SOFT), „ Crypto ROM (D.CRYPTO_ROM_SOFT), „ EEPROM (D.EEPROM_SOFT), Smartcard Embedded software needs to be protected to prevent manipulation and disclosure. „ IC dedicated software (D.xxx_DSOFT) located in: Security Target Lite 32 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A „ CPU ROM (D.CPU_ROM_DSOFT), „ Crypto ROM (D.CRYPTO_ROM_DSOFT), „ CPU EEPROM (D.EEPROM_DSOFT), „ IC dedicated support software: „ Random numbers generated by the TOE (D.RNG_DATA) 73 Therefore, the TOE itself is an asset. Secondary Assets 74 There are many ways to manipulate or disclose the User Data: 1. An attacker may manipulate the smartcard Embedded Software or the TOE (Primary assets) 2. An attacker may cause malfunctions of the TOE or abuse Test Features provided by the TOE. Such attacks usually require design information of the TOE to be obtained. Therefore, the design information is a secondary asset. „ IC specification (D.IC_SPEC) „ Design (D.DESIGN) „ Development tools (D.DEV_TOOLS) „ Technology (D.TECHNO) „ Photomasks (D.MASK) 75 The above secondary assets disclose the following information to an attacker and therefore need to be protected. 1. The circuitry of the IC (hardware including the physical memories) 2. The IC dedicated Software with the parts IC Dedicated Test software, and IC dedicated support software 3. The TSF data 76 Assets must be protected in terms of confidentiality and integrity. Grouping of Assets / Object Definition 77 These assets can be grouped to define objects that must be protected, which is useful for the following sections of this document. „ O1: CPU ROM: covering D.CPU_ROM_DATA, D.CPU_ROM_SOFT, D.CPU_ROM_DSOFT, „ O2: EEPROM: covering D.EEPROM_DATA, D.EEPROM_SOFT, D.EEPROM_DSOFT, TOE Security Environment (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 33 of 76 TPG0172A „ O3: Crypto ROM: covering D.CRYPTO_ROM_DATA, D.CRYPTO_ROM_SOFT, D.CRYPTO_ROM_DSOFT, „ O4: CPU RAM: covering D.CPU_RAM_DATA, „ O5: CRYPTO RAM: covering D.CRYPTO_RAM_DATA, „ O6: Peripherals and IO Registers: covering D.PERIPH_DATA, D.RNG_DATA, 3.2 Assumptions 78 This Security Target claims conformance to the BSI-PP-002-2001 “Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile”, the assumptions defined in section 3.2 of the PP are valid for this security target and are listed below. Figure 3-1 Assumptions A.Plat-Appl Usage of Hardware Platform The Smartcard Embedded Software shall be designed according to the latest TOE user guidance as stated in Section 2.1 on page 20. The Smartcard Embedded Software designer should also take into account the findings of the TOE evaluation report. Applies to Phase 1 A.Process-Card A.Plat-Appl A.Resp-Appl Scope of Protection Profile PP-BSI-002 Outwith the Protection Profile PP-BSI-002 Security Target Lite 34 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A A.Resp-Appl Treatment of User Data User data is owned by the Smartcard Embedded Software. Therefore, is assumed that security relevant User Data for example Cryptographic keys, are treated by the Smartcard Embedded Software according to the requirements of the specific end application. Applies to Phase 1 A.Process-Card Protection during Packaging, Finishing and Personalisation It is assumed that security procedures are used after delivery of the TOE by the TOE Manufacturer up to delivery to the end-user to maintain confidentiality and integrity of the TOE. These procedures shall prevent any possible copy, modification, retention, theft or unauthorised use of the TOE or the system In the case where unsawn wafers are delivered, it is assumed that the wafer saw guidance is known and used by the customer [WSR]. Applies to Phase 4-6 TOE Security Environment (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 35 of 76 TPG0172A 3.3 Threats 79 This Security Target claims conformance to the BSI-PP-002-2001 “Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile”, the threats defined in section 3.3 of the PP are valid for this security target and are listed below. According to BSI-PP-002-2001, there are the following standard high-level security concerns 80 The security concerns 1 and 2 give rise to the following threats: Figure 3-2 Standard Threats 81 The security concern 3 gives rise to the following threat: Figure 3-3 Specific Threat SC1 Manipulation of User Data and of the Smartcard Embedded Software (while being executed/processed and while being stored in the TOE’s memories) SC2 Disclosure of User Data and of the Smartcard Embedded Software (while being processed and while being stored in the TOE’s memories) SC3 Deficiency of random numbers T.Phys-Manipulation T.Phys-Probing T.Malfunction T.Leak-Inherent T.Leak-Forced T.Abuse-Func T.Mem_Access Scope of Protection Profile PP-BSI-002 Outwith the Protection Profile PP-BSI-002 T.RND Security Target Lite 36 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 82 The TOE is exposed to different types of influences or interactions with it’s outside world. Some of them may result from just using the TOE, others may also indicate an attack. The different types of influences or interactions are shown in Figure 3-4. Figure 3-4 Attack Model for the TOE 83 An interaction with the TOE can be done through the ISO interfaces (number 7-9 in Figure 3-4) which are realized using contacts. Influences or interactions with the TOE also occurs through the chip surface (number 1-6 in Figure 3-4). In number 1and 6 galvanic contacts are used. In number 2 and 5 the influence (arrow directed to the chip) does not require a contact. Number 3 and 4 refer to specific situations where the TOE and it’s functional behaviour is not only influenced but definite changes are made by applying mechanical, chemical and other methods (such as 1 and 2). Many attacks require a prior inspection and some reverse-engineering (number 3). 1 2 Electrical Stimulation Energy and Particle Exposure (e.g. temperature) 3 4 Inspection and Reverse-engineering Physical Manipulation 9 8 7 6 5 Electrical Simulation (glitches etc.) Communication Electrical Measurement and Analysis (Also for unbonded pads) Electrical Measurement and Analysis Electro-magnetic Interaction/radiation and Analysis TOE Security Environment (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 37 of 76 TPG0172A 84 The Smartcard Embedded Software must contribute to averting the threats: At least it must not undermine the security provided by the TOE. For details refer to the assumptions regarding the Smartcard Embedded Software, specified in Section 3.2. Standard Threats (referring to SC1 and SC2). 