Certification Report
EAL 2+ Evaluation of Data Domain Operating System
v4.8.2.0
Issued by:
Communications Security Establishment
Certification Body
Canadian Common Criteria Evaluation and Certification Scheme
© Government of Canada, Communications Security Establishment Canada, 2010
Document number: 383-4-135-CR
Version: 1.0
Date: 24 November 2010
Pagination: i to iii, 1 to 10
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DISCLAIMER
The Information Technology (IT) product identified in this certification report, and its
associated certificate, has been evaluated at an approved evaluation facility – established
under the Canadian Common Criteria Evaluation and Certification Scheme (CCS) – using
the CEM CC version e.g. Common Methodology for Information Technology Security
Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 2, for conformance to the Common Criteria for
Information Technology Security Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 2. This certification
report, and its associated certificate, apply only to the identified version and release of the
product in its evaluated configuration. The evaluation has been conducted in accordance
with the provisions of the CCS, and the conclusions of the evaluation facility in the
evaluation report are consistent with the evidence adduced. This report, and its associated
certificate, are not an endorsement of the IT product by the Communications Security
Establishment Canada, or any other organization that recognizes or gives effect to this report,
and its associated certificate, and no warranty for the IT product by the Communications
Security Establishment Canada, or any other organization that recognizes or gives effect to
this report, and its associated certificate, is either expressed or implied.
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FOREWORD
The Canadian Common Criteria Evaluation and Certification Scheme (CCS) provides a
third-party evaluation service for determining the trustworthiness of Information Technology
(IT) security products. Evaluations are performed by a commercial Common Criteria
Evaluation Facility (CCEF) under the oversight of the CCS Certification Body, which is
managed by the Communications Security Establishment Canada.
A CCEF is a commercial facility that has been approved by the CCS Certification Body to
perform Common Criteria evaluations; a significant requirement for such approval is
accreditation to the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:2005, the General Requirements for the
Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories. Accreditation is performed under the
Program for the Accreditation of Laboratories - Canada (PALCAN), administered by the
Standards Council of Canada.
The CCEF that carried out this evaluation is EWA-Canada located in Ottawa, Ontario.
By awarding a Common Criteria certificate, the CCS Certification Body asserts that the
product complies with the security requirements specified in the associated security target. A
security target is a requirements specification document that defines the scope of the
evaluation activities. The consumer of certified IT products should review the security
target, in addition to this certification report, in order to gain an understanding of any
assumptions made during the evaluation, the IT product's intended environment, its security
requirements, and the level of confidence (i.e., the evaluation assurance level) that the
product satisfies the security requirements.
This certification report is associated with the certificate of product evaluation dated 24
November 2010, and the security target identified in Section 4 of this report.
The certification report, certificate of product evaluation and security target are posted on the
CCS Certified Products list and the Common Criteria Portal (the official website of the
Common Criteria Project).
Reproduction of this report is authorized provided the report is reproduced in its entirety.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Disclaimer....................................................................................................................................... i
Foreword........................................................................................................................................ii
Executive Summary...................................................................................................................... 1
1 Identification of Target of Evaluation ................................................................................ 3
2 TOE Description ................................................................................................................... 3
3 Evaluated Security Functionality........................................................................................ 3
4 Security Target...................................................................................................................... 3
5 Common Criteria Conformance.......................................................................................... 3
6 Security Policy....................................................................................................................... 4
7 Assumptions and Clarification of Scope............................................................................. 4
7.1 SECURE USAGE ASSUMPTIONS................................................................................... 4
7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSUMPTIONS ............................................................................... 4
7.3 CLARIFICATION OF SCOPE.......................................................................................... 5
8 Evaluated Configuration...................................................................................................... 5
9 Documentation ...................................................................................................................... 5
10 Evaluation Analysis Activities ............................................................................................. 6
11 ITS Product Testing.............................................................................................................. 7
11.1 ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPER TESTS .......................................................................... 7
11.2 INDEPENDENT FUNCTIONAL TESTING ........................................................................ 7
11.3 INDEPENDENT PENETRATION TESTING....................................................................... 8
11.4 CONDUCT OF TESTING ............................................................................................... 8
11.5 TESTING RESULTS...................................................................................................... 8
12 Results of the Evaluation...................................................................................................... 8
13 Evaluator Comments, Observations and Recommendations ........................................... 9
14 Acronyms, Abbreviations and Initializations..................................................................... 9
15 References.............................................................................................................................. 9
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Executive Summary
Explanatory Note:
Data Domain, Inc. was acquired by EMC Corporation (“EMC”) in July 2009, and converted
to Data Domain LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, effective as of December 21,
2009. Data Domain LLC (“Data Domain”) is a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of
EMC Corporation.
