Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target Lexmark C4150, C6160, CS720, CS725 and CS820 and Dell S5840 Single Function Printer Security Target Version 1.4 January 16, 2017 Lexmark International, Inc. 740 New Circle Road Lexington, KY 40550 Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 2 DOCUMENT INTRODUCTION Prepared By: Common Criteria Consulting LLC 15804 Laughlin Lane Silver Spring, MD 20906 http://www.consulting-cc.com Prepared For: Lexmark International, Inc. 740 New Circle Road Lexington, KY 40550 http://www.lexmark.com Various text from clauses 5, 7-9, and 12 reprinted with permission from IEEE, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, from IEEE "2600.1™-2009 Standard for a Protection Profile in Operational Environment A", Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. REVISION HISTORY Rev Description 1.0 March 13, 2016, Initial release 1.1 April 11, 2016, Addressed lab ORs and added Dell SFP 1.2 May 17, 2016, Clarified that Lexmark and Dell firmware is shared 1.3 December 11, 2014, TOE version change and addressed scheme ORs 1.4 January 16, 2017, Updated crypto SFRs Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SECURITY TARGET INTRODUCTION................................................................. 9 1.1 Security Target Reference.......................................................................................... 9 1.2 TOE Reference............................................................................................................ 9 1.3 Evaluation Assurance Level....................................................................................... 9 1.4 Keywords ..................................................................................................................... 9 1.5 TOE Overview............................................................................................................. 9 1.5.1 Usage and Major Security Features ........................................................................... 9 1.5.2 TOE type.................................................................................................................. 10 1.5.3 Required Non-TOE Hardware/Software/Firmware................................................. 10 1.6 TOE Description ....................................................................................................... 10 1.6.1 Users ........................................................................................................................ 12 1.6.2 Objects (Assets) ....................................................................................................... 12 1.6.2.1 User Data .............................................................................................................. 12 1.6.2.2 TSF Data............................................................................................................... 13 1.6.2.3 Functions............................................................................................................... 13 1.6.3 Operations................................................................................................................ 13 1.6.4 Channels................................................................................................................... 13 1.7 Physical Boundary .................................................................................................... 14 1.8 Logical Boundary...................................................................................................... 14 1.8.1 Audit Generation...................................................................................................... 14 1.8.2 Identification and Authentication ............................................................................ 14 1.8.3 Access Control......................................................................................................... 14 1.8.4 Management............................................................................................................. 15 1.8.5 D.DOC Wiping ........................................................................................................ 15 1.8.6 Secure Communication............................................................................................ 15 1.8.7 Self Test ................................................................................................................... 15 1.9 TOE Data................................................................................................................... 15 1.9.1 TSF Data.................................................................................................................. 15 1.9.2 Authentication Data ................................................................................................. 17 1.9.3 Security Attributes ................................................................................................... 17 1.9.4 User Data ................................................................................................................. 17 1.10 Evaluated Configuration........................................................................................ 17 2. CONFORMANCE CLAIMS..................................................................................... 20 2.1 Common Criteria Conformance.............................................................................. 20 2.2 Protection Profile Conformance.............................................................................. 20 2.3 Security Requirement Package Conformance ....................................................... 20 3. SECURITY PROBLEM DEFINITION ................................................................... 21 3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Assumptions............................................................................................................... 21 3.3 Threats ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.4 Organisational Security Policies.............................................................................. 22 4. SECURITY OBJECTIVES........................................................................................ 23 4.1 Security Objectives for the TOE ............................................................................. 23 4.2 Security Objectives for the Operational Environment.......................................... 23 Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 4 5. EXTENDED COMPONENTS DEFINITION ......................................................... 25 5.1 Extended Security Functional Components........................................................... 25 5.2 Extended Security Assurance Components............................................................ 25 6. SECURITY REQUIREMENTS................................................................................ 26 6.1 TOE Security Functional Requirements ................................................................ 26 6.1.1 Security Audit (FAU) .............................................................................................. 26 6.1.1.1 FAU_GEN.1 Audit Data Generation.................................................................... 26 6.1.1.2 FAU_GEN.2 User Identity Association ............................................................... 27 6.1.2 Cryptographic Support (FCS).................................................................................. 27 6.1.2.1 FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic Key Generation....................................................... 27 6.1.2.2 FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic Key Destruction...................................................... 28 6.1.2.3 FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation ................................................................. 28 6.1.2.4 FCS_COP.1(SE) Cryptographic Operation .......................................................... 28 6.1.3 User Data Protection (FDP)..................................................................................... 28 6.1.3.1 FDP_ACC.1 Subset Access Control..................................................................... 28 6.1.3.2 FDP_ACF.1 Security Attribute Based Access Control ........................................ 29 6.1.3.3 FDP_RIP.1 Subset Residual Information Protection............................................ 30 6.1.4 Identification and Authentication (FIA) .................................................................. 30 6.1.4.1 FIA_AFL.1 Authentication Failure Handling....................................................... 30 6.1.4.2 FIA_ATD.1 User Attribute Definition ................................................................. 30 6.1.4.3 FIA_UAU.1 Timing of Authentication................................................................. 30 6.1.4.4 FIA_UAU.7 Protected Authentication Feedback ................................................. 30 6.1.4.5 FIA_UID.1 Timing of Identification .................................................................... 31 6.1.4.6 FIA_USB.1 User-Subject Binding ....................................................................... 31 6.1.5 Security Management (FMT) .................................................................................. 31 6.1.5.1 FMT_MSA.1 Management of Security Attributes ............................................... 31 6.1.5.2 FMT_MSA.3 Static Attribute Initialisation.......................................................... 31 6.1.5.3 FMT_MTD.1 Management of TSF Data.............................................................. 32 6.1.5.4 FMT_SMF.1 Specification of Management Functions ........................................ 33 6.1.5.5 FMT_SMR.1 Security Roles ................................................................................ 33 6.1.6 Protection of the TSF (FPT) .................................................................................... 33 6.1.6.1 FPT_STM.1 Reliable Time Stamps...................................................................... 33 6.1.6.2 FPT_TST.1 TSF Testing....................................................................................... 33 6.1.7 TOE Access (FTA) .................................................................................................. 34 6.1.7.1 FTA_SSL.3 TSF-Initiated Termination................................................................ 34 6.1.8 Trusted Path/Channels (FTP)................................................................................... 34 6.1.8.1 FTP_ITC.1 Inter-TSF Trusted Channel................................................................ 34 6.2 TOE Security Assurance Requirements................................................................. 34 6.3 CC Component Hierarchies and Dependencies..................................................... 35 7. TOE SUMMARY SPECIFICATION....................................................................... 37 7.1 Security Functions .................................................................................................... 37 7.1.1 Audit Generation...................................................................................................... 37 7.1.2 Identification and Authentication ............................................................................ 38 7.1.2.1 Active Directory.................................................................................................... 39 7.1.3 Access Control......................................................................................................... 39 7.1.3.1 Printing.................................................................................................................. 42 Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 5 7.1.3.2 Postscript Access Control ..................................................................................... 42 7.1.4 Management............................................................................................................. 42 7.1.5 D.DOC Wiping ........................................................................................................ 42 7.1.6 Secure Communications .......................................................................................... 42 7.1.7 Self Test ................................................................................................................... 43 7.1.8 Deviations From Allowed Cryptographic Standards............................................... 43 7.1.9 Cryptographic Functionality Provided by the Operational Environment................ 43 8. PROTECTION PROFILE CLAIMS........................................................................ 44 8.1 TOE Type Consistency............................................................................................. 44 8.2 Security Problem Definition Consistency ............................................................... 44 8.3 Security Objectives Consistency.............................................................................. 44 8.4 Security Functional Requirements Consistency .................................................... 44 8.5 Security Assurance Requirements Consistency ..................................................... 45 9. RATIONALE .............................................................................................................. 46 9.1 Rationale for IT Security Objectives....................................................................... 46 9.1.1 Rationale Showing Threats to Security Objectives ................................................. 46 9.1.2 Rationale Showing Policies to Security Objectives................................................. 47 9.1.3 Rationale Showing Assumptions to Environment Security Objectives................... 48 9.2 Security Requirements Rationale............................................................................ 49 9.2.1 Rationale for Security Functional Requirements of the TOE Objectives................ 49 9.2.2 Security Assurance Requirements Rationale........................................................... 52 9.3 TOE Summary Specification Rationale.................................................................. 53 Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 6 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 - TOE Model ................................................................................................... 11 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 - Technical Characteristics of the SFP Models ............................................... 11 Table 2 - Notational prefix conventions....................................................................... 11 Table 3 - Users ............................................................................................................. 12 Table 4 - User Data ...................................................................................................... 13 Table 5 - TSF Data ....................................................................................................... 13 Table 6 - Functions....................................................................................................... 13 Table 7 - TSF Data ....................................................................................................... 15 Table 8 - Authentication Data ...................................................................................... 17 Table 9 - Security Attributes ........................................................................................ 17 Table 10 - User Data .................................................................................................. 17 Table 11 - Assumptions.............................................................................................. 