85 The TOE shall avert the threats listed below: T.Leak-Inherent Inherent Information Leakage An attacker may exploit information which is leaked from the TOE during usage of the smartcard in order to disclose confidential data (User Data or TSF data). No direct contact with the smartcard internal is required here. Leakage may occur through emanations, variations in power consumption, I/O characteristics, clock frequency, or by changes in processing time requirements. One example is the Differential Power Analysis (DPA). This leakage may be interpreted as a covert channel transmission but is more closely related to measurement of operating parameters, which may be derived either from direct (contact) measurements (numbers 6 and 7 Figure 3-4) or measurement of emanations (number 5) and can be related to the specific operation being performed. Security Target Lite 38 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A T.Phys-Probing Physical Probing An attacker may perform physical probing of the TOE in order to: „ Disclose User Data „ Disclose/reconstruct the Smartcard Embedded Software „ Disclose other critical operational information especially TSF data Physical probing requires direct interaction with the Smartcard Integrated Circuit internals (numbers 5 and 6 Figure 3-4). Techniques commonly employed in IC failure analysis and IC reverse engineering efforts may be used. Before hardware security mechanisms and layout characteristics need to be identified (number 3). Determination of software design including treatment of User Data may also be a perquisite. This pertains to “measurements” using galvanic contacts or any type of charge interaction whereas manipulations are considered under the threat “Physical Manipulation” (T.Phys-Manipulation). The threats “inherent Information Leakage” (T.Leak-Inherent) and “Forced Information Leakage” (T.Leak-Forced) may use physical probing but require complex signal processing in addition. T.Malfunction Malfunction due to Environmental Stress An attacker may cause a malfunction of TSF or of the Smartcard Embedded Software by applying environmental stress in order to: „ Deactivate or modify security features or functions of the TOE „ Deactivate or modify security functions of the Smartcard Embedded Software This may be achieved by operating the smartcard outside the normal operating conditions (numbers 1, 2 and 9 Figure 3-4). To exploit this the attacker needs information about the functional operation. TOE Security Environment (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 39 of 76 TPG0172A T.Phys-Manipulation Physical Manipulation An attacker may physically modify the smartcard in order to: „ Modify security features or functions of the TOE „ Modify security functions of the Smartcard Embedded Software „ Modify User Data The modification may be achieved through techniques commonly employed in IC failure analysis (Numbers 1, 2 and 4 in Figure 3-4) and IC reverse engineering efforts (Number 3 in Figure 3-4). The modification may result in the deactivation of a security function. Before that hardware security mechanisms and layout characteristics need to be identified. Determination of software design including treatment of User Data may also be a pre-requisite. Changes of circuitry or data can be permanent or temporary. In contrast to malfunctions (refer to T.Malfunction) the attacker requires to gather significant knowledge about the TOE’s internal construction here (number 3 Figure 3-4). Security Target Lite 40 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A T.Leak-Forced Forced Information Leakage An attacker may exploit information which is leaked from the TOE during usage of the product in order to disclose confidential data (User Data, TSF data) even if the information leakage is not inherent but caused by the attacker. This threat pertains to attacks where methods described in “Malfunction due to Environmental Stress” (refer to T.Malfunction) and/or “Physical Manipulation” (refer to T.Phys-Manipulation) are used to cause leakage from signals (numbers 5, 6, 7 and 8 Figure 3-4) which normally do not contain significant information about secrets. T.Abuse-Function Abuse of Functionality An attacker may use functions of the TOE which may not be used after TOE delivery in order to: „ Disclose or manipulate User Data „ Manipulate (explore, bypass, deactivate or change) security features or functions of the TOE or of the Smartcard Embedded Software „ Enable an attack T.Mem-Access Memory Access Violation Parts of the Smartcard Embedded Software may cause security violations by accidentally or deliberately accessing restricted data (which may include code). Any restrictions are defined by the security policy of the specific application context. TOE Security Environment (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 41 of 76 TPG0172A Threats Related to Specific Functionality (referring to SC3) 86 The TOE shall avert the threat below 3.4 Organizational Security Policies 87 This Security Target claims conformance to the BSI-PP-002-2001 “Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile”, the Security Policy defined in section 3.2 of the PP is valid for this security target and is listed below. 88 The TOE may provide specific security functionality which can be used by the Smartcard Embedded Software. Particular specific security functionality may not necessarily be derived from threats identified for the TOE's environment because it can only be decided in the context of the smartcard application, against which threats the Smartcard Embedded Software will use the specific security functionality. Therefore, the necessity of some specific functionality may not derived from a threat. The Security organizational policies are shown in Figure 3-5. Figure 3-5 Organizational Security Policies T.RND Deficiency of Random Numbers An attacker may predict or obtain information about random numbers generated by the TOE for instance because of a lack of entropy of the random numbers provided. An attacker may gather information about the reduced random numbers which might be a problem because they may be used for instance to generate cryptographic keys. Here the attacker is expected to take advantage of statistical properties of the random numbers generated by the TOE without specific knowledge about the TOE’s generator. Malfunctions or premature ageing are also considered which may assist in getting information about random numbers. P.Process-TOE P.Add-Functions Within scope of PP-BSI-0002 Outwith scope of PP-BSI-0002 Security Target Lite 42 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 89 The TOE developer must apply the policy “Protection during TOE Development and Production” (P.Process-TOE) as specified below. 90 The IC developer must apply the policy “Additional Specific Security Functionality” (P.Add-Functions) as specified below. P.Process-TOE Protection during TOE Development and Production The TOE Manufacturer must ensure that the development and production of the Smartcard Integrated Circuit (Phase 2 up to TOE Delivery, refer to Section 2.2) is secure so that no information is unintentionally made available for the operational phase of the TOE. For example, the confidentiality and integrity of design information and test data shall be guaranteed; access to samples, development tools and other material shall be restricted to authorised persons only; scrap will be destroyed etc. This not only pertains to the TOE but also to all information and material exchanged with the developer of the Smartcard Embedded Software and therefore especially to the Smartcard Embedded Software itself. This includes the delivery (exchange) procedures for Phase 1 and the Phases after TOE Delivery as far as they can be controlled by the TOE Manufacturer. An accurate identification must be established for the TOE. This requires that each instantiation of the TOE carries this unique identification. For a list of assets refer to Section 3.1.1. P.Add-Functions Additional Specific Security Functionality The TOE must provide the following specific security functionality to the Smartcard Embedded Software, according to accepted international standard: „ Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 43 of 76 TPG0172A Section 4 Security Objectives 91 The security objectives of the TOE contains the following sections: „ Security Objectives for the TOE „ Security Objectives for the Environment 4.1 Security Objectives for the TOE According to this Security Target, there are the following standard high level security goals: 92 Though the Smartcard Embedded Software stored in ROM, will in many cases not contain secret data or algorithms, it must be protected from being disclosed, since for instance knowledge of specific implementation details may assist an attacker. In many cases critical User Data will be stored in the EEPROM. 