Data Domain Operating System v4.8.2.0 (hereafter referred to as DD OS), from EMC
Corporation, is the Target of Evaluation for this Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 2
augmented evaluation.
DD OS disk-based de-duplication storage systems optimize data protection and disaster
recovery performance. DD OS supports all leading enterprise backup and archive
applications for integration into existing Information Technology (IT) infrastructures. The
integrity of stored data is ensured via multiple levels of data checking and repair.
The primary benefit of an EMC Data Domain solution is the DD OS data de-duplication
technology, which stores only unique “segments” of files on disk, significantly reducing the
amount of physical storage required in a typical backup environment. Data de-duplication
technology can be performed on-the-fly at line-speed.
EWA-Canada is the CCEF that conducted the evaluation. This evaluation was completed on
2 November 2010 and was carried out in accordance with the rules of the Canadian Common
Criteria Evaluation and Certification Scheme (CCS).
The scope of the evaluation is defined by the security target, which identifies assumptions
made during the evaluation, the intended environment for DD OS, the security requirements,
and the level of confidence (evaluation assurance level) at which the product is intended to
satisfy the security requirements. Consumers are advised to verify that their operating
environment is consistent with that specified in the security target, and to give due
consideration to the comments, observations and recommendations in this certification
report.
The results documented in the Evaluation Technical Report (ETR)1
for this product provide
sufficient evidence that it meets the EAL 2 augmented assurance requirements for the
1
The ETR is a CCS document that contains information proprietary to the developer and/or the evaluator, and
is not releasable for public review.
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evaluated security functionality. The evaluation was conducted using the Common
Methodology for Information Technology Security Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 2, for
conformance to the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation,
Version 3.1 Revision 2. The following augmentation is claimed: e.g. ALC_FLR.2 – Flaw
Reporting Procedures.
Communications Security Establishment Canada, as the CCS Certification Body, declares
that the DD OS evaluation meets all the conditions of the Arrangement on the Recognition of
Common Criteria Certificates and that the product will be listed on the CCS Certified
Products list (CPL) and the Common Criteria portal (the official website of the Common
Criteria Project).
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1 Identification of Target of Evaluation
The Target of Evaluation (TOE) for this Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 2+ evaluation is
the Data Domain Operating System v4.8.2.0 (hereafter referred to as DD OS), from EMC
Corporation.
2 TOE Description
DD OS disk-based de-duplication storage systems optimize data protection and disaster
recovery performance. DD OS supports all leading enterprise backup and archive
applications for integration into existing Information Technology (IT) infrastructures. The
integrity of stored data is ensured via multiple levels of data checking and repair.
The primary benefit of an EMC Data Domain solution is the DD OS data de-duplication
technology, which stores only unique “segments” of files on disk, significantly reducing the
amount of physical storage required in a typical backup environment. Data de-duplication
technology can be performed on-the-fly at line-speed.
3 Evaluated Security Functionality
The complete list of evaluated security functionality for DD OS is identified in Section 5 of
the Security Target (ST).
4 Security Target
The ST associated with this Certification Report is identified by the following nomenclature:
Title: EMC Corporation Data Domain Operating System v4.8.2.0 Security Target
Version: 0.7
Date: 18 October 2010
5 Common Criteria Conformance
The evaluation was conducted using the Common Methodology for Information Technology
Security Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 2, for conformance to the Common Criteria for
Information Technology Security Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 2.
DD OS is:
a. Common Criteria Part 2 extended, with security functional requirements based only upon
functional components in Part 2 except for the following explicitly stated requirements
defined in the ST:
• EXT_FDD_DDR.1, Duplicate Data Removal
• EXT_FRU_RLP.1, Minimum and Maximum retention lock periods
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b. Common Criteria Part 3 conformant, with security assurance requirements based only
upon assurance components in Part 3; and
c. Common Criteria EAL 2 augmented, with all security the assurance requirements in the
EAL 2 package as well as the following: ALC_FLR.2 – Flaw reporting procedures.
6 Security Policy
DD OS implements a role-based access control policy to control user access to the system, as
well as an information flow control policy to control information accessed by external server
system; details of these security policies can be found in Section 5 of the ST.
In addition, DD OS implements other policies pertaining to security audit, identification and
authentication, and security management. Further details on these security policies may be
found in Section 5 of the ST.