21 Table 12 - Threats....................................................................................................... 22 Table 13 - Organizational Security Policies for the TOE .......................................... 22 Table 14 - Security Objectives for the TOE............................................................... 23 Table 15 - Security Objectives of the Operational Environment ............................... 23 Table 16 - Audit data requirements............................................................................ 26 Table 17 - Cryptographic Operations......................................................................... 28 Table 18 - Common Access Control SFP Rules ........................................................ 29 Table 19 - TSF Data ................................................................................................... 32 Table 20 - FMT_SMR.1 Detail.................................................................................. 33 Table 21 - EAL3+ Assurance Requirements.............................................................. 34 Table 22 - TOE SFR Dependency Rationale ............................................................. 35 Table 23 - Access Control Items ................................................................................ 39 Table 24 - TOE Function Access Control SFP Rules ................................................ 41 Table 25 - Threats, Policies and Assumptions to Security Objectives Mapping ....... 46 Table 26 - Threats to Security Objectives Rationale.................................................. 47 Table 27 - Policies to Security Objectives Rationale................................................. 48 Table 28 - Assumptions to Security Objectives Rationale......................................... 48 Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 7 Table 29 - SFRs to Security Objectives Mapping...................................................... 49 Table 30 - Security Objectives to SFR Rationale....................................................... 50 Table 31 - SFRs to TOE Security Functions Mapping .............................................. 53 Table 32 - SFR to SF Rationale.................................................................................. 53 ACRONYMS LIST AD.............................................................................................................Active Directory AES.................................................................................Advanced Encryption Standard BSD..................................................................................Berkeley Software Distribution CAC................................................................................................ Common Access Card CBC...............................................................................................Cipher Block Chaining CC...........................................................................................................Common Criteria CM.........................................................................................Configuration Management EAL .......................................................................................Evaluation Assurance Level ESP .................................................................................Encapsulating Security Payload FTP................................................................................................. File Transfer Protocol GSSAPI ...............................Generic Security Services Application Program Interface GUI............................................................................................ Graphical User Interface HTTP..................................................................................HyperText Transfer Protocol I&A................................................................................. Identification & Authentication IPP............................................................................................Internet Printing Protocol IPSec.........................................................................................Internet Protocol Security IPv4......................................................................................... Internet Protocol version 4 IPv6......................................................................................... Internet Protocol version 6 ISO..........................................................................International Standards Orgaization IT .................................................................................................Information Technology KDC.............................................................................................Key Distribution Center KDF............................................................................................Key Derivation Function LAN................................................................................................... Local Area Network LDAP.................................................................. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol MB.......................................................................................................................MegaByte NTP...............................................................................................Network Time Protocol NVRAM ..............................................................Non-Volatile Random Access Memory OSP...................................................................................Organizational Security Policy PIV..................................................................................... Personal Identity Verification PJL ..................................................................................................Printer Job Language PP............................................................................................................Protection Profile RAM...........................................................................................Random Access Memory RFC ..............................................................................................Request For Comments SASL.............................................................Simple Authentication and Security Layer SFP ...............................................................................................Single Function Printer SFR.............................................................................. Security Functional Requirement Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 8 SHA ..............................................................................................Secure Hash Algorithm SNMP .................................................................Simple Network Management Protocol ST................................................................................................................Security Target TFTP ..................................................................................Trivial File Transfer Protocol TOE...................................................................................................Target of Evaluation TSF ............................................................................................... TOE Security Function UI..................................................................................................................User Interface URL........................................................................................ Uniform Resource Locator USB.................................................................................................... Universal Serial Bus Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 9 1. Security Target Introduction This Security Target (ST) describes the objectives, requirements and rationale for the Lexmark C4150, C6160, CS720, CS725 and CS820 and Dell S5840 Single Function Printer. The language used in this Security Target is consistent with the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 4. As such, the spelling of terms is presented using the internationally accepted English. 1.1 Security Target Reference Lexmark C4150, C6160, CS720, CS725 and CS820 and Dell S5840 Single Function Printer Security Target, version 1.4, January 16, 2017. 1.2 TOE Reference Firmware versions:  YK.030.079CC: C6160, CS820  CB.030.079CC: C4150, CS720, CS725, S5840 1.3 Evaluation Assurance Level Assurance claims conform to EAL3 (Evaluation Assurance Level 3) augmented with ALC_FLR.2 from the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, Version 3.1 Revision 4. 1.4 Keywords Hardcopy, Paper, Document, Printer, Residual data, Temporary data, Network interface, Single Function Device, SFP 1.5 TOE Overview 1.5.1 Usage and Major Security Features The SFPs are single function printer systems with networked capabilities. Their capabilities extend to servicing print jobs through the network. The SFPs feature an integrated touch-sensitive operator panel. The major security features of the TOE are: 1. All Users are identified and authenticated as well as authorized before being granted permission to perform any restricted TOE functions. 2. Administrators authorize Users to use the functions of the TOE. 3. User Document Data are protected from unauthorized disclosure or alteration. 4. User Function Data are protected from unauthorized alteration. 5. TSF Data, of which unauthorized disclosure threatens operational security, are protected from unauthorized disclosure. 6. TSF Data, of which unauthorized alteration threatens operational security, are protected from unauthorized alteration. 7. Document processing and security-relevant system events are recorded, and such records are protected from disclosure or alteration by anyone except for authorized personnel. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 10 1.5.2 TOE type The firmware of a Single Function Device (Printer) 1.5.3 Required Non-TOE Hardware/Software/Firmware The TOE is the firmware of an SFP. To be fully operational, any combination of the following items may be connected to the TOE: The optional Lexmark Secure Element (Part Number 57X0085) must be installed in the SFP. The Secure Element incorporates an Infineon Smart Card IC M9900 (Release A22, Infineon Part Number SLE97CSFX1M00PE). The M9900 provides a True Random Number Generator (TRNG) used by the TOE for random number generation, and has successfully completed a Common Criteria EAL5+ evaluation which included the TRNG functionality. The associated Security Target is in strict conformance to the Security IC Platform Protection Profile, Version 1.0, and dated 15.06.2007. The Secure Element also incorporates firmware enabling communication between the SFP firmware and the M9900. 1. A LAN for network connectivity. The TOE supports IPv4 and IPv6. 2. IT systems that submit print jobs to the SFP via the network using standard print protocols. 3. An IT system acting as the remote syslog recipient of audit event records sent from the TOE. 4. LDAP server to support Identification and Authentication (I&A). This component is optional depending on the type(s) of I&A mechanisms used. 5. Card reader and cards to support Smart Card authentication using Common Access Card (CAC), Personal Identity Verification (PIV) cards or Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNet) cards. This component is optional depending on the type(s) of I&A mechanisms used. The supported card readers are: a. Identive Cloud 2700 F & Identive Cloud 2700 R readers b. Omnikey 3121 SmartCard Reader, c. Any other Omnikey SmartCard Readers that share the same USB Vendor IDs and Product IDs with the Omnikey 3121 (example Omnikey 3021), d. SCM SCR 331, e. SCM SCR 3310v2. 1.6 TOE Description The TOE provides a printing function, defined as producing a hardcopy document from its electronic form. All of the SFP models referenced in the evaluation are complete printers in a single unit. All of the firmware versions included in this evaluation provide the same security functionality. Their differences are in their printing speeds. The following tables summarize the technical characteristics of the SFP models. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 11 Table 1 - Technical Characteristics of the SFP Models Model Processor Color/Mono Pages Per Minute C4150 ARMv8 1.2Ghz Color 50 C6160 ARMv8 1.2Ghz Color 60 CS720 ARMv8 1.2Ghz Color 40 CS725 ARMv8 1.2Ghz Color 50 CS820 ARMv8 1.2Ghz Color 60 S5840 ARMv8 1.2Ghz Color 50 The Target of Evaluation (TOE) is described using the standard Common Criteria terminology of Users, Objects, Operations, and Interfaces. Two additional terms are introduced: Channel describes both data interfaces and hardcopy document input/output mechanisms, and TOE Owner is a person or organizational entity responsible for protecting TOE assets and establishing related security policies. In this document, the terms User and Subject are used interchangeably. Figure 1 - TOE Model The following prefixes are used to indicate different entity types: Table 2 - Notational prefix conventions Prefix Type of entity U. User D. Data F. Function T. Threat P. Policy TSF Input Channel Output Channel Common SFP Functions User Data User Document Data User Function TSF Data TSF Protected Data TSF Confidential Data Print Functions Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 12 Prefix Type of entity A. Assumption O. Objective OE. Environmental objective + Security Attribute 1.6.1 Users Users are entities that are external to the TOE and which interact with the TOE. There may be two types of Users: Normal and Administrator. Table 3 - Users Designation Definition U.USER Any authorized User. U.NORMAL A User who is authorized to perform User Document Data processing functions of the TOE. In the remainder of this document, the term “Normal User” is used interchangeably with U.NORMAL. The TOE provides user-level permissions to access specific document processing functions (e.g. print). When it is necessary to distinguish the specific permission, that information is supplied. Otherwise the generic terms identified above are used. U.ADMINISTRATOR A User who has been specifically granted the authority to manage some portion or all of the TOE and whose actions may affect the TOE security policy (TSP). In the remainder of this document, the terms “Administrator” and “Authorized Administrator” are used interchangeably with U.ADMINISTRATOR. The TOE provides user-level permissions to access specific management functions. When it is necessary to distinguish the specific permission, that information is supplied. Otherwise the generic terms identified above are used. 1.6.2 Objects (Assets) Objects are passive entities in the TOE, that contain or receive information, and upon which Subjects perform Operations. Objects are equivalent to TOE Assets. There are three categories of Objects: User Data, TSF Data, and Functions. 1.6.2.1 User Data User Data are data created by and for Users and do not affect the operation of the TOE Security Functionality (TSF). This type of data is composed of two types of objects: User Document Data, and User Function Data. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 13 Table 4 - User Data Designation Definition D.DOC User Document Data consists of the information contained in a user’s document. This includes the original document itself in either hardcopy or electronic form, image data, or residually-stored data created by the hardcopy device while processing an original document and printed hardcopy output. For this TOE, D.DOC includes: 1. User data contained in jobs submitted from the network for printing D.FUNC User Function Data are the information about a user’s document or job to be processed by the TOE. For this TOE, D.FUNC includes: 1. Job information for network print jobs 1.6.2.2 TSF Data TSF Data are data created by and for the TOE and that might affect the operation of the TOE. This type of data is composed of two types of objects: TSF Protected Data and TSF Confidential Data. Table 5 - TSF Data Designation Definition D.PROT TSF Protected Data are assets for which alteration by a User who is neither an Administrator nor the owner of the data would have an effect on the operational security of the TOE, but for which disclosure is acceptable. D.CONF TSF Confidential Data are assets for which either disclosure or alteration by a User who is neither an Administrator nor the owner of the data would have an effect on the operational security of the TOE. 1.6.2.3 Functions Functions perform processing, storage, and transmission of data that may be present in the TOE. These functions are described in the following table. Table 6 - Functions Designation Definition F.PRT Printing: a function in which electronic document input is converted to physical document output 1.6.3 Operations Operations are a specific type of action performed by a Subject on an Object. Five types of operations are addressed: those that result in disclosure of information (Read), those that result in alteration of information (Create, Modify, Delete), and those that invoke a function (Execute). 1.6.4 Channels Channels are the mechanisms through which data can be transferred into and out of the TOE. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 14 Private Medium Interface: mechanism for exchanging information that use (1) wired electronic methods over a communications medium which, in conventional practice, is not accessed by multiple simultaneous Users; or, (2) Operator Panel and displays that are part of the TOE. It is an input-output channel. The touch panel is a private medium interface. Shared-medium Interface: mechanism for exchanging information that use wired network electronic methods over a communications medium which, in conventional practice, is or can be simultaneously accessed by multiple Users. It is an input-output channel. The standard network interface is a shared-medium interface. Hardcopy Output Handler: mechanism for transferring User Document Data out of the TOE in hardcopy form. It is an output channel. The printer is a hardcopy output handler. 1.7 Physical Boundary The physical boundary of the TOE is the firmware executing on the Main Processor Board of the SFP. The hardware of the SFP is excluded from the TOE boundary. The physical scope of the TOE also includes the following guidance documentation: 1. Lexmark Common Criteria Installation Supplement and Administrator Guide 2. Lexmark Embedded Web Server Administrator's Guide 3. Lexmark CS720 Series User's Guide 4. Lexmark CS820 Series User's Guide 5. Lexmark C4100 Series User's Guide 6. Lexmark C6100 Series User's Guide 7. Dell S5840cdn Laser Printer User's Guide 1.8 Logical Boundary The TOE supports the security functions documented in the following sections. 1.8.1 Audit Generation The TOE generates audit event records for security-relevant events and transmits them to a remote IT system using the syslog protocol. 1.8.2 Identification and Authentication When a touch panel or web session is initiated, the user is implicitly assumed to be the Guest (default) user. Per the evaluated configuration, the permissions for this user must be configured such that no access to TSF data or functions is allowed. Therefore, the user must successfully log in as a different user before any TSF data or functions may be accessed. The TOE supports I&A with a per-user selection of Username/Password Accounts (processed by the TOE) or integration with an external LDAP server (in the operational environment). Smart Card authentication may also be specified for users of the touch panel. 1.8.3 Access Control Access controls configured for functions and menu access are enforced by the TOE. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 15 1.8.4 Management Through web browser and touch panel sessions, authorized administrators may configure access controls and perform other TOE management functions. 1.8.5 D.DOC Wiping In the evaluated configuration, the TOE automatically overwrites RAM used to store user data as soon as the buffer is released. 1.8.6 Secure Communication The TOE protects the confidentiality and integrity of all information exchanged over the attached network by using IPSec with ESP for all network communication. Cryptographic keys may be generated by the TOE or pre-shared keys may be entered by the administrator. 1.8.7 Self Test During initial start-up, the TOE performs self tests on its cryptographic components and the integrity of the configuration data. 1.9 TOE Data 1.9.1 TSF Data Table 7 - TSF Data Item Description D.CONF D.PROT Account Status Login status information is associated with all accounts used to authenticate internally against a Username/Password. For each Username/Password account, the TOE tracks the number of login failures, time of the earliest login failure, and lock status. X Active Directory Configuration Configuration information used to join an Active Directory Domain. Once joined, machine credentials are generated and the LDAP+GSSAPI Login Method parameters for communication with the Domain Controller are automatically populated. X Date and Time Parameters Controls whether the time is tracked internally or from a remote NTP server. If an NTP server is used, it specifies the parameters for communication with the server. X Enable Audit Determines if the device records events in the secure audit log and (if enabled) in the remote syslog. X Enable HTTP Server Enables HTTP(S) server on the TOE. X Enable Remote Syslog Determines if the device transmits logged events to a remote server. X Groups The set of Groups may be used to configure permissions for users. Each Group has a configured set of permissions. Users may belong to any number of Groups, and any User’s permissions are the union of the permissions for each Group it is a member of. X Held Print Job Expiration Timer Specifies the amount of time a received print job is saved for a user to release before it is automatically deleted. X IPSec Settings The configuration parameters for IPSec that require IPSec with ESP for all network communication (IPv4 and/or IPv6) with certificate validation or pre-shared keys. X Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 16 Item Description D.CONF D.PROT Job Waiting Specifies whether a print job may be placed in the Held Jobs queue if the required resources (e.g. paper type) are not currently available, enabling subsequent print jobs to be processed immediately X Kerberos Setup Defines the KDC Address, KDC Port, and Realm for communication with the KDC. KDC communication is required if the TOE is using the LDAP+GSSAPI mechanism. X LDAP Certificate Required Specifies whether a valid certificate is required to be sent by an LDAP server. Yes specifies that the server certificate is requested; if no certificate is provided or if a bad certificate is provided, the session is terminated immediately. No indicates that a certificate is not required; if a certificate is supplied and it is invalid, the session is terminated immediately. X LDAP+GSSAPI – SFP Credentials Specifies the Username and password to be used when performing LDAP queries. X LDAP+GSSAPI Configuration Specifies the configuration options for communicating and exchanging information with an LDAP server using GSSAPI. X LES Applications Specifies whether enhanced service Java applications may be executed on the TOE. This parameter must be set to “Enable” during installation and is not accessible to administrators during operation. X Login Restrictions Determines how many failed authentications are allowed within the “Failure time frame” value before the offending Username/Password account is prevented from logging in for the duration of the “Lockout time” value. The “Web Login Timeout” determines how long the web sessions can remain idle before the user is logged off automatically. X Network Port Defines the parameters required for the TOE to communicate via the standard network port X Permissions Permissions specify the access to menus or functions. Permissions are separately configurable for the default Guest account (Public) and for each defined Group. Users other than Guest inherit the union of permissions for all Groups that they are a member of. X Remote Syslog Parameters Defines the communication to the remote syslog system X Security Reset Jumper Specifies the behavior of the TOE when a position change of the Security Rest Jumper is detected. No Effect indicates the jumper should be ignored. “Enable Guest Access” changes the permissions for the Guest account to provide access to all functions and menus. X Smart Card Authentication Client Configuration Specifies parameters for validating the certificate from the card and retrieving information from Active Directory. X USB Buffer Disables all activity via the USB device ports (with the exception of a Smart Card reader if Smart Card usage is configured). X Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 17 Item Description D.CONF D.PROT Username/Password Accounts Specify a list of accounts that are internally validated by username and password. For each account, a list of Group memberships are configured. X Visible Home Screen Icons Specifies what icons should be displayed on the touch panel home screen. X 1.9.2 Authentication Data All the items described in the following table are D.CONF. Table 8 - Authentication Data Item Description Username/Password Account Usernames and Passwords The username and password for each defined Username/Password account are used with Username/Password Account authentication performed internally by the TOE. 1.9.3 Security Attributes All the items described in the following table are D.CONF. Table 9 - Security Attributes Item Description Permissions The permissions for the user session, determined from the union of permissions from all the group memberships associated with the account Username The username specified during a successful I&A interaction. 1.9.4 User Data All the items described in the following table have both a D.DOC and D.FUNC component. Table 10 - User Data Item Description Held Jobs Data received via the network interface that is destined for the printer and held until released at the touch panel by the submitter. Network Print Job Data received via the network interface and destined for the printer. All network print jobs are held until released. 1.10 Evaluated Configuration The following configuration options apply to the evaluated configuration of the TOE: 1. The permissions configured for the Guest (default) account are minimal and do not allow access to any TSF data or functions. No permissions may be configured for the Guest account. 2. No optional network interfaces are installed on the SFPs. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 18 3. No optional parallel or serial interfaces are installed on the SFPs. These are for legacy connections to specific IT systems only. 4. All USB ports on the SFPs that perform document processing functions are disabled via configuration. In the operational environments in which the Common Criteria evaluated configuration is of interest, the users typically require that all USB ports are disabled. If Smart Card authentication is used, the card reader is physically connected to a specific USB port during TOE installation; in the evaluated configuration this USB port is limited in functionality to acting as the interface to the card reader. A reader is shipped with the SFP. If Smart Card authentication is not used, the card reader may be left unconnected. 5. Operational management functions are performed via browser sessions to the embedded web server or via the management menus available through the touch panel. 6. Access controls are configured for all TSF data so that only authorized administrators are permitted to manage those parameters. 7. All network communication is required to use IPSec with ESP to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the information exchanged, including management sessions that exchange D.CONF and D.PROT. Certificates presented by remote IT systems are validated. 8. Because all network traffic is required to use IPSec with ESP, syslog records sent to a remote IT system also are protected by IPSec with ESP. This is beyond IEEE Std. 2600.1™-2009 requirements for transmission of audit records. 9. I&A may use Username/Password Accounts and/or the LDAP+GSSAPI login method on a per-user basis. Smart Card authentication may be used for touch panel users. No other I&A mechanisms are included in the evaluation because they provide significantly lower strength than the supported mechanisms. 10. LDAP+GSSAPI and Smart Card authentication require integration with an external LDAP server such as Active Directory. This communication uses default certificates stored in NVRAM; the LDAP server must provide a valid certificate to the TOE. Binds to LDAP servers for LDAP+GSSAPI use device credentials (not anonymous bind) so that the information retrieved from Active Directory can be restricted to a specific SFP. Binds to LDAP servers for Smart Card authentication use user credentials from the card (not anonymous bind) so that the information retrieved from Active Directory can be restricted to a specific user. 11. Audit event records are transmitted to a remote IT system as they are generated using the syslog protocol. 12. No Java applications other than those stated in this section are loaded into the SFP by Administrators. These applications are referred to as eSF applications in end user documentation. The following eSF applications are installed by an administrator during TOE installation and must be enabled: “eSF Security Manager”, “Smart Card Authentication”, and “Secure Held Print Jobs”. 13. The following eSF applications are installed by an administrator during TOE installation and must be enabled if smart card authentication is used: “Smart Card Authentication Client”, “PIV Smart Card Driver (if PIV cards are used)”, “CAC Smart Card Driver (if Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 19 CAC cards are used)” )”, “SIPRNet Smart Card Driver (if SIPRNet cards are used)”, and “Background and Idle Screen”. 14. All other eSF applications installed by Lexmark before the TOE is shipped must be disabled. 15. No option card for downloadable emulators is installed in the TOE. 16. NPAP, PJL and Postscript have the ability to modify system settings. The capabilities specific to modifying system settings via these protocols are disabled. 17. All administrators must be authorized for print functions. 18. All network print jobs are held until released via the touch panel. Every network print job must include a PJL SET USERNAME statement to identify the userid of the owner of the print job. Held print jobs may only be released by an authenticated user with the same userid as specified in the print job. 19. Administrators are directed (through operational guidance) to specify passwords adhering to the following composition rules for Username/Password Accounts:  A minimum of 8 characters  At least one lower case letter, one upper case letter, and one non-alphabetic character  No dictionary words or permutations of the user name 20. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) support is disabled. 21. Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) support is disabled. 22. All unnecessary network ports are disabled. 