93 These standard high-level security goals are refined below by defining security objectives as required by the Common Criteria (Figure 4-1). Note that the integrity of the TOE is a means to reach these objectives. SG1 Maintain the integrity of User Data and of the Smartcard Embedded Software (when being executed/processed and when being stored in the TOE's memories). SG2 maintain the confidentiality of User Data and of the Smartcard Embedded Software (when being processed and when being stored in the TOE's memories). Security Target Lite 44 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Figure 4-1 Standard Security Objectives 94 According to the security this security target there are the following high level security goals related to specific functionality: 95 The additional high level security considerations are refined below by defining security objectives as required by the Common Criteria. Figure 4-2 Security Objectives Related to Specific Functionality SG3 Provide Random Numbers. SG4 Provide additional security functionality. O.Phys-Manipulation O.Phys-Probing O.Malfunction O.Leak-Inherent O.Leak-Forced O.Abuse-Func O.Identification O.Mem-Access Within scope of PP-BSI-0002 Outwith scope of PP-BSI-0002 O.RND O.Add-Functions Within scope of PP-BSI-0002 Outwith scope of PP-BSI-0002 Security Objectives (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 45 of 76 TPG0172A Standard Security Objectives (referring to SG1 and SG2) 96 The TOE shall provide protection on each of the Standard Security Objectives as listed below: O.Leak-Inherent Protection Against Inherent Information Leakage The TOE must provide protection against disclosure of confidential data (User Data or TSF data) stored and/or processed in the smartcard IC „ By measurement and analysis of the shape and amplitude of signals (for example on the power, clock, or I/O lines) and „ By measurement and analysis of the time between events found by measuring signals (for instance on the power, clock, or I/O lines). This objective pertains to measurements with subsequent complex signal processing whereas O.Phys-Probing is about direct measurements on elements on the chip surface. Details correspond to an analysis of attack scenarios which is not given here. O.Phys-Probing Protection against Physical Probing The TOE must provide protection against disclosure of User Data, against the disclosure/reconstruction of the Smartcard Embedded Software or against the disclosure of other critical operational information. This includes protection against: „ Measuring through galvanic contacts which is direct physical probing on the chips surface except on pads being bonded (using standard tools for measuring voltage and current) „ Measuring not using galvanic contacts but other types of physical interaction between charges (using tools used in solid-state physics research and IC failure analysis) with a prior „ Reverse-engineering to understand the design and its properties and functions The TOE must be designed and fabricated so that it requires a high combination of complex equipment, knowledge, skill, and time to be able to derive detailed design information or other information which could be used to compromise security through such a physical attack. Security Target Lite 46 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A O.Malfunction Protection against Malfunctions The TOE must ensure its correct operation. The TOE must prevent its operation outside the normal operating conditions where reliability and secure operation has not been proven or tested. This is to prevent errors. The environmental conditions may include voltage, clock frequency, temperature, or external energy fields. Remark: A malfunction of the TOE may also be caused using a direct interaction with elements on the chip surface. This is considered as being a manipulation (refer to the objective O.Phys-Manipulation) provided that detailed knowledge about the TOE´s internal construction is required and the attack is performed in a controlled manner. O.Phys-Manipulation Protection against Physical Manipulation The TOE must provide protection against manipulation of the TOE (including its software and TSF data), the Smartcard Embedded Software and the User Data. This includes protection against: „ Reverse-engineering (understanding the design and its properties and functions „ Manipulation of the hardware and any data „ controlled manipulation of memory contents (User Data) The TOE must be designed and fabricated so that it requires a high combination of complex equipment, knowledge, skill, and time to be able to derive detailed design information or other information which could be used to compromise security through such a physical attack. O.Leak-Forced Protection against Forced Information Leakage The Smartcard must be protected against disclosure of confidential data (User Data or TSF data) processed in the Card (using methods as described under O.Leak?Inherent) even if the information leakage is not inherent but caused by the attacker. „ By forcing a malfunction (refer to "Protection against Malfunction due to Environmental Stress” (O.Malfunction) „ By a physical manipulation (refer to "Protection against Physical Manipulation” (O.Phys-Manipulation) If this is not the case, signals which normally do not contain significant information about secrets could become an information channel for a leakage attack. Security Objectives (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 47 of 76 TPG0172A Security Objectives Relating to Specific Functionality (referring to SG3 and SG4) 97 The TOE shall provide protection on each of the Specific Functionality Security Objectives as listed below: O.Abuse-Func Protection against Abuse of Functionality The TOE must prevent that functions of the TOE which may not be used after TOE Delivery can be abused in order: „ To disclose critical User Data „ To manipulate critical User Data of the Smartcard Embedded Software „ To manipulate Soft-coded Smartcard Embedded Software „ To bypass, deactivate, change or explore security features or functions of the TOE Details depend, for instance, on the capabilities of the Test Features provided by the IC Dedicated Test Software which are not specified here. O.Identification TOE Identification The TOE must provide means to store Initialisation Data and Pre-personalisation Data in its non-volatile memory. The Initialisation Data (or parts of them) are used for TOE identification. O.Mem-Access Area based Memory Access Control The TOE must provide the Smartcard Embedded Software with the capability to define restricted access memory areas. The TOE must then enforce the partitioning of such memory areas so that access of software to memory areas is controlled as required, for example, in a multi-application environment. O.RND Random Numbers The TOE will ensure the cryptographic quality of random number generation. For instance random numbers shall not be predictable and shall have a sufficient entropy. The TOE will ensure that no information about the produced random numbers is available to an attacker since they might be used for instance to generate cryptographic keys. O.Add-Function Additional Specific Security Functionality The TOE must provide the following specific security functionality to the Smartcard Embedded Software: „ Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) Security Target Lite 48 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 4.2 Security Objectives for the Environment Phase 1 98 The Smartcard Embedded Software shall provide for each of the Security Objectives for the Environment as stated below. OE.Plat-Appl Usage of Hardware Platform To ensure that the TOE is used in a secure manner the Smartcard Embedded Software shall be designed so that the requirements from the following documents are met: „ Hardware data sheet for the TOE „ TOE application notes „ Findings of the TOE evaluation reports relevant for the Smartcard Embedded Software OE.Resp-Appl Treatment of User Data Security relevant User Data (especially cryptographic keys) are treated by the Smartcard Embedded Software as required by the security needs of the specific application context. For example the Smartcard Embedded Software will not disclose security relevant user data to unauthorised users or processes when communicating with a terminal. Security Objectives (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 49 of 76 TPG0172A Phase 2 up to TOE Delivery 99 The TOE manufacturer shall ensure that the Security Objective for the Environment is complied with as stated below. TOE Delivery up to the end of Phase 6 100 Appropriate protection during packaging finishing and personalisation must be ensured after TOE Delivery up to the end of Phase 6, as well as during delivery to Phase 7 as specified below. OE.Process-TOE Protection during TOE Development and Production The TOE Manufacturer must ensure that the development and production of the Smartcard Integrated Circuit (Phases 2 and 3 up to TOE Delivery, Figure 2-3) is secure so that no information is unintentionally made available for the operational phase of the TOE. For example, the confidentiality and integrity of design information and test data must be guaranteed, access to samples, development tools and other material must be restricted to authorised persons only, scrap must be destroyed. This not only pertains to the TOE but also to all information and material exchanged with the developer of the Smartcard Embedded Software and therefore especially to the Smartcard Embedded Software itself. This includes the delivery (exchange) procedures for Phase 1 and the Phases after TOE Delivery as far as they can be controlled by the TOE Manufacturer. An accurate identification must be established for the TOE. This requires that each instantiation of the TOE carries this unique identification. In order to make this practical, electronic identification shall be possible. For a list of assets refer to Section 3.1. OE.Process-Card Protection during Packaging, Finishing and Personalisation Security procedures shall be used after TOE Delivery up to delivery to the end user to maintain confidentiality and integrity of the TOE and of its manufacturing and test data (to prevent any possible copy, modification, retention, theft or unauthorised use). In the case where unsawn wafers are delivered,the wafer saw guidance is followed by the customer [WSR]. This means that Phases after TOE Delivery up to the end of Phase 6, Figure 2-3, must be protected appropriately. For a list of assets to be protected refer to Section 3.1. Security Target Lite 50 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 51 of 76 TPG0172A Section 5 TOE Security Functional Requirements 101 The TOE security functional requirements define the functional requirements for the TOE using functional requirements components drawn from the Common Criteria part 2, and extended functional requirements defined in BSI-PP-002-2001. 102 The minimum strength of function level for the TOE security requirements is SOF-high. 5.1 TOE Functional Requirements Standard Security Functional Requirements 103 The Standard TOE Security Functional Requirements as listed within the BSI-PP-002- 2001 are shown in Figure 5-1 Figure 5-1 Standard Security Functional Requirements Limited Fault Tolerance (FRU_FLT.2) Failure with Preservation of Secure State (FPT_FLS.1) Domain Separation (FPT_SEP.1) Standard SFRs which - Protect User Data - Support the Other SFRs Malfunctions Leakage Basic Internal Transfer Protection (FDP_ITT.1) Basic Internal TSF data Transfer (FPT_ITT.1) Protection Subset Information Flow Control (FDP_IFC.1) Resistance to Physical Attack (FPT_PHP.3) Physical Manipulation and Probing Standard SFRs which - Support the TOE’s Life Cycle - Prevent Abuse of Functions Abuse of Functionality Limited Capabilities (FMT_LIM.1) Limited Availability (FMT_LIM.2) Audit Storage (FAU_SAS.1) Identification Security Target Lite 52 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 104 The Security Functional Requirements related to specific Functionality are shown in Figure 5-2. The Security Functional Requirements are split into three: „ the SFRs as stated within the BSI-PP-002-2001 the SFRs as stated within this Security Target and taken from BSI-AUG-2002 „ the SFR as stated within this Security Target and taken from the CC Figure 5-2 Security Functional Requirements related to Specific Functionality Quality Metric for Random Numbers (FCS_RND.1) Random Numbers SFRs related to Specific Functionality - Cryptography Within scope of BSI-PP-002-2001 Cryptograhic Operations (FCS_COP.1) Cryptography From BSI-AUG-2002 SFRs related to Specific Functionality - Configuration of Security System Security Roles (FMT_SMR.1) Management of Security Attributes (FMT_MSA.1) From BSI-AUG-2002 SFRs related to Specific Functionality - Memory Access Complete Access Control (FDP_ACC.2) Security Attribute Based Access Control From BSI-AUG-2002 (FDP_ACF.1) Taken from CC Management of Security Function Behaviour (FMT_MOF.1) Static Attribute Initialisation (FMT_MSA.3) From BSI-AUG-2002 TOE Security Functional Requirements (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 53 of 76 TPG0172A 5.1.1 Functional Requirements Relating to Physical Malfunction Limited Fault Tolerance (FRU_FLT.2) 105 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Limited Fault Tolerance” as specified below: Failure with Preservation of Secure State (FPT_FLS.1) 106 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Failure with Preservation of Secure State” as specified below: TSF Domain Separation (FPT_SEP.1) 107 The TOE shall meet the requirement “TSF domain separation” as specified below: FRU_FLT.2 Limited fault tolerance Hierarchical to FRU_FLT.2 FRU_FLT.2.1 The TSF shall ensure the operation of all the TOE’s capabilities when the following failure occur: exposure to operating conditions which are not detected according to the requirement “Failure with preservation of secure state” (FPT_FLS.1). Dependencies FPT_FLS.1 Failure with preservation of secure state Refinement The term “failure” above means “circumstances”. The TOE prevents failures for “Circumstances” defined above. FPT_FLS.1 Failure with preservation of secure state Hierarchical to No other components FPT_FLS.1.1 The TSF shall preserve a secure state when the following types of failure occur: exposure to operating conditions which may not be tolerated according to the requirement “Limited fault tolerance” (FRU_FLT.2) and where therefore a malfunction could occur. Dependencies ADV_SPM.1 Informal TOE security policy model Refinement The term “failure” above means “circumstances”. The TOE prevents failures for “Circumstances” defined above. FPT_SEP.1 TSF domain separation Hierarchical to No other components FPT_SEP.1.1 The TSF shall maintain a security domain for its own execution that protects it from interference and tampering by untrusted subjects. Security Target Lite 54 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 5.1.2 Functional Requirements Relating to Leakage Basic Internal Transfer Protection (FDP_ITT.1) 108 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Basic internal transfer protection” as specified below: Basic Internal TSF data transfer protection (FPT_ITT.1) 109 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Basic internal TSF data transfer protection” as specified below: FPT_SEP.1.2 the TSF shall enforce separation between the security domains of subjects in the TSC. Dependencies No dependencies Refinement Those parts of the TOE which support the security functional requirements "Limited fault tolerance (FRU_FLT.2)" and "Failure with preservation of secure state (FPT_FLS.1)" shall be protected from interference of the Smartcard Embedded Software. FDP_ITT.1 Basic internal transfer protection Hierarchical to No other components FDP_ITT.