7 Assumptions and Clarification of Scope
Consumers of DD OS should consider assumptions about usage and environmental settings
as requirements for the product’s installation and its operating environment. This will ensure
the proper and secure operation of the TOE.
7.1 Secure Usage Assumptions
The following Secure Usage Assumptions are listed in the ST:
• There are one or more competent individuals assigned to manage the TOE and the
security of the information it contains.
• Administrators are non-hostile, appropriately trained, and follow all administrator
guidance.
7.2 Environmental Assumptions
The following Environmental Assumptions are listed in the ST:
• Physical security will be provided for the TOE and its environment.
• The IT environment provides the TOE with the necessary reliable timestamps.
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7.3 Clarification of Scope
The DD OS is intended for use by a non-hostile and well-managed user community. It relies on
the environment to provide physical protection and to provide secure communications between
systems connected to the TOE.
8 Evaluated Configuration
The evaluated configuration for DD OS comprises: Data Domain Operating System v4.8.2.0
Build 201150. The TOE encompasses the entire DD OS software image and excludes the
hardware on which the DD OS executes. The EMC Data Domain appliance hardware
models are specified in section 1 of the ST.
The DD OS requires the following components to be properly configured and available in the
operational environment:
• EMC Data Domain appliance hardware, on which the DD OS runs, including local
storage for de-duplicated backup data;
• Management Workstation, used to administer the DD OS;
• Backup Server(s), which use the DD OS for storage and retrieval of backup data;
• Optional external authentication server; and
• Optional Storage Area Network (SAN), in which the DD OS can store and retrieve
de-duplicated backup data.
The publication entitled Data Domain Installation and Setup Guide, 761-0012-0003 Revision
A, 2009 contains instructions for installing this system in the evaluated configuration.
9 Documentation
The EMC Corporation documents provided to the consumer are as follows:
• DD OS 4.8 Administration Guide, 759-0003-0001 Revision A, November 20, 2009;
• Data Domain Installation and Setup Guide, 761-0012-0003 Revision A, 2009;
• Data Domain Operating System Release Notes Version 4.8.2.0-201150 Secure
Delivery Document;
• Initial Configuration Guide, 761-0022-0001 Revision A, November 2, 2009;
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• Command Reference Guide, 762-0006-0001 Revision A, November 2, 2009; and
• Data Domain Operating System 4.8.2.0 Guidance Documentation Supplement, 0.3,
August 31, 2010.
10 Evaluation Analysis Activities
The evaluation analysis activities involved a structured evaluation of DD OS, including the
following areas:
Development: The evaluators analyzed the DD OS functional specification and design
documentation; they determined that the design completely and accurately describes the TOE
security functionality (TSF) interfaces, the TSF subsystems and how the TSF implements the
security functional requirements (SFRs). The evaluators analyzed the DD OS security
architectural description and determined that the initialization process is secure, that the
security functions are protected against tamper and bypass, and that security domains are
maintained. The evaluators also independently verified that the correspondence mappings
between the design documents are correct.
Guidance Documents: The evaluators examined the DD OS preparative user guidance and
operational user guidance and determined that it sufficiently and unambiguously describes
how to securely transform the TOE into its evaluated configuration and how to use and
administer the product. The evaluators examined and tested the preparative and operational
guidance, and determined that they are complete and sufficiently detailed to result in a secure
configuration.
Life-cycle support: An analysis of the DD OS configuration management system and
associated documentation was performed. The evaluators found that the DD OS
configuration items were clearly marked. The developer’s configuration management system
was observed during a site visit, and it was found to be mature and well developed.
The evaluators examined the delivery documentation and determined that it described all of
the procedures required to maintain the integrity of DD OS during distribution to the
consumer.
The evaluators reviewed the flaw remediation procedures used by EMC for DD OS. During
a site visit, the evaluators also examined the evidence generated by adherence to the
procedures. The evaluators concluded that the procedures are adequate to track and correct
security flaws, and distribute the flaw information and corrections to consumers of the
product.
Vulnerability assessment: The evaluators conducted an independent vulnerability analysis
of DD OS. Additionally, the evaluators conducted a search of public domain vulnerability
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databases to identify DD OS potential vulnerabilities. The evaluators identified potential
vulnerabilities for testing applicable to the DD OS in its operational environment.
All these evaluation activities resulted in PASS verdicts.
11 ITS Product Testing
Testing at EAL 2 consists of the following three steps: assessing developer tests, performing
independent functional tests, and performing penetration tests.