23. The supported Diffie-Hellman groups for IKE are Group 14 (2048), Group 15 (3072), Group 16 (4096), and Group 17 (6144). Group 18 (8192) must not be enabled. The print function may be disabled or restricted, indicating that the functionality is included in the evaluation and may be disabled or restricted to an authorized set of users at the discretion of an administrator. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 20 2. Conformance Claims 2.1 Common Criteria Conformance Common Criteria version: Version 3.1 Revision 4 Common Criteria conformance: Part 2 extended and Part 3 conformant 2.2 Protection Profile Conformance PP Identification: 2600.1, Protection Profile for Hardcopy Devices, Operational Environment A, version 1.0, dated January 2009 PP Conformance: “2600.1-PP, Protection Profile for Hardcopy Devices, Operational Environment A,” “2600.1-PRT, SFR Package for Hardcopy Device Print Functions, Operational Environment A,” and “2600.1-SMI, SFR Package for Hardcopy Device Shared-medium Interface Functions, Operational Environment A” This Security Target claims demonstrable conformance to the Security Problem Definition (APE_SPD), Security Objectives (APE_OBJ), Extended Components Definitions (APE_ECD), and the Common Security Functional Requirements (APE_REQ) of the referenced PP. This TOE performs the functions F.PRT and F.SMI as defined in the referenced PP and claims demonstrable conformance to the augmented SFR packages defined for each of these functions. Rationale for PP conformance is provided in chapter 8. 2.3 Security Requirement Package Conformance Security assurance requirement package conformance: EAL3 augmented by ALC_FLR.2 Security functional requirement package conformance: The SFR packages itemized below from the referenced PP with augmentations. 1. Common Security Functional Requirements 2. 2600.1-PRT, SFR Package for Hardcopy Device Print Functions, Operational Environment A 3. 2600.1-SMI, SFR Package for Hardcopy Device Shared-medium Interface Functions, Operational Environment A Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 21 3. Security Problem Definition 3.1 Introduction This chapter defines the nature and scope of the security needs to be addressed by the TOE. Specifically this chapter identifies: A) assumptions about the environment, B) threats to the assets and C) organisational security policies. This chapter identifies assumptions as A.assumption, threats as T.threat and policies as P.policy. This chapter addresses threats posed by four categories of threat agents:  Persons who are not permitted to use the TOE who may attempt to use the TOE.  Persons who are authorized to use the TOE who may attempt to use TOE functions for which they are not authorized.  Persons who are authorized to use the TOE who may attempt to access data in ways for which they are not authorized.  Persons who unintentionally cause a software malfunction that may expose the TOE to unanticipated threats. The threats and policies defined in this chapter address the threats posed by these threat agents. 3.2 Assumptions The specific conditions listed in the following subsections are assumed to exist in the TOE environment. These assumptions include both practical realities in the development of the TOE security requirements and the essential environmental conditions on the use of the TOE. Table 11 - Assumptions A.Type Description A.ACCESS.MANAGED The TOE is located in a restricted or monitored environment that provides protection from unmanaged access to the physical components and data interfaces of the TOE. A.ADMIN.TRAINING Administrators are aware of the security policies and procedures of their organization, are trained and competent to follow the manufacturer’s guidance and documentation, and correctly configure and operate the TOE in accordance with those policies and procedures. A.ADMIN.TRUST Administrators do not use their privileged access rights for malicious purposes. A.IPSEC IPSec with ESP is used between the TOE and all remote IT systems with which it communicates over the network using IPv4 and/or IPv6. A.USER.TRAINING TOE Users are aware of the security policies and procedures of their organization, and are trained and competent to follow those policies and procedures. 3.3 Threats The threats identified in the following subsections are addressed by the TOE and the Operational Environment. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 22 Table 12 - Threats T.Type TOE Threats T.CONF.ALT TSF Confidential Data may be altered by unauthorized persons T.CONF.DIS TSF Confidential Data may be disclosed to unauthorized persons T.DOC.ALT User Document Data may be altered by unauthorized persons T.DOC.DIS User Document Data may be disclosed to unauthorized persons T.FUNC.ALT User Function Data may be altered by unauthorized persons T.PROT.ALT TSF Protected Data may be altered by unauthorized persons 3.4 Organisational Security Policies This section describes the Organizational Security Policies (OSPs) that apply to the TOE. OSPs are used to provide a basis for security objectives that are commonly desired by TOE Owners in this operational environment but for which it is not practical to universally define the assets being protected or the threats to those assets. Table 13 - Organizational Security Policies for the TOE Name Definition P.AUDIT.LOGGING To preserve operational accountability and security, records that provide an audit trail of TOE use and security-relevant events will be created, maintained, and protected from unauthorized disclosure or alteration, and will be reviewed by authorized personnel P.INTERFACE.MANAGEMENT To prevent unauthorized use of the external interfaces of the TOE, operation of those interfaces will be controlled by the TOE and its IT environment. P.SOFTWARE.VERIFICATION To detect corruption of the executable code in the TSF, procedures will exist to self-verify executable code in the TSF. P.USER.AUTHORIZATION To preserve operational accountability and security, Users will be authorized to use the TOE only as permitted by the TOE Owner Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 23 4. Security Objectives This section identifies the security objectives of the TOE and the TOE’s Operational Environment. The security objectives identify the responsibilities of the TOE and the TOE’s Operational Environment in meeting the security needs. Objectives of the TOE are identified as O.objective. Objectives that apply to the operational environment are designated as OE.objective. 4.1 Security Objectives for the TOE The TOE must satisfy the following objectives. Table 14 - Security Objectives for the TOE O.Type Security Objective O.AUDIT.LOGGED The TOE shall create and maintain a log of TOE use and security-relevant events and prevent its unauthorized disclosure or alteration. O.CONF.NO_ALT The TOE shall protect TSF Confidential Data from unauthorized alteration. O.CONF.NO_DIS The TOE shall protect TSF Confidential Data from unauthorized disclosure. O.DOC.NO_ALT The TOE shall protect User Document Data from unauthorized alteration. O.DOC.NO_DIS The TOE shall protect User Document Data from unauthorized disclosure. O.FUNC.NO_ALT The TOE shall protect User Function Data from unauthorized alteration. O.INTERFACE.MA NAGED The TOE shall manage the operation of external interfaces in accordance with security policies. O.I&A The TOE shall provide functionality to identify and authenticate users whose accounts are defined internal to the TOE. O.MANAGE The TOE will provide all the functions and facilities necessary to support the administrators in their management of the security of the TOE, and restrict these functions and facilities from unauthorized use. O.PROT.NO_ALT The TOE shall protect TSF Protected Data from unauthorized alteration. O.SOFTWARE.VER IFIED The TOE shall provide procedures to self-verify executable code in the TSF. O.TIME_STAMP The TOE will provide reliable time stamps for accountability purposes when internal clocks are configured by an administrator. O.USER.AUTHORI ZED The TOE shall require identification and authentication of Users, and shall ensure that Users are authorized in accordance with security policies before allowing them to use the TOE. 4.2 Security Objectives for the Operational Environment The TOE’s operational environment must satisfy the following objectives. Table 15 - Security Objectives of the Operational Environment OE.Type Operational Environment Security Objective OE.ADMIN.TRAINED The TOE Owner shall ensure that TOE Administrators are aware of the security policies and procedures of their organization; have the training, competence, and time to follow the manufacturer’s guidance and documentation; and correctly configure and operate the TOE in accordance with those policies and procedures. OE.ADMIN.TRUSTED The TOE Owner shall establish trust that TOE Administrators will not use their privileged access rights for malicious purposes. OE.AUDIT.REVIEWED The TOE Owner shall ensure that audit logs are reviewed at appropriate intervals for security violations or unusual patterns of activity. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 24 OE.Type Operational Environment Security Objective OE.AUDIT_ACCESS.AU THORIZED If audit records generated by the TOE are exported from the TOE to another trusted IT product, the TOE Owner shall ensure that those records can be accessed in order to detect potential security violations, and only by authorized persons. OE.AUDIT_STORAGE.P ROTECTED If audit records are exported from the TOE to another trusted IT product, the TOE Owner shall ensure that those records are protected from unauthorized access, deletion and modifications. OE.I&A The operational environment shall provide functionality to identify and authenticate users whose accounts are defined external to the TOE. OE.INTERFACE.MANA GED The IT environment shall provide protection from unmanaged access to TOE external interfaces. OE.IPSEC All remote IT system with which the TOE communicates over the network using IPv4 and/or IPv6 shall support IPSec with ESP. OE.PHYSICAL.MANAG ED The TOE shall be placed in a secure or monitored area that provides protection from unmanaged physical access to the TOE. OE.TIME_STAMP The Operational Environment will provide reliable time stamps for accountability purposes when NTP is configured by an administrator. OE.USER.AUTHORIZED The TOE Owner shall grant permission to Users to be authorized to use the TOE according to the security policies and procedures of their organization. OE.USER.TRAINED The TOE Owner shall ensure that Users are aware of the security policies and procedures of their organization and have the training and competence to follow those policies and procedures. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 25 5. Extended Components Definition 5.1 Extended Security Functional Components No extended security functional requirements are defined. 5.2 Extended Security Assurance Components No extended security assurance requirements are defined. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 26 6. Security Requirements This section contains the functional requirements that are provided by the TOE. The CC defines operations on security requirements. The font conventions listed below state the conventions used in this ST to identify the operations. Assignment: indicated in italics Selection: indicated in underlined text Assignments within selections: indicated in italics and underlined text SFR operation completed or partially completed in the PP: Bold Refinement: indicated with bold text Iterations of security functional requirements may be included. If so, iterations are specified at the component level and all elements of the component are repeated. Iterations are identified by letters in parentheses following the component or element (e.g., FAU_ARP.1(A)). 6.1 TOE Security Functional Requirements The functional requirements are described in detail in the following subsections. Additionally, these requirements are derived verbatim from Part 2 of the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation with the exception of completed operations. 6.1.1 Security Audit (FAU) 6.1.1.1 FAU_GEN.1 Audit Data Generation FAU_GEN.1.1 The TSF shall be able to generate an audit record of the following auditable events: a) Start-up and shutdown of the audit functions; b) All auditable events for the not specified level of audit; and c) All Auditable Events as each is defined for its Audit Level (if one is specified) for the Relevant SFR in Table 16; the additional auditable events specified in Table 16. FAU_GEN.1.2 The TSF shall record within each audit record at least the following information: a) Date and time of the event, type of event, subject identity, and the outcome (success or failure) of the event; and b) For each audit event type, based on the auditable event definitions of the functional components included in the PP/ST, for each Relevant SFR listed in Table 16: (1) information as defined by its Audit Level (if one is specified), and (2) all Additional Information (if any is required; the internal event number, ISO 8601 time of the event occurrence, severity, and process. Table 16 - Audit data requirements Auditable event Relevant SFR Audit level Additional Information SECURE AUDIT TURNED ON/OFF FAU_GEN.1 n/a Setting (ON or OFF) Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 27 Auditable event Relevant SFR Audit level Additional Information Job Started (Network print job with PJL SET USERNAME statement) FDP_ACF.1 Not specified Userid specified in the PJL SET USERNAME statement, Job identifier Job Started (Network print job without PJL SET USERNAME statement) FDP_ACF.1 Not specified Userid displayed as “Unknown”, Job identifier Job Completed FDP_ACF.1 Not specified Job identifier Job Canceled (By user or via release expiration period) FDP_ACF.1 Not specified Job identifier Authentication Failure FIA_UAU.1, FIA_UID.1 Basic Login mechanism, attempted user identity Successful Authentication FIA_UAU.1, FIA_UID.1 Basic Login mechanism Setting change FMT_MTD.1 Basic Parameter identifier and old and new values Use of the management functions FMT_SMF.1 Minimum None Modifications to the group of users that are part of a role FMT_SMR.1 Minimum None Time changed FPT_STM.1 Minimum None User logged out due to timeout FTA_SSL.3 Minimum None Failure of the trusted channel FTP_ITC.1 Minimum None Application Note: The audit for “Use of the management functions” is addressed by the “Setting change” audits. It is included in the audit table above for conformance with the P2600 PP. Application Note: The audit for “Modifications to the group of users that are part of a role” is addressed by the “Setting change” audits. It is included in the audit table above for conformance with the P2600 PP. 6.1.1.2 FAU_GEN.2 User Identity Association FAU_GEN.2.1 For audit events resulting from actions of identified users, the TSF shall be able to associate each auditable event with the identity of the user that caused the event. 6.1.2 Cryptographic Support (FCS) 6.1.2.1 FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic Key Generation FCS_CKM.1.1(A) The TSF shall generate cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm RSA key generation and specified cryptographic key sizes 2048 bits that meet the following: ANSI X9.31. Application Note: This SFR applies to the RSA public-private key pair generated for the default self-signed certificate used for IKEv1. FCS_CKM.1.1(B) The TSF shall generate cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm keyed hash and specified cryptographic key sizes 128 bits that meet the following: RFC2409 (IKEv1). Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 28 Application Note: This instance of the SFR applies to keys generated for IKEv1 exchanges. 6.1.2.2 FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic Key Destruction FCS_CKM.4.1 The TSF shall destroy cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key destruction method zeroization that meets the following: FIPS 140-2. 