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the Data Processing Policy to prevent the disclosure of user data when it is transmitted between physically-separated parts of the TOE. Dependencies FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control, or FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control Refinement The different memories, the CPU and other functional units of the TOE (e.g. a cryptographic co-processor) are seen as physically-separated parts of the TOE. FPT_ITT.1 Basic internal TSF data transfer protection Hierarchical to No other components TOE Security Functional Requirements (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 55 of 76 TPG0172A Subset Information Flow Control (FDP_IFC.1) 110 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Subset information flow control” as specified below: 111 The following Security Functional Policy (SFP) Data Processing Policy is defined for the requirement “Subset information flow control”: „ User Data and TSF data shall not be accessible from the TOE except when the Smartcard Embedded Software decides to communicate the User Data via an external interface. The protection shall be applied to confidential data only but without the distinction of attributes controlled by the Smartcard Embedded Software. FPT_ITT.1.1 The TSF shall protect TSF data from disclosure when it is transmitted between separate parts of the TOE. Dependencies No dependencies Refinement The different memories, the CPU and other functional units of the TOE (e.g. a cryptographic co-processor) are seen as separated parts of the TOE. This requirement is equivalent to FDP_ITT.1 above but refers to TSF data instead of User Data. Therefore, it should be understood as to refer to the same Data Processing Policy defined under FDP_IFC.1. FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control Hierarchical to No other components FDP_IFC.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the Data Processing Policy on all confidential data when they are processed or transferred by the TOE or by the Smartcard Embedded Software. Dependencies FDP_IFF.1 Simple security attributes Security Target Lite 56 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 5.1.3 Functional Requirements Relating to Physical Probing and Manipulation Resistance to Physical Attack (FPT_PHP.3) 112 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Resistance to physical attack” as specified below: 5.1.4 Functional Requirements Relating to Abuse of Functionality Limited Capabilities (FMT_LIM.1) 113 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Limited capabilities” as specified below: FPT_PHP.3 Resistance to physical attack Hierarchical to No other components FPT_PHP.3.1 The TSF shall resist physical manipulation and physical probing to the TSF by responding automatically such that the TSP is not violated. Dependencies No dependencies Refinement The TOE will implement appropriate measures to continuously counter physical manipulation and physical probing. Due to the nature of these attacks (especially manipulation) the TOE can by no means detect attacks on all of its elements. Therefore, permanent protection against these attacks is required ensuring that the TSP could not be violated at any time. Hence, "automatic response" means here: „ assuming that there might be an attack at any time „ and countermeasures are provided at any time. FMT_LIM.1 Limited capabilities Hierarchical to No other components FMT_LIM.1.1 The TSF shall be designed in a manner that limits their capabilities so that in conjunction with "Limited availability (FMT_LIM.2)" the following policy is enforced: Deploying Test Features after TOE Delivery does not allow User Data to be disclosed or manipulated, TSF data to be disclosed or manipulated, software to be reconstructed and no substantial information about construction of TSF to be gathered which may enable other attacks. Dependencies FMT_LIM.2 Limited availability TOE Security Functional Requirements (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 57 of 76 TPG0172A Limited Availability (FMT_LIM.2) 114 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Limited availability” as specified below: 5.1.5 Functional Requirements Relating to Identification Audit Storage (FAU_SAS.1) 115 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Audit storage” as specified below: 5.1.6 Functional Requirements Relating to Cryptography Quality Metric for Random Numbers (FCS_RND.1) 116 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Quality metric for random numbers” as specified below: FMT_LIM.2 Limited availability Hierarchical to No other components FMT_LIM.2.1 The TSF shall be designed in a manner that limits their availability so that in conjunction with "Limited capabilities" the following policy is enforced: Deploying Test Features after TOE Delivery does not allow User Data to be disclosed or manipulated, TSF data to be disclosed or manipulated, software to be reconstructed and no substantial information about construction of TSF to be gathered which may enable other attacks. Dependencies FMT_LIM.1 Limited capabilities FAU_SAS.1 Audit storage Hierarchical to No other components FAU_SAS.1.1 The TSF shall provide test personnel before TOE Delivery with the capability to store the Initialisation Data and/or Pre- personalisation Data and/or supplements of the Smartcard Embedded Software in the audit records. Dependencies No dependencies FCS_RND.1 Quality metric for random numbers Security Target Lite 58 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Cryptographic operation (FCS_COP.1) 117 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Cryptographic operation” on cryptographic operations as specified below: 5.1.7 Functional Requirements Relating to Configuration of Security System Security Roles (FMT_SMR.1) 118 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Security roles” as specified below: Hierarchical to No other components FCS_RND.1.1 The TSF shall provide a mechanism to generate random numbers that meet FIPS140-2. Dependencies No dependencies FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic operation Hierarchical to No other components FCS_COP.1.1 The TSF shall perform hardware TDES encryption and decryption in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm: triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) and cryptographic key sizes: 112-bit cryptographic key sizes that meet the following E-D-E two-key triple-encryption implementation of the Data Encryption Standard, FIPS PUB 46-3, 25th October, 1999. Dependencies (FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes or FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes or FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation) FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction FMT_MSA.2 Secure security attributes FMT_SMR.1 Security roles Hierarchical to No other components FMT_SMR.1.1 The TSF shall maintain the roles: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite FMT_SMR.1.2 The TSF shall be able to associate users with roles Dependencies FIA_UID.1 Timing of Identification TOE Security Functional Requirements (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 59 of 76 TPG0172A Management of Security Function Behaviour (FMT_MOF.1) 119 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Management of security function behaviour” as specified below: Management of Security Attributes (FMT_MSA.1) 120 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Management of security attributes” as specified below: Static Attribute Initialisation (FMT_MSA.3) 121 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Static attribute initialisation” as specified below: FMT_MOF.1 Management of security function behaviour Hierarchical to No other components FMT_MOF.1.1 The TSF shall: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite Dependencies FMT_SMR.1 Security Roles FMT_SMF.1 Specification of Management Functions FMT_MSA.1 Management of security attributes Hierarchical to No other components FMT_MSA.1.1 The TOE security functions shall enforce the ACSF_Policy (Access Control Security Functions Policy) to restrict the ability to grant/deny the security attributes: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite to: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite Dependencies FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control or FDP_IFC.1 subset information flow control FMT_SMR.1 Security roles FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions FMT_MSA.3 Static attribute initialisation Hierarchical to No other components Security Target Lite 60 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 5.1.8 Functional Requirements Relating to Memory Access Complete Access Control (FDP_ACC.2) 122 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Complete access control” as specified below: FMT_MSA.3.1 The TOE security functions shall enforce the ACSF_Policy to provide restrictive default values for security attributes that are used to enforce the security functions policy. FMT_MSA.3.2 The TSF shall allow the: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite to specify alternate initial values to override the default values when an object or information is created. Dependencies FMT_MSA.1 Management of security attributes FMT_SMR.1 Security roles FDP_ACC.2 Complete access control Hierarchical to FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control FDP_ACC.2.1 The TOE security functions shall enforce the Access Control SFP on: „ Subjects: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite „ Objects: (O1) CPU ROM, (O2) EEPROM, (O3) Crypto ROM, (O4) CPU RAM, (O5) Crypto RAM, (O6) peripherals and all operations among subjects and objects covered by the SFP FDP_ACC.2.2 The TOE security function shall ensure that all operations between any subject in the TOE scope of control and any object within the TOE scope of control are covered by an access control SFP. Dependencies FDP_AFC.1 Security attribute based access control TOE Security Functional Requirements (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 61 of 76 TPG0172A Security attribute based access control (FDP_ACF.1) 123 The TOE shall meet the requirement “Security attribute based access control” as specified below: 5.1.9 ACFS-Policy 124 Not Disclosed in ST-Lite 5.2 Security Requirements for the NON-IT-Environment 125 In the following, security requirements for the Non-IT-Environment are defined. For the development of the Smartcard Embedded Software (in Phase 1) the requirement FDP_ACF.1 Security attribute based access control Hierarchical to No other components FDP_ACF.1.1 The TOE security functions shall enforce the ACSF_Policy to objects based on the following: „ Subjects: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite „ Objects: (O1) CPU ROM, (O2) EEPROM, (O3) Crypto ROM, (O4) CPU RAM, (O5) Crypto RAM, (O6) peripherals „ Operations: Read, Write, Execute „ Conditions: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite FDP_ACF.1.2 The TSF shall enforce the following rules to determine if an operation among controlled subjects and controlled objects is allowed see section 5.1.9 FDP_ACF.1.3 The TSF shall explicitly authorise access of subjects to objects based on the following additional rules: None FDP_ACF.1.4 The TSF shall explicitly deny access of subjects to objects based on the following additional rules: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite Dependencies FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control FMT_MSA.3 Static attribute initialisation Security Target Lite 62 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A “Design and implementation of the Smartcard Embedded Software (RE.Phase-1)” is valid. 126 The Smartcard Embedded Software shall meet the requirement “Cipher Schemas (RE.Cipher)” as specified below. 127 The responsible parties for the Phases 4-6 are required to support the security of the TOE by appropriate measures. RE.Phase-1 Design and Implementation of the Smartcard Embedded Software The developers shall design and implement the Smartcard Embedded Software in such a way that it meets the requirements from the following documents (i) hardware data sheet for the TOE, (ii) TOE application notes, and (iii) findings of the TOE evaluation reports relevant for the Smartcard Embedded Software. The developers shall implement the Smartcard Embedded Software in a way that it protects security relevant User Data (especially cryptographic keys) as required by the security needs of the specific application context. RE.Cipher Cipher Schemas The developers of Smartcard Embedded Software must not implement routines in a way which may compromise keys when the routines are executed as part of the Smartcard Embedded Software. Performing functions which access cryptographic keys could allow an attacker to misuse these functions to gather information about the key which is used in the computation of the function. Keys must be kept confidential as soon as they are generated. The keys must be unique with a very high probability, as well as cryptographically strong. For example, it must be ensured that it is not possible to derive the private key from a public key if asymmetric algorithms are used. This implies that an appropriate key management has to be realized in the environment. RE.Process-Card Protection during Packaging, Finishing and Personalisation The Card Manufacturer (after TOE Delivery up to the end of Phase 6) shall use adequate security measures to maintain confidentiality and integrity of the TOE and of its manufacturing and test data (to prevent any possible copy, modification, retention, theft or unauthorised use). TOE Security Functional Requirements (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 63 of 76 TPG0172A 5.3 TOE Security Assurance Requirements 128 The assurance requirement is EAL4 augmented of additional assurance components listed in Table 5-1. 129 Some of the augmentation components are hierarchical ones to the components specified in EAL4. 