11.1 Assessment of Developer Tests
The evaluators verified that the developer has met their testing responsibilities by examining
their test evidence, and reviewing their test results, as documented in the ETR2
.
The evaluators analyzed the developer’s test coverage analysis and found it to be complete
and accurate. The correspondence between the tests identified in the developer’s test
documentation and the functional specification was complete.
11.2 Independent Functional Testing
During this evaluation, the evaluator developed independent functional tests by examining
design and guidance documentation, examining the developer's test documentation,
executing a sample of the developer's test cases, and creating test cases that augmented the
developer tests.
All testing was planned and documented to a sufficient level of detail to allow repeatability
of the testing procedures and results. Resulting from this test coverage approach was the
following list of EWA-Canada test goals:
a. Repeat of Developer's Tests: The objective of this test goal is to repeat a subset of the
developer's tests;
b. Initialization: The objective of this test goal is to provide the procedures for determining
the system configuration in order to ensure that the TOE that is tested is correct;
c. Security Management: The objective of this test goal is to ensure the users and roles
functionality is correct;
2
The ETR is a CCS document that contains information proprietary to the developer and/or the evaluator, and
is not releasable for public review.
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d. Identification and Authentication: The objective of this test goal is to ensure that the
identification and authentication requirements have been met; and
e. Audit: The objective of this test goal is to ensure that the audit data is recorded and can
be viewed.
11.3 Independent Penetration Testing
Subsequent to the independent review of public domain vulnerability databases and all
evaluation deliverables, limited independent evaluator penetration testing was conducted.
The penetration tests focused on:
Port Scanning: The objective of this test goal is to determine if the Management workstation
opens any ports that could be exploited from the network;
Leakage verification: The objective of this test goal it to monitor the TOE for data loss
during start up and shut down; and
Misuse: The objective of this test goal is to test the TOE for misuse by SQL injection.
The independent penetration testing did not uncover any exploitable vulnerabilities in the
anticipated operating environment.
11.4 Conduct of Testing
DD OS was subjected to a comprehensive suite of formally documented, independent
functional and penetration tests. The testing took place at the Information Technology
Security Evaluation and Test (ITSET) Facility at EWA-Canada. The CCS Certification
Body witnessed a portion of the independent testing. The detailed testing activities,
including configurations, procedures, test cases, expected results and observed results are
documented in a separate Test Results document.
11.5 Testing Results
The developer’s tests and the independent functional tests yielded the expected results,
giving assurance that DD OS behaves as specified in its ST and functional specification.
12 Results of the Evaluation
This evaluation has provided the basis for an EAL 2 + level of assurance. The overall verdict
for the evaluation is PASS. These results are supported by evidence in the ETR.
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13 Evaluator Comments, Observations and Recommendations
EMC demonstrated a very strong commitment to ensuring the security of their product. A
project manager and a team of software engineers dealt exclusively with security issues and
interacted with the other teams regularly. This team makes all security-related decisions and
ensures that either they or the appropriate functional team address any issues.
The evaluators would like to commend EMC on their life cycle processes and tools used to
support them. We were particularly impressed with the variety of tools and the integration of
them that allows EMC to provide detailed tracking of development, bug resolution and
delivery of product and updates to their customers.
14 Acronyms, Abbreviations and Initializations
Acronym/Abbreviation/
Initialization
Description
CCEF Common Criteria Evaluation Facility
CCS Canadian Common Criteria Evaluation and
Certification Scheme
CIFS Common Internet File System
CPL Certified Products list
DD OS Data Domain Operating System
EAL Evaluation Assurance Level
ETR Evaluation Technical Report
IT Information Technology
ITSET Information Technology Security Evaluation
and Testing
PALCAN Program for the Accreditation of Laboratories
- Canada
SAN Storage Area Network
SFR Security Functional Requirements
ST Security Target
TOE Target of Evaluation
TSF Toe Security Functionality
TSFI TOE security functionality Interfaces
15 References
This section lists all documentation used as source material for this report:
a. CCS Publication #4, Technical Oversight, Version 1.1, August 2005.
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b. CC version e.g. Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation,
Version 3.1 Revision 2, September 2007.
c. CEM version e.g. Common Methodology for Information Technology Security
Evaluation, CEM, Version 3.1 Revision 2, September 2007.
d. EMC Corporation Data Domain Operating System v4.8.2.0 Security Target, v0.7, 18
October 2010
e. Evaluation Technical Report for EAL2+ Common Criteria Evaluation of Data
Domain Operating System v4.8.2.0, Version 1.2, 2 November 2010