6.1.2.3 FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation FCS_COP.1.1 The TSF shall perform the operations listed in the table below in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm multiple algorithms described below and cryptographic key sizes as described below that meet the following: multiple standards as described below. Table 17 - Cryptographic Operations Algorithm Operations Key/Hash Size in Bits Standards Triple-DES (EDE in CBC mode) Encryption, decryption 168 SP800-67 SP800-38A FIPS 46-3 AES (CBC mode) 128, 256 FIPS 197 SP800-38A SHA Hashing 160, 256, 512 FIPS 180-3 RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 Digital signatures 2048 PKCS#1 v2.1 Diffie-Hellman IKEv1 KDF Group 14 (2048), Group 15 (3072), Group 16 (4096), Group 17 (6144) SP800-135 DRBG Random number generation n/a SP 800-90A 6.1.3 User Data Protection (FDP) 6.1.3.1 FDP_ACC.1 Subset Access Control FDP_ACC.1.1(A) The TSF shall enforce the Common Access Control SFP on 1. Subjects: Users (U.USER) 2. Objects: Network Print Job 3. Operations: Create, View, Modify, Release, Delete Application Note: “Release” refers to releasing held jobs to be printed (at which time they can be read). “View” refers to the ability to see that the job exists (D.FUNC), not to view the user data inside the job. No functionality exists to view the user data inside a job other than printing the document. “Modify” refers to the ability to change job parameters (e.g. number of copies). FDP_ACC.1.1(B) The TSF shall enforce the TOE Function Access Control SFP on 1. Subjects: Users (U.USER) 2. Objects: TOE Functions - F.PRT, F.SMI 3. Operations: Invoke Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 29 6.1.3.2 FDP_ACF.1 Security Attribute Based Access Control FDP_ACF.1.1(A) The TSF shall enforce the Common Access Control SFP to objects based on the following: 1. Subjects: Users (U.USER) – Username, Group memberships 2. Objects: Network Print Job - owner FDP_ACF.1.2(A) The TSF shall enforce the following rules to determine if an operation among controlled subjects and controlled objects is allowed: the rules specified in the following table. Table 18 - Common Access Control SFP Rules Operation Object Create View Modify Release Delete Network Print Job Allowed if the submitted job includes a userid in a SET USERNAME PJL statement and the user is permitted to access the Secure Held Print Jobs function. Note that all incoming network print jobs are held in the evaluated configuration. The job owner is the userid specified in the PJL SET USERNAME statement. Allowed for jobs owned by the user if the user is permitted to access the Secure Held Print Jobs function n/a Allowed for jobs owned by the user if the user is permitted to access the Secure Held Print Jobs function Allowed for jobs owned by the user if the user is permitted to access the Secure Held Print Jobs function FDP_ACF.1.3(A) The TSF shall explicitly authorise access of subjects to objects based on the following additional rules: no rules that explicitly authorise access. FDP_ACF.1.4(A) The TSF shall explicitly deny access of subjects to objects based on the following rules: no rules that explicitly deny access. FDP_ACF.1.1(B) The TSF shall enforce the TOE Function Access Control SFP to objects based on the following: 1. Subjects: Users (U.USER) – Group memberships 2. Objects: TOE Functions (F.PRT, F.SMI) - None FDP_ACF.1.2(B) The TSF shall enforce the following rules to determine if an operation among controlled subjects and controlled objects is allowed: the user is explicitly authorized by U.ADMINISTRATOR to use a function. FDP_ACF.1.3(B) The TSF shall explicitly authorise access of subjects to objects based on the following additional rules: no rules that explicitly authorise access. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 30 FDP_ACF.1.4(B) The TSF shall explicitly deny access of subjects to objects based on the following rules: if a listed access control is “Disabled” access is denied. 6.1.3.3 FDP_RIP.1 Subset Residual Information Protection FDP_RIP.1.1 The TSF shall ensure that any previous information content of a resource is made unavailable upon the deallocation of the resource from the following objects: D.DOC. 6.1.4 Identification and Authentication (FIA) 6.1.4.1 FIA_AFL.1 Authentication Failure Handling FIA_AFL.1.1 The TSF shall detect when an administrator configurable positive integer within the range of 1 to 10 unsuccessful authentication attempts occur related to accounts within the administratively configured failure time frame. FIA_AFL.1.2 When the defined number of unsuccessful authentication attempts has been met, the TSF shall disable the account for the administratively configured lockout time. 6.1.4.2 FIA_ATD.1 User Attribute Definition FIA_ATD.1.1 The TSF shall maintain the following list of security attributes belonging to individual users: 1. Username 2. Password 3. Associated groups 4. User permissions, as specified by associated groups 5. Number of consecutive authentication failures 6. Time of the earliest authentication failure (since the last successful login if any have occurred) 7. Account lock status 6.1.4.3 FIA_UAU.1 Timing of Authentication FIA_UAU.1.1 The TSF shall allow submission of network print jobs, and usage of the touch panel and browser sessions to view SFP status on behalf of the user to be performed before the user is authenticated. FIA_UAU.1.2 The TSF shall require each user to be successfully authenticated before allowing any other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that user. Application Note: The TOE only performs the authentication for users using Username/Password Accounts. When I&A uses LDAP+GSSAPI or Smart Card, authentication is under the control of the LDAP server (and the Smart Card) in the operational environment. For all mechanisms, the TOE restricts access to other functionality until authentication is successful. 6.1.4.4 FIA_UAU.7 Protected Authentication Feedback FIA_UAU.7.1 The TSF shall provide only asterisks (“*”) or dots (“●”) to the user while the authentication is in progress. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 31 6.1.4.5 FIA_UID.1 Timing of Identification FIA_UID.1.1 The TSF shall allow usage of the touch panel and browser sessions to view SFP status on behalf of the user to be performed before the user is identified. FIA_UID.1.2 The TSF shall require each user to be successfully identified before allowing any other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that user. Application Note: The TOE only performs the identification for users using Username/Password Accounts. When I&A uses LDAP+GSSAPI or Smart Card, identification is under the control of the LDAP server (and the Smart Card) in the operational environment. For all mechanisms, the TOE restricts access to other functionality until identification is successful. 6.1.4.6 FIA_USB.1 User-Subject Binding FIA_USB.1.1 The TSF shall associate the following user security attributes with subjects acting on behalf of that user: 1. Username 2. Password 3. Associated groups (for Username/Password Accounts only) 4. User permissions FIA_USB.1.2 The TSF shall enforce the following rules on the initial association of user security attributes with subjects acting on the behalf of users: 1. The username and password are the values supplied by the user. 2. The associated groups are the values configured for the user account. 3. User permissions are determined by combining the configured permissions for each associated group. FIA_USB.1.3 The TSF shall enforce the following rules governing changes to the user security attributes associated with subjects acting on the behalf of users: the security attributes do not change during a session. 6.1.5 Security Management (FMT) 6.1.5.1 FMT_MSA.1 Management of Security Attributes FMT_MSA.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the Common Access Control SFP and TOE Function Access Control SFP to restrict the ability to query, modify, delete, create the security attributes Username, associated groups and user permissions to administrators authorized for access to the Security Menu. 6.1.5.2 FMT_MSA.3 Static Attribute Initialisation FMT_MSA.3.1 The TSF shall enforce the Common Access Control SFP and TOE Function Access Control SFP to provide restrictive default values for security attributes that are used to enforce the SFP. FMT_MSA.3.2 The TSF shall allow the no role to specify alternative initial values to override the default values when an object or information is created. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 32 6.1.5.3 FMT_MTD.1 Management of TSF Data FMT_MTD.1.1 The TSF shall restrict the ability to query, modify, delete, create the data identified in the following table to the authorized identified roles except U.NORMAL. Application Note: The user permission for each TSF data item to determine “authorized identified roles” is identified in the following table. Table 19 - TSF Data Item Authorization Menu Item Operations Active Directory Configuration Security Menu Create Date and Time Parameters Device Menu Query, Modify Enable Audit Security Menu Query, Modify Enable HTTP Server Network/Ports Menu Query, Modify Enable Remote Syslog Security Menu Query, Modify Groups Security Menu Query, Modify, Delete, Create Held Print Job Expiration Timer Security Menu Query, Modify IPSec Settings Network/Ports Menu Query, Modify Job Waiting Device Menu Query, Modify Kerberos Setup Security Menu Query, Modify LDAP Certificate Verification Security Menu Query, Modify LDAP+GSSAPI – SFP Credentials Security Menu Query, Modify LDAP+GSSAPI Configuration Security Menu Query, Modify, Delete, Create Login Restrictions Security Menu Query, Modify Network Port Network/Ports Menu Query, Modify Permissions Security Menu Query, Modify Remote Syslog Parameters Security Menu Query, Modify Security Reset Jumper Security Menu Query, Modify Smart Card Authentication Client Configuration Security Menu Query, Modify USB Buffer Network/Ports Menu Query, Modify Username/Password Accounts Security Menu Query, Modify, Delete, Create Visible Home Screen Icons Device Menu Query, Modify Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 33 6.1.5.4 FMT_SMF.1 Specification of Management Functions FMT_SMF.1.1 The TSF shall be capable of performing the following management functions: 1. User management 2. Access control management 3. Time management 6.1.5.5 FMT_SMR.1 Security Roles FMT_SMR.1.1 The TSF shall maintain the roles defined by the security-relevant permissions in the following table that can be configured in an operational TOE for users via group memberships. Table 20 - FMT_SMR.1 Detail Item Description Administrators Only? Device Menu Controls access to the Device Menu Yes Function Configuration Menus Controls access to the Print menu for configuration of that function Yes Network/Ports Menu Controls access to the Network/ Ports Menu Yes Reports Menu Controls access to the Reports Menu via the Administration Menus. This includes information about user jobs, which can’t be disclosed to non- administrators. Yes Secure Held Print Jobs In the evaluated configuration, controls which users are permitted to access the Held Jobs menu. No Security Menu Controls access to the Security Menu Yes Application Note: If any permission identified as “Administrators Only” in the table above is associated with a user account, then that user account is implicitly an Administrator (U.ADMINISTRATOR). If no permission identified as “Administrators Only” in the table above is associated with a user account but any permission not identified as “Administrator Only” is, then that user account is implicitly a Normal User (U.NORMAL). The role “Guest” applies to a defined user that has no permissions identified in the table above. FMT_SMR.1.2 The TSF shall be able to associate users with roles, except for the role “Nobody” to which no user shall be associated. Refinement Rationale: The SFR is reproduced with the refinement included in the P2600 Protection Profile. In this TOE, the Guest user corresponds to the role Nobody. Since the evaluated configuration requires that no permissions are allocated to the Guest account, users must login before gaining access to any TSF data or functions. 6.1.6 Protection of the TSF (FPT) 6.1.6.1 FPT_STM.1 Reliable Time Stamps FPT_STM.1.1 The TSF shall be able to provide reliable time-stamps. Application Note: This SFR only applies when the TOE is configured to use internal timestamps. If the TOE is configured to obtain timestamps from an external NTP server, this functionality is provided by that external NTP server in the operational environment. 6.1.6.2 FPT_TST.1 TSF Testing FPT_TST.1.1 The TSF shall run a suite of self tests during initial start-up to demonstrate the correct operation of the cryptographic components of the TSF. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 34 FPT_TST.1.2 The TSF shall provide authorised users with the capability to verify the integrity of the configuration data. FPT_TST.1.3 The TSF shall provide authorised users with the capability to verify the integrity of stored TSF executable code. 6.1.7 TOE Access (FTA) 6.1.7.1 FTA_SSL.3 TSF-Initiated Termination FTA_SSL.3.1 The TSF shall terminate an interactive session after a period of time configured by an authorized administrator for touch panel and web browser sessions. 6.1.8 Trusted Path/Channels (FTP) 6.1.8.1 FTP_ITC.1 Inter-TSF Trusted Channel FTP_ITC.1.1 The TSF shall provide a communication channel between itself and another trusted IT product that is logically distinct from other communication channels and provides assured identification of its end points and protection of the channel data from modification or disclosure. FTP_ITC.1.2 The TSF shall permit the TSF, another trusted IT product to initiate communication via the trusted channel. FTP_ITC.1.3 The TSF shall initiate communication via the trusted channel for communication of D.DOC, D.FUNC, D.PROT, and D.CONF over any Shared-medium Interface. Application Note: For this TOE, the network interface is the only shared-medium interface. The TSF requires all IP datagrams entering or leaving the box to use IPSec with ESP (other than the ISAKMP/IKE datagrams used to set up the security associations). If an incoming IP datagram does not satisfy this rule, the TSF attempts to establish a security association with the remote IT system that originated the datagram. 