130 All the components are drawn from Common Criteria Part 3. Table 5-1 EAL4 Package and Augmentation 131 The refinements to the assurance requirements as stated within the Protection Profile BSI-PP002-2001 have been taken into account. Assurance Class EAL4 Package AT91SC464384RCU EAL4+ Package Augmented From EAL4 ACM_AUT 1 1 No ACM_CAP 4 4 No ACM_SCP 2 2 No ADO_DEL 2 2 No ADO_IGS 1 1 No ADV_FSP 2 2 No ADV_HLD 2 2 No ADV_IMP 1 2 Yes ADV_LLD 1 1 No ADV_RCR 1 1 No ADV_SPM 1 1 No AGD_ADM 1 1 No AGD_USR 1 1 No ALC_DVS 1 2 Yes ALC_FLR N/A N/A No ALC_LCD 1 1 No ALC_TAT 1 1 No ATE_COV 2 2 No ATE_DPT 1 1 No ATE_FUN 1 1 No ATE_IND 2 2 No AVA_MSU 2 3 Yes AVA_SOF 1 1 No AVA_VLA 2 4 Yes Security Target Lite 64 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 65 of 76 TPG0172A Section 6 TOE Summary Specification 132 This section defines the TOE security functions that implement the security functional requirements defined in Section 5.1, and the TOE assurance measures that implement the security assurance requirements defined in Section 5.3. 6.1 TOE Security Functions 6.1.1 Protected Test Access (SF1) M1.1 Test Mode Entry 133 Test Mode is a special mode of operation that allows authenticated engineers access to the device to ren test operations. 134 SF1 shall ensure that only authorized users will be permitted to enter Test Mode. This is provided by M1.1 Test Mode Entry conditions that are required to enable the TOE to enter Test Mode. Failure to meet the M1.1 conditions will prevent entry into Test Mode. M1.2 Test Mode Disable 135 M1.2 Test Mode Disable ensures that once activated the Entry into Test Mode is permanently disabled. The mechanism shall ensure that after wafer sawing none of the test features are available, not even to authenticated users in test mode. Only Package Mode limited test features will remain accessible to authenticated users. M1.3 Package Mode Entry 136 Package Mode is a special mode of operation that allows authenticated engineers access to the device to run limited test operations for field return analysis. 137 SF1 shall ensure that only authorized users will be permitted to enter Package Mode. This is provided by M1.3 Package Mode Entry conditions that are required to be passed to enable the TOE to enter Package Mode. Failure to meet these conditions will prevent entry into Package Mode. Security Target Lite 66 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A M1.4 Serial Number Register Write 138 SF1 shall provide the ability to store initialisation and pre-personalisation data and more specifically the means to uniquely identify the TOE. This is provided by M1.4 Serial Number Register Write [TD]. The ability to use M1.4 is restricted to M1.1 TME authenticated users, M1.2 Test Mode Disable prevents the usage of M1.4 as M1.1 is now disabled. 139 The Strength of Function for the Protected Test Access is high. 6.1.2 Protection against Disclosure (SF2) 140 SF2 shall ensure that users/third parties will have difficulty observing DPA or EMA leakage from the TOE. 141 The TOE has the following security features: 142 Not Disclosed in ST-Lite 143 The Strength of Function claimed for the Protection against Disclosure security function is high. 6.1.3 True RNG (SF3) 144 M3.1 the TSF shall provide a hardware Random Number Generator (RNG) to support security operations performed by cryptographic applications. This RNG noise source shall not be predictable, have sufficient entropy, and not leaking information related to the value of the generated random numbers as this leakage could be used to retrieve cryptographic keys for instance. The RNG noise source as a sufficient entropy to comply with the FIPS 140-2 standard. 145 The Strength of Function claimed for the RNG security function is high. 6.1.4 Memory Access Control (SF4) 146 SF4 shall enforce access control based on the Access Control rules as defined in the ACSF_Policy. Not Disclosed in ST-Lite 6.1.5 Violation Source (SF5) 147 The TOE shall provide an Event Audit security function (SF5) to enforce the following rules for monitoring audited events. 148 Accumulation or combination of the following auditable events would indicate a potential security violation. TOE Summary Specification (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 67 of 76 TPG0172A Environmental/Physical type of violations „ M5.1 External supply monitor „ M5.2 Internal supply monitor „ M5.3 External frequency monitor „ M5.4 Internal frequency monitor „ M5.5 Temperature monitor „ M5.6 UV light detector „ M5.7 Light Scan Detector „ M5.8 Active Shield „ M5.9 Mirrored registers „ M5.10 E2PROM Protection Object Software type of violations „ M5.11 MPU data access violations „ M5.12 MPU Alignment checking „ M5.13 MPU Overflow checking „ M5.14 Firewall data access violations „ M5.15 Pre-fetch access violations „ M5.16 Endianess checking „ M5.17 Undefined (Illegal) opcodes „ M5.18 Watchdog 149 The Strength of Function claimed for the Event audit security function is high. 6.1.6 Violation Action (SF6) 150 SF6 shall provide a Violation action when a violation source is triggered by the TOE. Detection of such occurrences will cause an information flag to be set, the Smartcard Embedded Software can then take one of the following Violation Actions: Not Disclosed in ST-Lite 151 Event Action depends on the type of Event (see [TD] for more information). 6.1.7 Cryptography (SF7) 152 The TSF shall provide a cryptographic algorithm to be able to transmit and receive objects in a manner protected from data retrieval or modification. 153 M7.1 the TSF shall provide hardware TDES data encryption/decryption capability. Security Target Lite 68 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 154 These may be used by the smartcard embedded software to support data encryption and decryption for maintaining data integrity, and protect against sensitive data unauthorized disclosure. 155 The Strength of Function claimed for the SF7 Security Function is high. 156 An assessment of the strength of the following algorithms does not form part of the evaluation: „ TDES algorithm 6.1.8 Security Functions Based on Permutations/combinations 157 Security function SF1 is based on mechanisms using permutation and/or combination properties. 158 Therefore, the resistance of SF1 should be evaluated against attacks using brute force techniques. 159 Further details on these mechanisms and on the Strength of Function Analysis performed by ATMEL can be found in [ESOF]. 6.2 TOE Assurance Measures 160 Table 6-1 specifies how they satisfy the TOE security assurance requirements. Table 6-1 Relationship Between Assurance Requirements and Measures Security Target Configuration Management Delivery and Operation Development Activity Guidance Life Cycle Support Test Activity Vulnerability assessment Smartcard Devices Development Site Test Site Manufacturing Site Sub-contractor Site Assurance Requirement SA1 SA2 SA3 SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 SA9 SA10 SA11 SA12 SA13 ASE_xxx x ACM_AUT.1 x x x x x ACM_CAP.4 x x x x x ACM_SCP.2 x x x x x ADO_DEL.2 x x x x x ADO_IGS.1 x x x x x ADV_FSP.2 x TOE Summary Specification (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 69 of 76 TPG0172A Security Target (SA1) 161 SA1 shall provide the “TOE Security Target” document plus its references. Configuration Management (SA2) 162 SA2 shall provide the “CC Configuration Management (ACM)” interface document plus its references. Delivery and Operation (SA3) 163 SA3 shall provide the “CC Delivery and Operation (ADO)” interface document plus its references. Development Activity (SA4) 164 SA4 shall provide the “CC Development Activity (ADV)” interface document plus its references. Guidance (SA5) 165 SA5 shall provide the “CC Guidance (AGD)” interface document plus its references. Life Cycle Support (SA6) 166 SA6 shall provide the “CC Life Cycle Support (ALC)” interface document plus its references. ADV_HLD.2 x ADV_IMP.2 x ADV_LLD.1 x ADV_RCR.2 x ADV_SPM.2 x AGD_ADM.1 x AGD_USR.1 x ALC_DVS.2 x x x x x ALC_LCD.2 x x x x x ALC_TAT.2 x x x x x ATE_COV.2 x x x ATE_DPT.2 x x x ATE_FUN.1 x x x ATE_IND.2 x x x AVA_CCA.1 x x AVA_MSU.3 x x AVA_SOF.1 x x AVA_VLA.4 x x Table 6-1 Relationship Between Assurance Requirements and Measures Security Target Lite 70 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Test Activity (SA7) 167 SA7 shall provide the “CC Test Activity (ATE)” interface document plus its references, and undertaking of testing described therein. Vulnerability Assessment (SA8) 168 SA8 shall provide the “CC Vulnerability Assessment (AVA)” interface document plus its references, and undertaking of vulnerability assessment described therein. Smart Card Devices (SA9) 169 SA9 shall provide functional AT91SC464384RCU smart card devices. Development Site (SA10) 170 SA10 shall provide access to the development site. Test Site (SA11) 171 SA11 shall provide access to the test site. Manufacturing Site (SA12) 172 SA12 shall provide access to the manufacturing site. Sub-contractor Sites (SA13) 173 SA13 shall provide access to the sub-contractor sites. (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 71 of 76 TPG0172A Section 7 PP Claims 7.1 PP Reference 174 This Security Target is conformant to the Protection Profile “Smartcard IC Platform Protection Profile” V1.0 July 2001,and has been registered under the German Certification Scheme (BSI) under the reference BSI-PP-002-2001. 7.2 PP Refinements 175 For clarification of this Security Target, modes, assets, subjects, threats, assumptions and organizational security policy are defined with labels of the form M.xx_xx, D.xx_xx, S.xx_xx, T.xx_xx, A.xx_xx, and P.xx_xx respectively. 176 Refinements to assumption A.Process-Card and security objective for the environment OE.Process-Card, relate to the shipment of unsawn wafers and the guidance given to customers. 7.3 PP Additions 177 The PP additions fall into the following categories, the additions: „ from the “Smartcard Integrated Circuit Augmentations” registered under the German Certification Scheme (BSI) under the reference BSI-AUG-2002 „ taken directly from Common Criteria V2.3 „ assumption and security objective for environment, defined in Section 3.2 of this Security Target 7.3.1 Additions from BSI-AUG-2002 178 Additions include Threats, Organisational security Policies, Security Objectives and Security Functional Requirements. 7.3.1.1 Assumptions 179 None Security Target Lite 72 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A 7.3.1.2 Threats 180 This security target specifies the additional threat, T.Mem-Access this relates to the threat that the Smartcard Embedded Software may cause security violations by accessing restricted data. 7.3.1.3 Organizational Security Policies 181 This security target specifies the additional organizational security policies, P.Add- Functions this policy relates to the cryptographic functions provided by the TOE. 7.3.1.4 Security Objectives 182 This security target specifies the additional security objective, O.Add-Functions this objective relates to the cryptographic functions provided by the TOE. 183 This security target specifies the additional security objective, O.Mem-Access this objective relates to area based memory access control provided by the TOE. 7.3.1.5 Security Functional Requirements 184 This security target specifies the additional security functional requirements: „ FCS_COP.1 relating to the cryptographic functions provided by the TOE „ FMT_MSA.1 relating to the configuration of security functions „ FDP_ACC.2 relating to the memory access controls provided by the TOE „ FDP_ACF.1 relating to the memory access controls provided by the TOE 7.3.2 Additions from the Common Criteria 7.3.2.1 Security Functional Requirements 185 This security target specifies the additional security functional requirements: „ FMT_SMR.1 relating to the configuration of security functions „ FMT_MOF.1 relating to the configuration of security functions (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 73 of 76 TPG0172A Appendix A Glossary A.1 Terms IC Dedicated Software IC Proprietary software which is required for testing purposes and to implement special functions. For AT91SC464384RCU this includes the embedded test software and additional test programmes which are run from outside of the IC. The Crypto libraries also form part of the IC dedicated software. IC Designer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the IC Development. Atmel is the institution in respect of the TOE. IC Manufacturer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the IC manufacturing, testing and pre-personalization. Atmel is the institution in respect of the TOE. IC Packaging Manufacturer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the IC packaging and testing. IC Pre-personalization Data Required information to enable the smartcard IC to be configured by means of ROM options and to enable programming of the EEPROM with customer specified data. Integrated Circuit (IC) Electronic component(s) designed to perform processing and/or memory functions. Personalizer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the smartcard personalization and final testing. Smartcard A credit sized plastic card which has a non volatile memory and a processing unit embedded within it. Smartcard Embedded Software Software embedded in the smartcard application (smartcard application software). This software is provided by smartcard embedded software developer (customer). Embedded software may be in any part of User ROM or EEPROM. Security Target Lite 74 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A Smartcard Embedded Software Developer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the smartcard embedded software development and the specification of pre-personalization requirements. Smartcard Issuer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the smartcard product delivery to the smartcard end-user. Smartcard Product Manufacturer Institution (or its agent) responsible for the smartcard product finishing process and testing. Glossary (07 Aug 08) General Business Use 75 of 76 TPG0172A A.2 Abbreviations ACSF Access Control Security Functions AdvX 32-bit Crypto Accelerator developed and produced by Atmel AVR 8-bit RISC processor developed and produced by Atmel CC Common Criteria CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check DES Data Encryption Standard DPA Differential Power Analysis EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM EKB East Kilbride FIB Focussed Ion Beam HCMOS High Speed Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor I/O Input/Output IC Integrated Circuit IFCSF Information Flow Control Security Functions ISO International Standards Organization LFSR Linear Feedback Shift Register MAC Master Authentication Key MCU Microcontroller MPU Memory Protection Unit (Firewall) NVM Non Volatile Memory OTP One Time Programmable PME Package Mode Entry PP Protection Profile RAM Random-Access Memory RFO Rousset France Operations RISC Reduced Instruction Set Core RNG Random Number Generator ROM Read-Only Memory SPA Simple Power Analysis Security Target Lite 76 of 76 General Business Use (07 Aug 08) TPG0172A TME Test Mode Entry TOE Target of Evaluation VFO Variable Frequency Oscillator Printed on recycled paper. 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