6.2 TOE Security Assurance Requirements The TOE meets the assurance requirements for EAL3 augmented by ALC_FLR.2. These requirements are summarized in the following table. Table 21 - EAL3+ Assurance Requirements Assurance Class Component ID Component Title Development ADV_ARC.1 Security architecture description ADV_FSP.3 Functional specification with complete summary ADV_TDS.2 Architectural design Guidance Documents AGD_OPE.1 Operational user guidance AGD_PRE.1 Preparative procedures Life-Cycle Support ALC_CMC.3 Authorisation controls ALC_CMS.3 Implementation representation CM coverage ALC_DEL.1 Delivery procedures ALC_DVS.1 Identification of security measures ALC_FLR.2 Flaw reporting procedures ALC_LCD.1 Developer defined life-cycle model Tests ATE_COV.2 Analysis of coverage Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 35 Assurance Class Component ID Component Title ATE_DPT.1 Testing: basic design ATE_FUN.1 Functional testing ATE_IND.2 Independent testing - sample Vulnerability Assessment AVA_VAN.2 Vulnerability analysis 6.3 CC Component Hierarchies and Dependencies This section of the ST demonstrates that the identified SFRs include the appropriate hierarchy and dependencies. The following table lists the TOE SFRs and the SFRs each are hierarchical to, dependent upon and any necessary rationale. Table 22 - TOE SFR Dependency Rationale SFR Hierarchical To Dependency Rationale FAU_GEN.1 No other components. FPT_STM.1 Satisfied FAU_GEN.2 No other components. FAU_GEN.1, FIA_UID.1 Satisfied Satisfied FCS_CKM.1 No other components. [FCS_CKM.2 or FCS_COP.1], FCS_CKM.4 Satisfied Satisfied FCS_CKM.4 No other components. [FDP_ITC.1 or FDP_ITC.2, or FCS_CKM.1] Satisfied FCS_COP.1 No other components. [FDP_ITC.1 or FDP_ITC.2, or FCS_CKM.1], FCS_CKM.4 Satisfied Satisfied FDP_ACC.1 No other components. FDP_ACF.1 Satisfied FDP_ACF.1 No other components. FDP_ACC.1, FMT_MSA.3 Satisfied Satisfied FDP_RIP.1 No other components. None n/a FIA_AFL.1 No other components. FIA_UAU.1 Satisfied FIA_ATD.1 No other components. None n/a FIA_UAU.1 No other components. FIA_UID.1 Satisfied FIA_UAU.7 No other components. FIA_UAU.1 Satisfied FIA_UID.1 No other components. None n/a FIA_USB.1 No other components. FIA_ATD.1 Satisfied FMT_MSA.1 No other components. [FDP_ACC.1 or FDP_IFC.1], FMT_SMF.1 FMT_SMR.1 Satisfied Satisfied Satisfied FMT_MSA.3 No other components. FMT_MSA.1, FMT_SMR.1 Satisfied Satisfied FMT_MTD.1 No other components. FMT_SMF.1, FMT_SMR.1 Satisfied Satisfied FMT_SMF.1 No other components. None n/a FMT_SMR.1 No other components. FIA_UID.1 Satisfied FPT_STM.1 No other components. None n/a FPT_TST.1 No other components. None n/a FTA_SSL.3 No other components. None n/a Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 36 SFR Hierarchical To Dependency Rationale FTP_ITC.1 No other components. None n/a Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 37 7. TOE Summary Specification 7.1 Security Functions 7.1.1 Audit Generation The TOE generates audit event records for security-relevant events. A severity level is associated with each type of auditable event; only events at or below the severity level configured by an administrator are generated. Each record format follows the syslog format defined in the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Syslog Protocol (RFC 3164). The TOE supplies the PRI, HEADER, MSG/TAG, and MSG/CONTENT fields for all messages. The CONTENT portion may contain the following fields (in order, separated by commas):  Event Number  ISO 8601 time ([YYYY-MM-DD]T[hh:mm:ss])  Severity  Process (same as TAG)  Remote IPv4 address  Remote IPv6 address  Remote Hostname  Remote Port  Local Port  Authentication/Authorization method  Username  Setting ID  Setting’s old and new values  Event name  Event data The time field is supplied by the TOE if internal time is configured by an administrator or by an NTP server if external time is configured. Fields in the CONTENT section that are not relevant for specific events are blank. The remote IPv4 address, remote IPv6 address, remote hostname, remote port, and local port fields are always blank for events resulting from actions at the SFP (e.g. usage of the touch panel). The events that cause audit records to be generated are specified in section 6.1.1.1 . As audit event records are generated, they are forwarded to the remote syslog IT system configured by an administrator. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 38 7.1.2 Identification and Authentication Users are required to successfully complete the I&A process before they are permitted to access any restricted data or functionality. The set of restricted user functionality is under the control of the administrators, with the exception of submission of network print jobs which is always allowed. A new session is established for the touch panel when the system boots and for web sessions when the connection is established. All sessions are initially bound to the Guest (default) user. In the evaluated configuration, the Guest user has no access to restricted functions or data. Users must log in as a different user in order to gain access to TOE functionality. Multiple login mechanisms are supported in the evaluated configuration: Smart Card authentication, Username/Password Accounts and LDAP+GSSAPI. For Smart Card authentication, no functions at the touch panel are allowed until I&A successfully completes. The touch panel displays a message directing the user to insert a card into the attached reader. Once a card is inserted, the user is prompted for a PIN. When the PIN is entered, only asterisks (“*”) or dots (“●”) are displayed. Once the PIN is collected (indicated by the user touching the Next button), the TOE passes the PIN to the card for validation. If it is not valid, a message is displayed on the touch panel and the user is asked to re-enter the PIN. After the card-configured number of consecutive invalid PINs, the card will lock itself until unlocked by a card administrator. Upon successful card validation, the TOE forwards the certificate from the card to the configured Kerberos Key Distribution Center (Windows Domain Controller) for validation. If the certificate validation is not successful, an error message is displayed on the touch panel until the current card is removed from the reader. If the certificate validation is successful, the TOE binds the username, account name, and email address (all obtained from the LDAP server to the user session for future use. The group memberships for the user are also retrieved from the LDAP server and, for each group that matches a configured group in the TOE, the permissions for the group are merged to determine the overall permissions for the user session. An audit record for the successful authentication is generated. For Username/Password Accounts and LDAP+GSSAPI, the TOE collects a username and password via the touch panel or via the browser session. When the password is entered, only asterisks (“*”) are displayed. Once the username and password are collected, the next step in the process depends on the I&A mechanism being used. For Username/Password Accounts, the TOE performs the validation of the username and password against the set of configured Username/Password Accounts. If the validation fails because of an invalid password (for a valid username), the count of failed authentication attempts is incremented for that account. If the threshold for failed attempts within a time period is reached, then the account is marked as being locked for the configured amount of time to mitigate against brute force password attacks. This information is tracked in memory and is not maintained across a restart of the TOE. For LDAP+GSSAPI, the TOE forwards the username and password to the configured LDAP server for validation (using the configured machine credentials) and waits for the response. If no response is received, the validation is considered to have failed. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 39 In the case of failed validations, an error message is displayed via the touch panel or browser session, and then the display returns to the previous screen for further user action. An audit record for the failed authentication attempt is generated. If validation is successful, the TOE binds the username, password, account name, and email address to the user session for future use. An audit record for the successful authentication is generated. Permissions for the user session are determined from group memberships. For Username/Password accounts, the permissions for each group that the user is a member of (as specified in the account configuration) are combined. For Smart Cards and LDAP+GSSAPI, a list of group memberships are retrieved from the LDAP server. For each of those groups that match a group configured in the TOE, the permissions are combined. The user session is considered to be active until the user explicitly logs off, removes the card or the administrator-configured inactivity timer for sessions expires. If the inactivity timer expires, an audit record is generated. 7.1.2.1 Active Directory If Active Directory parameters are supplied and Join is selected, the parameter values are used to join the Active Directory Domain. If successful, machine credentials are generated and the LDAP+GSSAPI configuration parameters are automatically updated with the Domain and machine information. Once the Domain has been joined, subsequent I&A attempts may use the LDAP+GSSAPI configuration to validate user credentials using the newly-created machine credentials as described above. The credentials specified for Active Directory by an authorized administrator are not saved. 7.1.3 Access Control Access control validates the user access request against the user’s permissions configured by administrators. Users of the TOE, whether accessing the TOE via the touch panel or web interface, are considered to be in one or more of the following categories:  Authorized Users – permitted to perform one or more of the SFP user functions defined in section 1.6.2.3  Authorized Administrators – permitted to access administrative functionality for control and monitoring of the SFP operation  Any Users – the Guest account as well as Authorized Users and Authorized Administrators Permissions may be configured for the following items: Table 23 - Access Control Items Item Description Comment Apps Configuration Controls access to the configuration of any installed applications Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 40 Item Description Comment B/W Print Controls the ability to print black and white jobs. Permission may only be granted to authorized users in the evaluated configuration Cancel Jobs at the device Controls access to the functionality to cancel jobs via the touch panel. Permission may only be granted to authorized users in the evaluated configuration Change Language from Home Screen Controls access to the Change Language button on the Home screen (when displayed); this button is NOT displayed by default but a user can activate it via the “General Settings Menu” Permission may be granted to any users, including Guest Color Dropout Controls a user’s ability to activate the Color Dropout functionality as part of a job; if protected and the user fails to authenticate, then the device DOES NOT use the color dropout functionality in the job Permission may only be granted to authorized users in the evaluated configuration Color Print Controls the ability to print color jobs. Permission may only be granted to authorized users in the evaluated configuration Device Menu Controls access to the Device administrative menu Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Firmware Updates Controls a user’s ability to update the device’s firmware code via the network Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Flash Drive Color Printing Controls whether USB interfaces may be used for color print operations Permission must not be specified for any user Flash Drive Print Controls whether USB interfaces may be used for black and white print operations Permission must not be specified for any user Function Configuration Menus Controls access to the configuration menus for the print function. Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Held Jobs Access Controls access to the Held jobs menu if the “Secure Held Print Jobs” eSF application is not installed Permission must not be specified for any user Import/Export Settings Controls the ability to import and export configuration files Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) Controls access to print job submission via IPP Permission must not be specified for any user Manage Bookmarks Controls access to the Delete Bookmark, Create Bookmark, and Create Folder buttons from both the bookmark list screen and from the individual bookmark screen Permission must not be specified for any user Manage Shortcuts Controls access to the Manage Shortcuts Menu Permission must not be specified for any user Network/Ports Menu Controls access to the Network/ Ports Menu Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 41 Item Description Comment New Apps Controls access to configuration parameters for apps subsequently added to the device. Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Option Card Menu Controls a user’s ability to access the “Option Card Menu” that displays menu nodes associated with installed DLEs Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Out of Service Erase Controls the ability to wipe information in the SFP when it is being taken out of service. Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Paper Menu Controls access to the Paper Menu Permission may be granted to any users, including Guest Remote Management Controls whether or not management functions may be invoked from remote IT systems Permission must not be specified for any user Reports Menu Controls access to the Reports Menu. This includes information about user jobs, which can’t be disclosed to non- administrators. Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Secure Held Print Jobs Controls access to the Held Jobs menu if the “Secure Held Print Jobs” eSF application is installed Permission may only be granted to authorized users in the evaluated configuration Security Menus Controls access to the Security Menu Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Supplies Menus Controls access to the Security Menu Permission may only be granted to authorized administrators in the evaluated configuration Authorization is restricted by not associating a permission with a group. When the permission is a menu, access is also restricted to all submenus (a menu that is normally reached by navigating through the listed item). This is necessary for instances where a shortcut could bypass the listed menu. If a shortcut is used to access a sub-menu, the access control check for the applicable menu item is still performed (as if normal menu traversal was being performed). When a function is restricted, the access control function determines if the user has permission to access the function. Normally the icons for the functions the user is not permitted to access are not displayed in the GUI. The following table summarizes the access controls and configuration parameters used by the TOE to control user access to the SFP functions provided by the TOE. Additional details for each function are provided in subsequent sections. Table 24 - TOE Function Access Control SFP Rules Object Access Control Rules Configuration Parameter Rules F.PRT Network print jobs can always be submitted. The job is held until released by a user who is authorized for the Secure Held Print Jobs function and has the same userid as was Allowed Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 42 Object Access Control Rules Configuration Parameter Rules specified in the SET USERNAME PJL statement. Network print jobs without a PJL SET USERNAME statement are automatically deleted after the expiry period for held jobs. F.SMI Print jobs received via the network interface may not be transmitted back out the network interface. Input via the touch panel is not transmitted out the network interface (other than audit records transmitted to the configured Syslog server). n/a 7.1.3.1 Printing Submission of print jobs from users on the network is always permitted. Jobs that do not contain a PJL SET USERNAME statement are discarded after the configured held jobs expiry period. Submitted jobs are always held on the TOE until released or deleted by a user authorized for the appropriate access control and whose userid matches the username specified when the job was submitted. Users are able to display the queue of their pending print jobs. If a held job is not released within the configured expiration time, the job is automatically deleted. 7.1.3.2 Postscript Access Control In the evaluated configuration, the setdevparams, setsysparams and setuserparams Postscript operators are made non-operational so that the Postscript DataStream can not modify configuration settings in the TOE. 7.1.4 Management The TOE provides the ability for authorized administrators to manage TSF data from remote IT systems via a browser session or locally via the touch panel. Authorization is granular, enabling different administrators to be granted access to different TSF data. When an administrator modifies TSF data, an audit record is generated. 7.1.5 D.DOC Wiping The TOE overwrites RAM with a fixed pattern upon deallocation of any buffer used to hold user data. 7.1.6 Secure Communications IPSec with ESP is required for all network datagram exchanges with remote IT systems. IPSec provide confidentiality, integrity and authentication of the endpoints. Supported encryption options for ESP are TDES and AES. SHA is supported for HMACs. ISAKMP and IKE are used to establish the Security Association (SA) and session keys for the IPSec exchanges. Diffie-Hellman is used for IKEv1 Key Derivation Function as specified in RFC2409, using Oakley Groups 14, 15, 16, or 17. This session key is stored in RAM. During the ISAKMP exchange, the TOE requires the remote IT system to provide a certificate and the RSA signature for it is validated, or pre-shared keys may be configured by administrators and validated between endpoints. The key size specified in the SA exchange is always 128 bits and Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 43 the encryption algorithm is AES-CBC, and the Hash Authentication Algorithm may be SHA-1, SHA-256, or SHA-512 (as configured by administrators). Keys generated for the IKEv1 exchanges are performed per RFC2409. If an incoming IP datagram does not use IPSec with ESP, the datagram is discarded. If external accounts are defined, LDAP+GSSAPI is used for the exchanges with the LDAP server. Kerberos v5 with AES encryption is supported for exchanges with the LDAP server. All session keys are stored in dynamic RAM. The TOE zeroizes the session keys by overwriting once with zeros when the sessions are terminated. 7.1.7 Self Test During initial start-up, the TOE performs self tests on the cryptographic components of the TOE. The integrity of the configuration data is also verified. The integrity of the stored TSF executable code is verified by calculating a hash of the executable code and comparing it to a saved value. If any problems are detected, an appropriate error message is posted on the touch screen and operation is suspended. If a problem is detected with the integrity of the configuration data, the data is reset to the factory default, an audit log record is generated, an appropriate error message is posted on the touch screen, and further operation is suspended. In this case, a system restart will result in the system being operational with the factory default settings for the data. 7.1.8 Deviations From Allowed Cryptographic Standards The following deviations from the Allowed Cryptographic Standards in 188 Scheme Crypto Policy are noted: 1. Hashing: SHA-1 is supported for backward compatibility with remote systems. 2. HMAC: 160 bit keys with SHA-1 is supported for backward compatibility with remote systems. 3. Digital Signatures: RSASSA-PKCS-v1_5 with 1024 bit keys and SHA-1 is supported for backward compatibility with remote systems. 4. RSA key generation: ANSI X9.31 is used because the module was implemented prior to the publication of FIPS 186-4. 7.1.9 Cryptographic Functionality Provided by the Operational Environment The Secure Element incorporates an Infineon Smart Card IC M9900. The M9900 provides a True Random Number Generator (TRNG) used by the TOE for random number generation. TOE firmware executing on the Main Processor Board of the MFP access a socket at "/var/run/egd- pool" to obtain random numbers. When the available data in this pool drops below 64 bytes, the TOE sends the Random Number Generate (CMD ID = 0x0001) command to the Secure Element. The command is processed by the Lexmark firmware executing on the Secure Element. When a Random Number Generate command is received, the firmware uses the Infineon function call IFX_ReadTrng to obtain more random data from the physical random number generator of the M9900. The random data is returned to the Main Processor Board by the Lexmark firmware and is then added to the data available from /var/run/egd-pool. The average Shannon entropy per internal random bit of the TRNG exceeds 0.997. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 44 8. Protection Profile Claims This chapter provides detailed information in reference to the Protection Profile conformance identification that appears in Chapter 2. 8.1 TOE Type Consistency Both the PP and the TOE describe Hard Copy Devices. 8.2 Security Problem Definition Consistency This ST claims demonstrable conformance to the referenced PP. All of the assumptions, threats, and organizational security policies of the PP are included in the ST. One additional assumption (A.IPSEC) is included in the ST, resulting in the ST being more restrictive than the PP. 8.3 Security Objectives Consistency This ST claims demonstrable conformance to the referenced PP. All of the security objectives for the TOE and the operational environment (IT and non-IT) of the PP are included in the ST. The following additional security objectives are included in the ST: 1. O.I&A 2. O.MANAGE 3. O.TIME_STAMP 4. OE.I&A 5. OE.IPSEC 6. OE.TIME_STAMP Therefore, the ST is more restrictive than the PP. 8.4 Security Functional Requirements Consistency This ST claims demonstrable conformance to the referenced PP. All of the SFRs from the claimed SFR packages are included in the ST with any fully or partially completed operations from the PP. Any remaining operations have been completed. The following notes apply to conformance of the SFRs in the ST. 1. The auditable events listed in the table with FAU_GEN.1 have been enumerated to match the specific events generated by the TOE. All of the events required by the PP are represented along with additional events. 2. SFRs from the FCS class have been added to the ST to address cryptographic functionality for IPSec, which are additions to the security functionality required by the PP. 3. FDP_ACC.1(a) and FDP_ACF.1(a) have been integrated with the individual instances of FDP_ACC.1 and FDP_ACF.1 from the applicable SFR packages of the PP into a single instance of FDP_ACC.1 and FDP_ACF.1 (still named Common Access Control SFP) that addresses all of the access control policies. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 45 4. FIA_AFL.1 has been added to the ST to address to address authentication failure handling per application note 36 in the PP. 5. FIA_UAU.7 has been added to the ST to address to address protected authentication feedback per application note 36 in the PP. 6. FMT_MSA.1(a) and FMT_MSA.1(b) from the PP were combined into a single instance of FMT_MSA.1 since all the completed operations were identical. 7. FMT_MSA.3(a) and FMT_MSA.3(b) from the PP were combined into a single instance of FMT_MSA.3 since all the completed operations were identical. 8. FMT_MTD.1(a) and FMT_MTD.1(b) from the PP were combined into a single instance of FMT_MTD.1. Users (U.NORMAL) do not have any access to TSF data, and it was necessary to provide permission-level granularity of the administrator role for various TSF data access. Given these conditions, it was simpler to combine the instances of FMT_MTD.1 in the ST. In addition, Create was added as an operation in order to distinguish between creation and modification of entities. 9. For FMT_SMR.1, the TOE provides greater granularity of roles (based on individual permissions) than is required by the PP. The permission-based description has been provided in the ST, and an application note with the SFR defines the relationship between those permissions and the roles defined by the PP. 10. The instance of the FAU_GEN.1 in the SMI package has been integrated with the instance of FAU_GEN.1 in the common requirements. 8.5 Security Assurance Requirements Consistency The ST assurance claims are identical to the assurance claims of the PP. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 46 9. Rationale This chapter provides the rationale for the selection of the IT security requirements, objectives, assumptions and threats. It shows that the IT security requirements are suitable to meet the security objectives, Security Requirements, and TOE security functional. 9.1 Rationale for IT Security Objectives This section of the ST demonstrates that the identified security objectives are covering all aspects of the security needs. This includes showing that each threat, policy and assumption is addressed by a security objective. The following table identifies for each threat, policy and assumption, the security objective(s) that address it. Table 25 - Threats, Policies and Assumptions to Security Objectives Mapping O.AUDIT.LOGGED O.CONF.NO_ALT O.CONF.NO_DIS O.DOC.NO_ALT O.DOC.NO_DIS O.FUNC.NO_ALT O.INTERFACE.MANAGED O.I&A O.MANAGE O.PROT.NO_ALT O.SOFTWARE.VERIFIED O.TIME_STAMP O.USER.AUTHORIZED OE.ADMIN.TRAINED OE.ADMIN.TRUSTED OE.AUDIT.REVIEWED OE.AUDIT_ACCESS.AUTHORIZED OE.AUDIT_STORAGE.PROTECTED OE.I&A OE.IPSEC OE.INTERFACE.MANAGED OE.PHYSICAL.MANAGED OE.TIME_STAMP OE.USER.AUTHORIZED OE.USER.TRAINED A.ACCESS.MANAG ED X A.ADMIN.TRAININ G X A.ADMIN.TRUST X A.IPSEC X A.USER.TRAINING X T.CONF.ALT X X X X X T.CONF.DIS X X X X X T.DOC.ALT X X X X X T.DOC.DIS X X X X X T.FUNC.ALT X X X X X T.PROT.ALT X X X X X P.AUDIT.LOGGING X X X X X X P.INTERFACE.MA NAGEMENT X X P.SOFTWARE.VERI FICATION X P.USER.AUTHORIZ ATION X X X X X 9.1.1 Rationale Showing Threats to Security Objectives The following table describes the rationale for the threat to security objectives mapping. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 47 Table 26 - Threats to Security Objectives Rationale T.TYPE Security Objectives Rationale T.CONF.ALT O.CONF.NO_ALT – The objective addresses the threat by requiring the TOE to protect against unauthorized alteration of TSF Confidential Data. O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the threat by requiring I&A mechanisms so that appropriate authorizations may be associated with users. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the threat by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. T.CONF.DIS O.CONF.NO_DIS - The objective addresses the threat by requiring the TOE to protect against unauthorized disclosure of TSF Confidential Data. O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the threat by requiring I&A mechanisms so that appropriate authorizations may be associated with users. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the threat by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. T.DOC.ALT O.DOC.NO_ALT - The objective addresses the threat by requiring the TOE to protect against unauthorized alteration of User Document Data. O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the threat by requiring I&A mechanisms so that appropriate authorizations may be associated with users. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the threat by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. T.DOC.DIS O.DOC.NO_DIS - The objective addresses the threat by requiring the TOE to protect against unauthorized disclosure of User Document Data. O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the threat by requiring I&A mechanisms so that appropriate authorizations may be associated with users. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the threat by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. T.FUNC.ALT O.FUNC.NO_ALT - The objective addresses the threat by requiring the TOE to protect against unauthorized alteration of User Function Data. O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the threat by requiring I&A mechanisms so that appropriate authorizations may be associated with users. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the threat by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. T.PROT.ALT O.PROT.NO_ALT - The objective addresses the threat by requiring the TOE to protect against unauthorized alteration of TSF Protected Data. O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the threat by requiring I&A mechanisms so that appropriate authorizations may be associated with users. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the threat by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. 9.1.2 Rationale Showing Policies to Security Objectives The following table describes the rationale for the policy to security objectives mapping. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 48 Table 27 - Policies to Security Objectives Rationale P.TYPE Security Objectives Rationale P.AUDIT.LOGGING O.AUDIT.LOGGED – The objective addresses the first part of the policy by requiring the TOE to generate audit records for TOE usage and security- relevant events, and to protect these records while they are inside the TSC. O.TIME_STAMP – The objective supports the policy by requiring the TOE to provide time stamps for the audit records when time is being tracked internally. OE.AUDIT.REVIEWED – The objective addresses the audit review portion of the policy by requiring timely review of the generated audit records. OE.AUDIT_ACCESS.AUTHORIZED – The objective supports the policy by requiring the operational environment to make the audit records available to authorized personnel only. OE.AUDIT_STORAGE.PROTECTED - The objective supports the policy by requiring the operational environment to protect the stored audit records from unauthorized access. OE.TIME_STAMP - The objective supports the policy by requiring the TOE to provide time stamps for the audit records when time is being supplied externally. P.INTERFACE.MA NAGEMENT O.INTERFACE.MANAGED – The objective addresses the policy by requiring the TOE to enforce access to and usage of the TOE interfaces within the TSC. OE.INTERFACE.MANAGED – The objective addresses the policy by requiring the operational environment to control access to the TOE interfaces within the operational environment. P.SOFTWARE.VERI FICATION O.SOFTWARE.VERIFIED – The objective restates the policy. P.USER.AUTHORIZ ATION O.I&A and OE.I&A – The objectives help address the policy by requiring I&A mechanisms so that user authorizations may be restricted for users. O.MANAGE – The objective addresses the policy by requiring the TOE to provide management functions to administrators for configuration of user authorizations. O.USER.AUTHORIZED and OE.USER.AUTHORIZED – The objectives help address the policy by requiring authorizations to be specified for users. 9.1.3 Rationale Showing Assumptions to Environment Security Objectives The following table describes the rationale for the assumption to security objectives mapping. Table 28 - Assumptions to Security Objectives Rationale A.TYPE Security Objectives Rationale A.ACCESS.MANAGED OE.PHYSICAL.MANAGED – The objective addresses the assumption by requiring the TOE to be located in an area that restricts physical access. A.ADMIN.TRAINING OE.ADMIN.TRAINED – The objective restates the assumption. A.ADMIN.TRUST OE.ADMIN.TRUSTED – The objective addresses the assumption by requiring trust to be established in the administrators. A.IPSEC OE.IPSEC – All network systems with which the TOE communicates are required to support IPSec with ESP. A.USER.TRAINING OE.USER.TRAINED – The objective restates the assumption. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 49 9.2 Security Requirements Rationale 9.2.1 Rationale for Security Functional Requirements of the TOE Objectives This section provides rationale for the Security Functional Requirements demonstrating that the SFRs are suitable to address the security objectives. The following table identifies for each TOE security objective, the SFR(s) that address it. Table 29 - SFRs to Security Objectives Mapping O.AUDIT.LOGGED O.CONF.NO_ALT O.CONF.NO_DIS O.DOC.NO_ALT O.DOC.NO_DIS O.FUNC.NO_ALT O.INTERFACE.MANAGED O.I&A O.MANAGE O.PROT.NO_ALT O.SOFTWARE.VERIFIED O.TIME_STAMP O.USER.AUTHORIZED FAU_GEN.1 X FAU_GEN.2 X FCS_CKM.1(A) X X X X X X FCS_CKM.1(B) X X X X X X FCS_CKM.4 X X X X X X FCS_COP.1 X X X X X X FDP_ACC.1(A) X X X X FDP_ACC.1(B) X X X FDP_ACF.1(A) X X X X FDP_ACF.1(B) X X X FDP_RIP.1 X FIA_AFL.1 X FIA_ATD.1 X X FIA_UAU.1 X X X FIA_UAU.7 X FIA_UID.1 X X X X X X X X X X FIA_USB.1 X X FMT_MSA.1 X X X X X FMT_MSA.3 X X X X X FMT_MTD.1 X X X X FMT_SMF.1 X X X X X X X FMT_SMR.1 X X X X X X X X FPT_STM.1 X X FPT_TST.1 X FTA_SSL.3 X X X FTP_ITC.1 X X X X X X The following table provides the detail of TOE security objective(s). Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 50 Table 30 - Security Objectives to SFR Rationale Security Objective SFR and Rationale O.AUDIT.LOGGED FAU_GEN.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to generate audit records for TOE usage and security relevant events. FAU_GEN.2 helps address the objective by requiring the audit records to include information associating a user with each event (if applicable). FIA_UID.1 supports audit policies by associating user identity with events. FPT_STM.1 supports audit policies by requiring time stamps associated with events. O.CONF.NO_ALT FCS_CKM.1(A), FCS_CKM.1(B), FCS_CKM.4 and FCS_COP.1 support the objective by requiring the TOE to provide key management and cryptographic functions to protect management interactions during network transmission. FIA_UID.1 supports access control and security roles by requiring user identification. FMT_MTD.1 specifies the rules for altering TSF Confidential Data. FMT_SMF.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring functions to control attributes. FMT_SMR.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring security roles. FTP_ITC.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to provide trusted channels for the exchange of management traffic across the network. O.CONF.NO_DIS FCS_CKM.1(A), FCS_CKM.1(B), FCS_CKM.4 and FCS_COP.1 support the objective by requiring the TOE to provide key management and cryptographic functions to protect management interactions during network transmission. FIA_UID.1 supports access control and security roles by requiring user identification. FMT_MTD.1 specifies the rules for displaying TSF Confidential Data. FMT_SMF.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring functions to control attributes. FMT_SMR.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring security roles. FTP_ITC.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to provide trusted channels for the exchange of management traffic across the network. O.DOC.NO_ALT FCS_CKM.1(A), FCS_CKM.1(B), FCS_CKM.4 and FCS_COP.1 support the objective by requiring the TOE to provide key management and cryptographic functions to protect the document data while transferred across the network. FDP_ACC.1(A) and FDP_ACC.1(B) specify the subjects, objects and operations that are controlled regarding User Document Data that must be protected for unauthorized alteration. FDP_ACF.1(A) and FDP_ACF.1(B) specify the security attributes and rules used to determine whether access is permitted. FIA_UID.1 supports access control and security roles by requiring user identification. FMT_MSA.1 and FMT_MSA.3 support the access control function by enforcing control of security attributes and their defaults. FMT_SMF.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring functions to control attributes. FMT_SMR.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring security roles. FTP_ITC.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to provide trusted channels for the exchange of D.DOC across the network. O.DOC.NO_DIS FCS_CKM.1(A), FCS_CKM.1(B), FCS_CKM.4 and FCS_COP.1 support the objective by requiring the TOE to provide key management and cryptographic functions to protect the document data while transferred across the network. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 51 Security Objective SFR and Rationale FDP_ACC.1(A) and FDP_ACC.1(B) specify the subjects, objects and operations that are controlled regarding User Document Data that must be protected for unauthorized disclosure. FDP_ACF.1(A) and FDP_ACF.1(B) specify the security attributes and rules used to determine whether access is permitted. FDP_RIP.1 supports the objective by requiring the TOE to make unavailable any user document data when the RAM buffer holding the data is released. FIA_UID.1 supports access control and security roles by requiring user identification. FMT_MSA.1 and FMT_MSA.3 support the access control function by enforcing control of security attributes and their defaults. FMT_SMF.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring functions to control attributes. FMT_SMR.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring security roles. FTP_ITC.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to provide trusted channels for the exchange of D.DOC across the network. O.FUNC.NO_ALT FCS_CKM.1(A), FCS_CKM.1(B), FCS_CKM.4 and FCS_COP.1 support the objective by requiring the TOE to provide key management and cryptographic functions to protect the function data while transferred across the network. FDP_ACC.1(A) specifies the subjects, objects and operations that are controlled regarding functions. FDP_ACF.1(A) specifies the security attributes and rules used to determine whether access is permitted. FIA_UID.1 supports access control and security roles by requiring user identification. FMT_MSA.1 and FMT_MSA.3 support the access control function by enforcing control of security attributes and their defaults. FMT_SMF.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring functions to control attributes. FMT_SMR.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring security roles. FTP_ITC.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to provide trusted channels for the exchange of D.FUNC across the network. O.INTERFACE.MA NAGED FIA_UAU.1 enforces management of external interfaces by requiring user authentication. FIA_UID.1 enforces management of external interfaces by requiring user identification. FTA_SSL.3 enforces management of external interfaces by terminating inactive sessions. O.I&A FIA_AFL.1 supports the objective by requiring the TOE to lock accounts that experience an excessive number of failed authentication attempts, thereby providing protection from brute force password attacks. FIA_ATD.1 specifies the attributes associated with users, including information about failed authentication attempts. FIA_UAU.1 requires the TOE to provide I&A using Username/Password Accounts. FIA_UAU.7 protects the confidentiality of passwords by specifying that only asterisks are echoed during password entry. FIA_UID.1 requires the TOE to provide I&A using Username/Password Accounts. FIA_USB.1 specifies the attributes bound to a session upon successful completion of the I&A process. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 52 Security Objective SFR and Rationale O.MANAGE FMT_MSA.1 specifies the rules for management of the security attributes used in the access control decisions for user data. FMT_MSA.3 requires the TOE to impose restrictive default values for security attributes in all cases. FMT_MTD.1specifies the rules for management of TSF data. FMT_SMF.1 specifies the management functions that the TOE provides and controls access to. FMT_SMR.1 specifies the roles (via user permissions) supported by the TOE. FTA_SSL.3 requires the TOE to automatically terminate idle sessions to mitigate against users taking advantage of existing sessions to gain unauthorized access. O.PROT.NO_ALT FCS_CKM.1(A), FCS_CKM.1(B), FCS_CKM.4 and FCS_COP.1 support the objective by requiring the TOE to provide key management and cryptographic functions to protect the management data while transferred across the network. FIA_UID.1 supports access control and security roles by requiring user identification. FMT_MTD.1 specifies the rules for displaying TSF Confidential Data. FMT_SMF.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring functions to control attributes. FMT_SMR.1 supports control of security attributes by requiring security roles. FTP_ITC.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to provide trusted channels for the exchange of management traffic across the network. O.SOFTWARE.VER IFIED FPT_TST.1 addresses the objective by requiring the TOE to validate the TSF data for configuration data. O.TIME_STAMP FPT_STM.1 requires the TOE to provide a reliable time source when time is configured to be supplied internally. O.USER.AUTHORI ZED FIA_ATD.1 supports authorization by associating security attributes with users.FIA_UID.1 and FIA_UAU.1 requires the TOE to successfully complete the I&A process before allowing users to perform anything other than the specified functions. FIA_USB.1 specifies the attributes bound to a sessions (and used in access control decisions) upon successful I&A. The security policies defined in FDP_ACC.1(A), FDP_ACC.1(B), FDP_ACF.1(A), FDP_ACF.1(B), FMT_MSA.1 and FMT_MSA.3 are required to be enforced by the TOE based on the security attributes bound to the subject (acting on behalf of the authenticated user). FMT_SMR.1 supports authorization by requiring security roles. FTA_SSL.3 enforces authorization by terminating inactive sessions. 9.2.2 Security Assurance Requirements Rationale The TOE stresses assurance through vendor actions that are within the bounds of current best commercial practice. The TOE provides, primarily via review of vendor-supplied evidence, independent confirmation that these actions have been competently performed. The general level of assurance for the TOE is: A) Consistent with current best commercial practice for IT development and provides a product that is competitive against non-evaluated products with respect to functionality, performance, cost, and time-to-market. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 53 B) The TOE assurance also meets current constraints on widespread acceptance, by expressing its claims against EAL3 augmented with ALC_FLR.2 from part 3 of the Common Criteria. 9.3 TOE Summary Specification Rationale This section demonstrates that the TOE’s Security Functions completely and accurately meet the TOE SFRs. The following tables provide a mapping between the TOE’s Security Functions and the SFRs and the rationale. Table 31 - SFRs to TOE Security Functions Mapping Audit Generation I&A Access Control Management D.DOC Wiping Secure Communication Self Test FAU_GEN.1 X FAU_GEN.2 X FCS_CKM.1(A) X FCS_CKM.1(B) X FCS_CKM.4 X FCS_COP.1 X X FDP_ACC.1(A) X FDP_ACC.1(B) X FDP_ACF.1(A) X FDP_ACF.1(B) X FDP_RIP.1 X FIA_AFL.1 X FIA_ATD.1 X FIA_UAU.1 X FIA_UAU.7 X FIA_UID.1 X FIA_USB.1 X FMT_MSA.1 X X FMT_MSA.3 X FMT_MTD.1 X X FMT_SMF.1 X FMT_SMR.1 X FPT_STM.1 X FPT_TST.1 X FTA_SSL.3 X FTP_ITC.1 X Table 32 - SFR to SF Rationale SFR SF and Rationale FAU_GEN.1 Audit Generation addresses the SFR by specifying the audit event records that are generated and the content of the records. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 54 SFR SF and Rationale FAU_GEN.2 Audit Generation addresses the SFR by specifying that the associated Username (if applicable) is included in audit event records. FCS_CKM.1(A) Secure Communications requires generation of a certificate with an RSA public-private key pair. FCS_CKM.1(B) Secure Communications requires generation of keys for IKEv1 exchanges involving pre-shared keys. FCS_CKM.4 Secure Communication requires zeroization of the session keys obtained by DH IKEv1 Key Derivation Function to be zeroized when the sessions terminate. FCS_COP.1 Secure Communication requires the TOE to support TDES and AES for encryption, SHA for HMAC, RSA signatures, Diffie Hellman for IKEv1 Key Derivation Function, and a deterministic random bit generator. FDP_ACC.1(A) Access Control specifies the access controls placed on the user operations (objects) performed by users to access user data in the TSC. FDP_ACC.1(B) Access Control specifies the access controls placed on the user operations (objects) performed by users to access user data in the TSC. FDP_ACF.1(A) Access Control specifies the access controls placed on the user operations (objects) performed by users to access user data in the TSC. FDP_ACF.1(B) Access Control specifies the access controls placed on the user operations (objects) performed by users to access user data in the TSC. FDP_RIP.1 D.DOC Wiping requires the TOE to overwrite RAM buffers upon their release that contain user data from incoming print jobs. FIA_AFL.1 Identification and Authentication requires the TOE to track failed login attempts for all authentication mechanisms. The limit on failed attempts that triggers an account lock is specified via the Login Restrictions TSF data. FIA_ATD.1 Identification and Authentication requires the TOE to maintain the Username, Password, and Associated Groups security attributes for Username/Password Accounts; and the failed authentication security attributes for all users. FIA_UAU.1 Identification and Authentication requires the TOE to prevent access to restricted functions before the I&A process is successfully completed. Printing is never a restricted function. The TOE is solely responsible for I&A for Username/Password Accounts. FIA_UAU.7 Identification and Authentication requires the TOE to echo asterisks or dots when a password is being entered for the I&A process for all mechanisms. FIA_UID.1 Identification and Authentication requires the TOE to prevent access to restricted functions before the I&A process is successfully completed. Printing is never a restricted function. The TOE is solely responsible for I&A for Username/Password Accounts. FIA_USB.1 Identification and Authentication requires the TOE to bind the Username and Password supplied during I&A with the subject upon successful I&A. The TOE also binds the permissions based on the permissions of associated groups. FMT_MSA.1 Management requires the TOE to provide the management capabilities for Usernames and Group memberships to the administrators that satisfy the access controls associated with the menus that control access to the data items. Access Control specifies that access be restricted and states the required configuration in the evaluated configuration. FMT_MSA.3 Management requires the TOE to initially associate no group memberships with Username/Password Accounts. Lexmark Single Function Printer Security Target 55 SFR SF and Rationale FMT_MTD.1 Management requires the TOE to provide the management capabilities specified in the table to the administrators that satisfy the access controls associated with the menus that control access to the data items. Access Control specifies that access be restricted and states the required configuration in the evaluated configuration. FMT_SMF.1 Management requires the TOE to provide capabilities to manage the specified functions. FMT_SMR.1 Management requires the TOE to maintain roles via association of user permissions with users. Administrators are any users authorized access to restricted functionality, while normal users are all the other defined users. FPT_STM.1 Audit Generation requires the TOE to provide time stamps for audit records when the TOE is configured for internal time. FPT_TST.1 Self Test requires the TOE to perform tests on the cryptographic components, validates the configuration data, and validates the integrity of the executable code on each power up and reset. FTA_SSL.3 Identification and Authentication states that sessions are automatically terminated by the TOE when the Home menu is not accessed within the configured timeout period. FTP_ITC.1 Secure Communication requires the TOE to use a trusted channel for network communication with all remote IT systems.